
China to lend moon rocks to Nasa-funded US universities
The remaining authorised institutions are from Japan, France, Germany, Britain, and Pakistan.With its uncrewed Chang'e-5 mission in 2020 China became only the third country to collect rocks from the lunar surface, joining the Soviet Union and the United States, which last went to the moon and retrieved samples in 1972.China's subsequent uncrewed Chang'e-6 mission, completed in June last year, made it the first country to bring back rocks from the side of the moon facing away from Earth.U.S.-China cooperation on space has long been deterred by a 2011 U.S. law that seeks to ensure American technologies stay out of the hands of China's military. Under the law, Nasa must work with the FBI to certify to Congress that any such talks with China would not threaten U.S. national security.advertisementNasa head Bill Nelson told Reuters in October that Nasa and the China National Space Administration (CNSA) were discussing the terms of Beijing's loan agreement for the Chang'e-5 moon rocks after he assured American lawmakers that the talks would not pose national security concerns.Four U.S. universities had applied for access to the Chang'e-5 samples, Nelson said then, adding he thought the talks would end with China agreeing to provide access to samples.However, he said he expects Nasa to have to work with the FBI for another national security certification to enable any moon rock deliveries to U.S. universities for research.
Beijing hopes to use its space prowess to forge closer political ties with close partners and U.S. allies alike. (Photo: CNSA)
Beijing hopes to use its space prowess to forge closer political ties with close partners and U.S. allies alike."It seems the United States is quite closed off now despite being open in the past, while we were closed off in the past and are now open; this is because of the increase in our nation's overall strength and consequent rise in self-confidence," Wu Weiren, chief designer of China's lunar exploration programme, told Reuters in an interview on Wednesday, adding that growing U.S. "isolationism" would not help its space ambitions.advertisementA CNSA official said on Wednesday the Chang'e-4 and 6 missions had four international payloads, while the Chang'e-7 mission next year will have six international payloads and "cooperation with 10 countries" is being discussed for the subsequent Chang'e-8 mission.China hopes Chang'e-7 and 8 can help provide the information it needs to decide where and how to build a permanent manned lunar base by 2035.Trending Reel
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Indian Express
11 minutes ago
- Indian Express
For Indians, the American dream is getting more and more out of reach
Written by Savita Patel The Donald Trump administration's controversial executive order ending birthright citizenship nationwide was blocked by a fourth court last week. Nevertheless, hundreds and thousands of foreign citizens residing and giving birth in the US remain in a state of uncertainty as a result. Citizenship has been granted to anyone born in the US for over a century, irrespective of their parents' immigration status, as per a legal principle in the US Constitution. The presidential order aims to deny that to children born after February 20 to temporary foreign workers. Within days of the first announcement, several federal judges blocked the order nationwide, which meant the rule could not be enforced until the lawsuits were decided. But the administration appealed to the Supreme Court. As the primary legal case that addresses the merits of Trump's birthright citizenship order continues, on June 27, the Supreme Court curtailed the power of lower courts to issue nationwide injunctions while upholding the ability of plaintiffs to seek a stay through class-action lawsuits. Finally, on July 10, certifying a nationwide class 'comprised only of those deprived of citizenship', a judge in a New Hampshire court indefinitely blocked Trump's order, before District Judge Deborah Boardman in Maryland did the same on August 7. Caught amidst a flurry of lawsuits and counter-challenges, millions of foreign citizens who live, work and study in the US are uncertain about the nationality of their newborns. Will the US passports being issued to these infants hold if the administration wins the legal battles? Birth certificates issued in the US have information about parents, place and time of birth, but do not mention the nationality of a newborn. Unlike foreign-born immigrants applying for naturalisation or citizenship, there is no formal process or US nationality application for a child born in the country. A US birth location established in the certificate is adequate to apply for an American passport. Even as the lower courts continue to block the thwarting of a constitutional birthright, foreign citizens are wondering if the passports issued to their children might be withdrawn if the US Supreme Court decides to uphold the executive order, as the case makes its way through this year. Historically, laws in the US are not implemented retroactively. Of all foreign US residents, Indians in the US, the second-largest immigrant block, are disproportionately impacted by the challenges to birthright citizenship. Trump's order mentions that children born in the US to lawful permanent residents can receive US citizenship. Indians face the longest queue compared to any other foreign nationality to be granted permanent residency or a green card, an important step in the path to citizenship. The population of Indians in the US has more than doubled in the last two decades, significantly contributed by the large share of H1-B work visas going to them — 72 per cent annually. But the proportion of green cards accorded to them remains at the 7 per cent annual country cap, which has created a decades-long bottleneck. Comparatively, most other nationals receive permanent residence within a year. There are more than 1.1 million Indians in the green card queue. As per the Cato Institute, over 4,00,000 of them face a 134-year wait. If the wait for permanent residency for Indians were at par with immigrants from other countries, most of the Indians in the green card queue would have been granted their citizenship by now and avoided the current uncertainty regarding their US-born children's birthright citizenship. To avail the time window the legal blocking of the order offers and mitigate being stripped of the opportunity due to any potential legal developments, couples are promptly applying for US passports for their newborns but are holding off overseas travel, fearing increased vigilance at the borders. A community so far perceived positively in the US, which refers to itself as a 'model minority' with its highest median income and education levels of all demographic groups, Indians in the US are feeling a tightening immigration landscape. Along with a long wait for green cards, citizenship and the AI-related uncertainty of steady jobs in the tech sector, they are now unsure of the one guarantee: Birthright citizenship for their US-born children. But despite the evolving policies and rising scrutiny, the US continues to be an attractive economic destination for Indians and other foreigners. Career opportunities, education standards, and the lifestyle it offers to families continue to drive hundreds and thousands of Indians to stay on in the US, even though the pursuit of their American dream is becoming more complex. Patel is an author and producer working on diaspora affairs, based in the United States


