Zelensky: Russia must end war in Ukraine
Reuters quoted Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky as saying that Russia must end the war in Ukraine.
Zelensky revealed that he had a phone call with US President Donald Trump, along with European leaders. Meanwhile, the head of the Russian delegation to the negotiations with Ukraine revealed that Kyiv had refused to hand over 1,000 military prisoners as part of a new prisoner exchange.
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Trump deployed two nuclear submarines last week in an escalation of the war of words between the US and Russia over Ukraine. Last Thursday, former president of Russia Dmitry Medvedev, now deputy chairman of the Security Council of the Russian Federation, wrote on X that 'Trump's playing the ultimatum game with Russia: 50 days or 10… He should remember two things: first Russia isn't Israel or even Iran. Second, each new ultimatum is a threat and a step towards war. Not between Russia and Ukraine, but with his own country. Don't go down the Sleepy Joe road!' The next day US President Donald Trump wrote on Truth Social that 'based on the highly provocative statements of Dmitry Medvedev, I have ordered two nuclear submarines to be positioned in the appropriate regions, just in case these foolish and inflammatory statements are more than just that. Words are very important and can often lead to unintended consequences; I hope this will not be one of those instances. Thank you for your attention to this matter!' Two days later, the Russian Interfax news agency reported that Russian and Chinese vessels were moving in a joint detachment including a large Russian anti-submarine ship and two Chinese destroyers in the Sea of Japan. It said diesel-electric submarines from the two countries were also involved, as well as a Chinese submarine rescue ship. The manoeuvres are part of the Maritime Interaction 2025 exercises that are scheduled to end this week. It is unlikely that these exercises are directly related to the statements made by Trump and Medvedev. However, the deployment of the two US nuclear submarines remains a noteworthy development, as they have long been among the most important deterrent tools in the United States armoury. This is due to their exceptional ability to travel in ocean waters undetected, their unlimited range thanks to nuclear propulsion, and their lethal firepower, whether through cruise missiles or nuclear missiles. The locations of these submarines are usually highly classified. Looking at the current deployment areas of the US Navy, the Sea of Japan appears to be devoid of US destroyers, according to USNI News produced by the US Naval Institute. This is due to the eastward movement of the USS Carl Vinson carrier and its escort group. The only remaining vessel is the USS Tripoli amphibious assault ship, which is capable of carrying various types of helicopters as well as F-35B and Harrier jets belonging to the Marine Corps. Therefore, the submarines are likely to be present in the Sea of Japan to gather additional intelligence, at the very least, on the exercises being conducted by Russia and China. The operation requires coordination among destroyers, maritime patrol aircraft, helicopters, and submarines. It is somewhat out of the ordinary and not entirely routine. In July, Reuters reported that 'Trump announced new weapons for Ukraine… and threatened sanctions on buyers of Russian exports unless Russia agrees a peace deal, a major policy shift brought on by frustration with Moscow's ongoing attacks on its neighbour.' A White House official said Trump was referring to 100 per cent tariffs on Russian goods as well as secondary sanctions on other countries that buy its exports. Eighty-five of the 100 US senators are co-sponsoring a bill that would give Trump the authority to impose 500 per cent tariffs on any country that helps Russia, but the Chamber's Republican leaders have been waiting for Trump to give them the go-ahead for a vote. Starting this month, US news outlets also reported that the US and NATO are developing a novel funding mechanism for transferring weapons to Ukraine, known by the acronym PURL (Priority Ukraine Requirements List). Despite this, Trump has been consistently leaving the door open to Russia by insisting on providing only defensive weapons, specifically the Patriot system, which remains one of the most sought-after systems by the Ukrainian leadership in their effort to defend Ukrainian airspace from the ongoing missile attacks on their cities. Trump also refuses to approve the transfer of long-range offensive weapons, particularly the JASSM and ATACMS missiles, which would allow the Ukrainian Army to strike deep into Russian territory with greater effectiveness and destructive impact compared to the limited effect of suicide drones. Undoubtedly, the new defensive systems will strengthen Ukraine's air-defence network, especially if the new mechanism succeeds in sustaining the logistical supply of missiles for the batteries. However, on the battlefield, they may not significantly alter many outcomes, particularly after the recent advances on multiple fronts in eastern Ukraine, which has turned into a brutal battleground between Russian and Ukrainian forces. The Russian military retains a greater ability to replenish its losses in both weaponry and personnel compared to the Ukrainian side. A Ukrainian spokesperson said that 'Russian forces have lost 50,000 personnel in the Toretsk direction in more than six months of fighting, of which more than 20,000 were killed in action.' According to the US-based Institute of War (ISW) last Sunday, 'geolocated footage published on August 2 indicates that Russian forces recently advanced north of Oleksandro-Kalynove (northwest of Toretsk).' The classical Chinese writer Sun Tzu once wrote that 'strategy without tactics is the slowest route to victory. Tactics without strategy is the noise before defeat.' Although he wrote this in 500 BCE, it is an accurate description of the Ukrainian battlefield since the war began in 2022. The Ukrainians have mastered the art of finding tactical solutions, but they rely entirely on US and European weapons and supplies. This dependence has prevented them from developing an effective strategy to expel Russian forces. In contrast, the Russian side has had the upper hand in creating a comprehensive strategy to replenish its weapons stockpiles, maintain combat momentum, and bring about the attrition of the Western-supplied arsenals used by the Ukrainian Army. Nevertheless, Russian battlefield tactics do not guarantee rapid or decisive advances, which increases Russian losses in both personnel and equipment. Last weekend, Trump said his envoy Steve Witkoff would travel to Russia in the coming days as the president called for an end to the conflict in Ukraine, according CNN. The contours of Trump's strategy to end the war are becoming clearer, as he seeks to strike another deal with the Russian side, wielding the threat of sanctions rather than offensive weapons or direct harm. This shifts the ball into Moscow's court. Will it accept the terms of the American proposal, or choose to continue the war, especially given the absence of any battlefield deterrent preventing Russian forces from advancing in eastern Ukraine? The coming weeks may prove decisive in answering this question. * A version of this article appears in print in the 7 August, 2025 edition of Al-Ahram Weekly Follow us on: Facebook Instagram Whatsapp Short link:
