logo
Germany's Israel policy is changing — Friedrich Merz's support for Palestinians' right to statehood is proof

Germany's Israel policy is changing — Friedrich Merz's support for Palestinians' right to statehood is proof

Indian Express7 days ago
Written by Ashutosh Nagda
In a move that could surprise many observers of German foreign policy, Chancellor Friedrich Merz has openly criticised Israel's military strategy in Gaza. Speaking at his annual summer press conference on Friday, Merz said Israel's approach to the war in Gaza was 'no longer acceptable', marking the second time in a single week that he has publicly questioned the conduct of Israel's war. Days earlier, in an interview with a German media outlet, Merz reaffirmed the Palestinians' right to statehood and expressed concern over Israel's actions in Gaza.
While the remarks stop short of a fundamental policy reversal, they reflect a shift in tonality. Germany has long been one of Israel's staunchest allies, with its support rooted not just in strategic alignment but in the moral reckoning of its history. Germany's post-Holocaust relationship with Israel has always been layered with moral weight and historical obligation. Since the end of World War II, successive German governments across the political spectrum have enshrined a doctrine of 'Staatsräson' (reason of state), wherein the security of Israel is seen as part of Germany's national responsibility.
Against this backdrop, Merz's remarks are noteworthy. The shift is not in Germany's foundational support for Israel's right to exist or defend itself; Merz and his government have continued to reiterate that support. What might seem to be changing, however, is Germany's willingness to draw public lines around how Israel exercises that right, particularly when civilian suffering in Gaza is mounting and prospects for peace seem increasingly remote. It is worth noting that the previous government has also attempted to persuade Israel to adopt a different approach to the war in Gaza.
As chancellor, Merz might be attempting to address several audiences simultaneously: The German public, the Israeli government and his EU allies. Domestically, the comments allow him to extend a mild rapprochement, if any, to the pro-Palestinian Germans who have found themselves on the wrong end of the baton since October 7. They also act as an overall response to increasing criticism that Germany has disregarded humanitarian suffering in Gaza. Internationally, they align Germany more closely with the emerging consensus for recognising Palestinian statehood and conditioning future ties with Israel on meaningful progress toward a two-state solution.
This move also furthered a broader European frustration with Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's hardline policies. EU leaders have time and again grown wary of Netanyahu's rejection of a Palestinian state, his expansion of settlements in the West Bank, and the absence of a long-term political vision beyond military operations. Just a day before Merz's statement, Giorgia Meloni of Italy called the Israeli attack on the church in Gaza 'unacceptable', furthering her call from May urging Israel to respect international law in its military operation in Gaza. With this context, Merz's statement seems like an attempt to restore moral and diplomatic balance to Germany's Israel policy, one that still upholds Israeli security but not at the cost of Palestinian rights or EU credibility.
Merz's remarks also draw attention to a deeper tension in Germany's foreign policy of upholding a consistent, values-based stance across different global crises. Since the Russian invasion of Ukraine in 2022, Berlin has presented itself as a moral actor championing territorial sovereignty, international law, and civilian protection. Former Chancellor Olaf Scholz had, in 2022, written in an op-ed that Germany would be 'doing everything it can' to foster an international order based on democracy, security, and prosperity. Berlin's leadership within the EU on sanctions against Russia, military aid to Ukraine, and the defence of democratic values has reinforced this image.
Yet, Germany's relatively muted criticism of Israel's actions in Gaza has exposed accusations of double standards. Why is Russia condemned as a violator of international norms for targeting civilians in Ukraine, while Israel is shielded from similar scrutiny despite comparable devastation in Gaza? The perceived inconsistency in the German 'values' has undermined their credibility in the Global South and has fuelled the call for Western hypocrisy. Merz's recent intervention can then be seen as an effort to close that values gap and demonstrate his and Germany's commitment to humanitarian principles that apply universally.
While Merz's comment is important and rare, caution should prevail. The immediate impact of this on German-Israeli relations is likely to be limited. Israel remains one of Germany's closest allies outside of Europe, and both countries share deep economic, cultural, and security ties. Thus, a shift in political and strategic mood is a distant thought, but what is potentially shifting is the rhetorical mood. As the humanitarian crisis in Gaza persists and intensifies, Germany can be expected to make stronger statements. But will that lead to any actions, such as backing UN resolutions, supporting aid initiatives over Israeli objections, or even pausing certain arms exports? Unlikely.
Within the European Union, Merz's statement could act as a bridge between the more pro-Israel northern European bloc (Germany, Austria, the Czech Republic) and southern states more vocal about Palestinian rights (Spain, Ireland, Portugal). Germany has often played a mediating role in EU foreign policy, and Merz may now be positioning Germany and, by extension, himself as a voice for restraint, humanitarianism, and diplomacy.
What Merz's remarks ultimately reflect is a growing realisation that unwavering support for Israel's security cannot be a blank cheque. If Germany wants to remain a credible voice in global affairs, particularly in the Middle East, and strengthen its global south outreach, it must grapple with the contradictions of supporting a military campaign that many view as disproportionate, while also championing human rights and international law.
The writer is a political analyst and German Chancellor Fellow (2023–24), based between New Delhi and Berlin. He writes on foreign policy, electoral trends, and domestic politics
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