The Hindu
11 minutes ago
- The Hindu
Top news of the day: Lok Sabha Speaker sets in motion the process to remove Justice Yashwant Varma; petitioners argue ECI does not have the authority to determine citizenship, and more
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Indian Express
11 minutes ago
- Indian Express
US designates Baloch group as terror organisation: What is Majeed Brigade, significance of step
The United States has designated the Pakistani separatist Baloch Liberation Army (BLA) and its wing the Majeed Brigade as a Foreign Terrorist Organisation (FTO), the Department of State announced on Monday (August 11). The BLA was classified as a Specially Designated Global Terrorist (SDGT) since 2019. The stricter designation comes at a time Pakistan's army chief Field Marshal Asim Munir is visiting the US, and the two countries have signed a trade deal that could allow US firms to tap Balochistan's 'oil reserves'. The BLA is among the most prominent flagbearers of Balochistan's decades-long separatist movement. Pakistan has often accused India of fomenting the separatism, a charge New Delhi has denied. What is the significance of the FTO tag for the Baloch Liberation Army, and what is the India angle in this? We explain. 'Today's action taken by the Department of State demonstrates the Trump Administration's commitment to countering terrorism. Terrorist designations play a critical role in our fight against this scourge and are an effective way to curtail support for terrorist activities,' the statement issued by Marco Rubio, US Secretary of State, said. In effect, an FTO designation for an organisation — under section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act — makes extending support to it criminal in the US. This support can include everything from logistical to intelligence to financial aid. Assets the organisation owns in the US can be frozen, there can be travel restrictions, and the group and its supporters can be barred from accessing the American financial system. Also, a tag announcing that the US sees a particular organisation as 'terrorist' helps isolate the organisation internationally. Balochistan borders Afghanistan and Iran. With gas, oil, copper and gold deposits, it is the most resource-rich of Pakistan's four provinces, but lags behind in development and economic growth. It makes up half of Pakistan's area, but has only 3.6% of its population. The struggle for Baloch independence dates back to 1947. In fact, sections in Balochistan observed the '78th Independence Day' on August 12. After the British left the subcontinent, the Khan of Kalat (who claimed sovereignty over the four princely states of Kalat, Lasbela, Kharan and Makran) declared independence. The Pakistan Army forced his accession in March 1948, but ethnic nationalism and the perceived injustice meted out to Balochistan by the Punjab-dominated Pakistani state have fuelled separatist emotions. By the late 1970s, tribal chieftains or sardaars of Balochistan had largely been co-opted by the Pakistani state. However, in the 2000s, insurgency gained momentum again, after then President Parvez Musharraf allowed China to build a deep water port in the fishing village of Gwadar, and the Pakistan army killed Nawab Akbar Khan Bugti, who had been chief minister and governor of the province. The BLA announced itself in 2005 with a rocket attack on a paramilitary camp in Balochistan Kohlu during a visit by Musharraf. Khair Baksh Marri, a tribal leader, is considered the founder of the BLA. After he died of old age in 2014, the leadership of BLA is believed to have passed to his son Hyrbyair Marri, who lives in London. 'In 2024, BLA claimed it had committed suicide attacks near the airport in Karachi and the Gwadar Port Authority Complex. In 2025, BLA claimed responsibility for the March hijacking of the Jaffar Express train traveling from Quetta to Peshawar, killing 31 civilians and security personnel and holding hostage over 300 train passengers,' Rubio's statement said. The Majeed Brigade operates as the BLA's specialised suicide wing. It is named after two brothers, both named Majeed Langove, who died fighting for the Baloch cause. Read our detailed explainer about the brother here. The Majeed Brigade carried out its first suicide attack on December 30, 2011, in which 14 people were killed. After a long hiatus, the group became active again in 2018, attacking a bus carrying Chinese engineers in Dalbandin near the Pakistan-Afghanistan border. The Majeed Brigade has also attacked the Chinese Consulate in Karachi (2018), the Gwadar Pearl Continental Hotel (2019), and the Pakistan Stock Exchange in Karachi (2020), according to the South Asia Terrorism Portal. What is the significance of this step? In Pakistan, the FTO designation is being celebrated as a win over India, at a time Donald Trump is penalising New Delhi for its trade with Russia. According to the Pakistani newspaper Dawn, Minister of State for Interior Talal Chaudhry termed the designation 'a fruit of Pakistan's successful diplomacy and a 'great win' for the country. 'He said the groups were 'proxies' of India that were sponsored by the neighbouring country and others. 'The day is not far when their sponsors will also be on the list of terrorists. This will not only strengthen Pakistan against fighting terrorist organisations, but the stronger Pakistan is against terrorism, the safer the world will be from terrorists,' he said,' Dawn reported. However, last month, the US had designated The Resistance Front (TRF) as an FTO, which has claimed responsibility for the April Pahalgam attack. India's Ministry of External Affairs had then said, 'The TRF, a proxy of the Pakistan-based terrorist organisation Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LeT), has been involved in numerous terror-related activities… The designation of TRF is a timely and important step reflecting the deep cooperation between India and the United States on counter-terrorism.'