US, China eye tariff détente in Stockholm meeting today as August deadline looms. What to expect?
US, China eye tariff détente in Stockholm meeting today as August deadline looms. What to expect?

Mint

time40 minutes ago

  • Mint

US, China eye tariff détente in Stockholm meeting today as August deadline looms. What to expect?

Top US and Chinese officials are meeting Monday in Stockholm to try to extend their fragile tariff detente beyond a mid-August deadline and explore broader steps to ease trade tensions. The Stockholm negotiations come just days after Trump secured his largest trade deal to date with the European Union. Under that agreement, most EU goods exports to the U.S., including automobiles, will face a 15% tariff. In return, the EU has committed to purchasing $750 billion in American energy and making $600 billion in U.S. investments over the coming years. Meanwhile, Washington and Beijing are expected to extend their current tariff truce by another three months, according to a report by the South China Morning Post, citing unnamed sources familiar with the talks. One source told the newspaper that neither side will impose new tariffs during the extension period. The existing pause in tariff escalation, originally set to expire on August 12, has helped prevent further deterioration in trade relations as both sides continue negotiating over broader economic and geopolitical disputes. The talks, led by Chinese Vice Premier He Lifeng and US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent, mark the third high-level meeting in less than three months. The agenda includes negotiating the duration of the current tariff freeze and addressing contentious issues such as US tariffs linked to fentanyl trafficking and China's continued purchases of sanctioned Russian and Iranian Oil. If no agreement is reached, global supply chains could once again be thrown into disarray, as U.S. tariffs are set to revert to punitive triple-digit levels, effectively amounting to a bilateral trade embargo. Still, Bessent said in recent days that the US would use this week's huddle to work out what's 'likely an extension' to the current tariff pause, adding: 'I think trade is in a very good place with China.' Any progress in this week's US-China negotiations could lay the groundwork for a potential meeting between Donald Trump and Chinese President Xi Jinping, possibly timed with a major summit in South Korea later this year. Xi extended an invitation for Trump and First Lady Melania Trump to visit China during a phone call last month, though no date has been confirmed. Sweden's role as host for the talks became clearer after Swedish Finance Minister Elisabeth Svantesson revealed that both U.S. and Chinese officials approached her during the recent G20 gathering in South Africa to propose Sweden as a neutral ground for the negotiations. The meetings in Stockholm mark a quiet but significant moment in the ongoing efforts to manage trade tensions and avoid a renewed tariff escalation. US Ambassador David Perdue, who arrived in Beijing in May, presented his credentials to Xi on Friday, China's envoy to the US posted on X. At the core of the ongoing negotiations between the world's two largest economies lies a high-stakes standoff over critical technologies. Beijing's tight control over rare-earth magnets vital for electric vehicles, wind turbines, and advanced military systems clashes with Washington's sweeping export restrictions on cutting-edge semiconductors crucial to artificial intelligence development. Reducing the 20% fentanyl tariffs Trump imposed over US claims Chinese companies supply chemicals used to make the illegal drug is also a high priority for Beijing, Eurasia Group analysts wrote in a note last week, citing recent meetings with Ministry of Public Security officials. Ministry officials travelled to the Geneva talks in May and will likely go to Stockholm, the analysts wrote, as reported by Bloomberg. While China has denied it is responsible for the flow of the deadly drug, last month it tightened controls over two chemicals that can be used to make the opioid. Earlier this month, Trump praised those moves. 'China has been helping out,' he told reporters. 'We're talking to them and they're making big steps.' For the US, the recent Chinese actions aren't enough, as such moves were required to comply with United Nations measures, according to a person familiar with the trade talks. Chances of reducing the 20% tariff in this round of talks are very slim, added the person who asked not to be identified, discussing sensitive matters, while noting everything could change on Trump's whim, Bloomberg reported. China would be willing to cooperate more on fentanyl, said Sun Chenghao, a professor at Tsinghua University in Beijing, but the US would have to remove the related tariffs, stop blaming Beijing for what it sees as a US domestic problem and provide concrete evidence of crimes. The US business community remains hopeful for progress, with Sean Stein, president of the US-China Business Council, telling Bloomberg TV that movement on fentanyl presents the 'biggest opportunity' in talks. 'That then lowers tariffs on the US side, which then opens the door for China to lower tariffs that lets us sell agriculture, lets us sell airplanes, lets us sell automobiles, that let's us sell energy,' he said. As US Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent opened the latest round of trade talks, he signalled a broader negotiating agenda including Beijing's ongoing purchases of sanctioned Russian and Iranian oil. But China has made clear it won't entertain US pressure on that front. 'China won't play along,' warned Lv Xiang, a US affairs expert at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, speaking to state-run Global Times, firmly rejecting any effort to use China as leverage against Russia's economy. At the same time, energy trade between the U.S. and China has sharply declined. In June, Chinese imports of American crude oil, LNG, and coal dropped to nearly zero, the first time in nearly three years, with tariffs of 10–15% imposed by Beijing in February dampening purchases. The energy gap highlights how geopolitical friction is deepening the divide, even as negotiators seek to keep broader trade tensions from reigniting. Xi's government has begun rolling back some of its other retaliatory measures since the two sides met last month in London. Crucially, Beijing has boosted shipments of rare earth magnets, while the US relaxed restrictions on sales of less-advanced semiconductors to China. In another potential goodwill gesture, as the Sweden talks were announced this month, China revealed it had suspended an antitrust investigation into the local unit of US chemical manufacturer DuPont de Nemours Inc. China's colossal manufacturing output will also be a talking point for Trump's team. I think trade is in a very good place with China. Bessent said the US hopes to see China 'pull back on some of this glut of manufacturing that they're doing and concentrate on building a consumer economy.' (With inputs from Bloomberg)

Good if US trade pact sealed by Aug 1, but nation first: Goyal
Good if US trade pact sealed by Aug 1, but nation first: Goyal

Time of India

time40 minutes ago

  • Time of India

Good if US trade pact sealed by Aug 1, but nation first: Goyal

Commerce and industry minister Piyush Goyal on Sunday said it would be good if India and the US can do a trade agreement before August 1 but New Delhi's priority is to protect its national and public interests. "Koi deadline ke hisab se Bharat negotiate nahi karta (India doesn't negotiate its trade agreements based on deadlines)," Goyal added at an event in Mumbai on the opportunities for exports in the UK market following the bilateral free trade agreement. He was responding to a question about the August 1 deadline when the US' reciprocal tariffs imposed on most countries, including India, are expected to come into force. The minister said the talks are going well with the US and India will do a good bilateral trade agreement (BTA) by October-November. American trade negotiators are slated to visit India in August for the next round of negotiations for the proposed BTA, the first tranche of which is aimed to be concluded by October. The fifth round of talks concluded in Washington last week. The countries aim to more than double bilateral trade to $500 billion. The two sides were working to finalise an interim trade deal before August 1. "Our discussions with the United States are progressing very well. I am fully confident that by the October-November 2025 timeline, we will secure a good agreement," Goyal said. This was his first outreach programme with industry after the India-UK Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) was signed on July 24. Exporters from gems and jewellery and marine sectors, among others, participated in the event. "It is the most comprehensive free trade agreement India has ever entered with 30 chapters, including environment, gender, anti-corruption," Goyal said about CETA. "It has so many positives and new things that today the world wants to do business with India." He said India is in the process of finalising trade agreements with developed countries with whom it doesn't compete but complement. Whether it is New Zealand, Oman, the US, or the EU, India's agreements will be made with a "well-thought-out strategy" as the country negotiates from a position of strength and confidence, the minister said. He alleged that the previous UPA government had left Indian trade, farmers and fishermen to the mercy of a non-market economy by its move to join the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP), a free trade agreement between Asean countries and China, Japan, South Korea, Australia and New Zealand.

US-EU trade deal: Asian stocks rally; Euro jumps to $1.1779
US-EU trade deal: Asian stocks rally; Euro jumps to $1.1779

Time of India

time42 minutes ago

  • Time of India

US-EU trade deal: Asian stocks rally; Euro jumps to $1.1779

Stock markets gained along with the Euro on Monday after the recent European Union and United States deal to resolve a potential trade war that could have caused severe damage. US President Donald Trump on Sunday said that both powers have 'reached a deal' on trade and called it a 'good deal'. He announced that a 15 per cent baseline tariff would be imposed on EU exports to the US. Global markets react positively to the EU-US deal The euro rose to $1.1779, up from $1.1749 on Friday after the deal news. Hong Kong led the rally, climbing around 1%. Other rising markets included: Shanghai, Sydney, Seoul, Wellington, Taipei, Jakarta, and European and US futures. Tokyo fell for the second straight day, after a 5% surge earlier on Japan's US deal. Singapore and Seoul posted minor losses. The broad rally followed record highs on Wall Street's S&P 500 and Nasdaq. 'Good deal for everybody' EU Commission President Ursula von der Leyen and Donald Trump reached a trade deal on Sunday. Meanwhile a new round of China-US talks led by US treasury secretary Scott Bessent and China's vice premier He Lifeng in Stockholm is planned. Trump and Der Leyen announced at his golf resort in Scotland that a 15 per cent baseline tariff would be imposed on EU exports to the US. "We've reached a deal. It's a good deal for everybody. This is probably the biggest deal ever reached in any capacity," Trump said. "It's a good deal," von der Leyen further hailed the deal. "It will bring stability. It will bring predictability. That's very important for our businesses on both sides of the Atlantic," she added. The US President also said that the levies would apply across the board, including to Europe's key sectors such as automobiles, pharmaceuticals, and semiconductors. 'Market-friendly' agreement Thames Water CEO Chris Weston acknowledged the rise in stock markets following the landmark deal. "The news flow from both the extension with China and the agreement with the EU is clearly market-friendly, and should put further upside potential into the euro... and should also put renewed upside into EU equities," Weston said at Pepperstone according to an AFP report. Traders are getting ready for a busy week, with investors watching for important economic data, central bank meetings, and results from big global companies. Both countries had placed tariffs on each other's goods in April, reaching over 100% in some cases. The US has now lowered its duties to 30%, while China has cut its tariffs to 10%. The 90-day truce, agreed during talks in Geneva in May, is set to end on August 12. Big week for tech giants Earnings from major tech giants like Amazon, Apple, Meta, and Microsoft are due this week. Investors are also watching for key US economic data, including growth and job figures. The Federal Reserve is expected to keep interest rates unchanged at its latest policy meeting. However, markets are eager to hear how officials view the rest of the year, especially after Trump's new tariffs. The Bank of Japan is also likely to avoid any major changes to borrowing costs. Stay informed with the latest business news, updates on bank holidays and public holidays . AI Masterclass for Students. Upskill Young Ones Today!– Join Now

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store