
Will Iran retaliate or capitulate?
The United States has struck Iranian soil, hitting three of the country's nuclear facilities.
US President Donald Trump is threatening more strikes if peace is not achieved. list of 3 items list 1 of 3 list 2 of 3 list 3 of 3 end of list
But Iran has hit back, striking central and northern Israel.
So is this a major escalation in the conflict between Iran and Israel?
Is there a real danger of nuclear fallout?
How likely is Iran to strike US bases?
And is the Middle East moving closer to a regional war?
Presenter: Imran Khan
Guests:
Zohreh Kharazmi – Assistant professor in the Faculty of World Studies at the University of Tehran
Tariq Rauf – Former head of the Verification and Security Policy Coordination Office at the International Atomic Energy Agency
Matthew Bryza – Former US National Security Council official at the White House and diplomat

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Al Jazeera
30 minutes ago
- Al Jazeera
Trump's occupation of DC is a rehearsal for autocracy
Washington, DC, youth activist Afeni Evans has become the most recent symbol of US President Donald Trump's federal takeover of the city's police. On August 15, Metro Transit Police officers pepper-sprayed and forced the 28-year-old Evans to the ground at the Navy Yard subway stop for allegedly committing fare evasion. Evans and other Harriet's Wildest Dreams volunteers were at the station on 'cop watch' to ensure the federal takeover would not lead to harassment of Black youth. Yet, it happened to three Black youths anyway, prompting Evans to intervene, which led to her arrest. After public protests in DC and on social media, she was released to cheering crowds outside the court, and the charges against her were dropped the next day. Like with so many other issues related to Trump and his attempts at autocracy, his use of the National Guard and US Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) to stifle community ecosystems especially impacts Washington's Black, Brown and Queer residents. This effort to squash potential dissent is more than a distraction from the Epstein files controversy or America's economic troubles. Locally, it is a partial end to the District of Columbia's half-century of home rule, which otherwise makes the city independent of direct federal oversight. Nationally, it is an open question about whether DC can remain a site of protest, a place where marches and other gatherings can effect change or even occur at all in the current autocratic climate. Trump's executive order announcing his takeover of DC's police force on August 11 should not have come as a surprise, especially given his attempts to bring the federal government's power to bear in California back in June. 'Crime is out of control in the District of Columbia', the order reads, stating that the 'increase in violent crime in the heart of our Republic… poses intolerable risks to the vital federal functions that take place in the District of Columbia'. But the truth is, Trump's executive order manufactured a crisis out of far-right fantasies. Six days before Trump's announcement, two teenagers carjacked Edward Coristine, a 19-year-old former staffer at the Department of Government Efficiency, in DC's Logan Circle. 'We're going to do something about it. That includes bringing in the National Guard,' Trump said in the aftermath of the incident. However, the two alleged carjackers in police custody were from Hyattsville, Maryland, in Prince George's County, and not DC. Trump's moves also fly in the face of another truth: Crime is no bigger an issue in DC than it is anywhere else in the United States. At the beginning of the year, a joint report from the US Attorney's Office in DC and the Metropolitan Police Department (MPD) showed that the city's violent crime rate had dropped by 35 percent in 2024, reaching its lowest rate since the mid-1990s. 'Armed carjackings are down 53%,' according to the report. Washington, DC, is a great stage for beta-testing how willing the rest of the US is to go to achieve Trump's dream of autocratic rule. DC remains a majority-minority city, with Black Washingtonians making up a plurality (43 percent) of the population, despite 30 years of middle-class (mostly white) gentrification – white Washingtonians make up 39 percent of DC's population. So, it is not that surprising Trump would attempt such heavy-handed tactics in a soft occupation of DC, particularly in a city that was once famously nicknamed 'Chocolate City'. In a capital where more than 90 percent of voters chose former Vice President Kamala Harris over Trump in the 2024 presidential election, Trump is also sending the unvarnished and racist message that Black folk, and especially Black youth, are criminals. Imposing a heightened police presence and hundreds of National Guard soldiers on a multiracial city is nothing but a wannabe strongman's attempt to appear strong to his anti-Black supporters. DC is also known as a place that holds significance for Queer Americans. One out of every seven adults in the nation's capital identifies as LGBTQIA+, roughly 80,000 Washingtonians in all. Northwest DC, particularly communities like Dupont Circle, Logan Circle, Adams Morgan, and parts of Shaw and Columbia Heights, became a relatively safe space in the 1960s and 1970s for Queer culture and businesses to thrive. The inaugural National March for Lesbian and Gay Rights began in DC in 1979. It should not shock anyone that an anti-Queer Trump administration would also target DC's Queer and migrant spaces. The federalised police presence in DC has been especially noticeable along the 14th Street and U Street corridors, including the installation of not-so-random checkpoints over the past couple of weeks. Inevitably – between the National Guard, federal law enforcement and anti-immigrant agencies like Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE), in conjunction with the MPD – they have made dozens of arrests, and smothered nightlife and business traffic in these communities. Trump, in his own ham-fisted way, is also attempting to erase DC's history as one of protest and resistance. As the US evolved into a superpower, and DC transformed into the international community's superpower city during and after World War II, the city also became a place for protest, particularly for racial justice and civil rights. Examples include the March on Washington on August 28, 1963, as well as a series of antiwar protests against Vietnam between 1965 and 1971. Marches and protests for the Equal Rights Amendment, for a Gay Rights Bill, for Chicano rights, Indigenous rights, and migrant and refugee rights came alongside civil rights marches and protests throughout the 1960s and 1970s. Massive protests like the 2017 Women's March, the George Floyd protests in 2020 and the Free Palestine protests last year have made DC a target ripe for government overreach. But what Trump is doing to DC in 2025 is not quite unprecedented – not for him, and not for the federal government. In 2018, during Trump's first term as president, the US National Park Service (NPS) sought to shrink the available sidewalk space around the White House for protests 'by 80 percent', and to charge demonstrators permit fees 'to allow the NPS to recover some of the costs' of public safety provisions. On June 1, 2020, the National Guard and the US Park Police tear-gassed, lobbed concussion grenades and violently arrested George Floyd protesters at Lafayette Square, across the street from the White House – all so that Trump could do a photo-op nearby on the steps of St John's Church, calling himself 'your president of law and order' along the way. Trump has followed in the footsteps of another 'law and order' president, Richard Nixon. In May 1971, Nixon unleashed the National Guard and local police against thousands of antiwar demonstrators in DC, in what became known as the Mayday protests, leading to more than 12,000 arrests over a three-day period. In 1932, President Herbert Hoover authorised the use of military force against a ragtag group of 20,000 unemployed and unhoused World War I veterans known as the Bonus Army. At the height of the Great Depression and looking for the bonus money Congress owed them, the military responded with gas grenades, bayonets, flamethrowers and tanks, destroying their shantytowns along the National Mall and Anacostia River. Two veterans died, while the Army injured thousands of others. The resulting tear gas cloud over the city also led to the death of an infant. Trump and his small army of occupiers are trying to make an example out of the nation's capital, to destroy the DC of the past century, its vibrancy and resistance. The irony, of course, is that one of Trump's first acts in his second term was to pardon more than 1,500 insurrectionists who had been part of the January 6, 2021, attack on the US Capitol, a deadly and treasonous event. Now, Trump wants to cower Washingtonians into accepting autocracy. DC's legacy as the national seat of power, as an international city, and as the centre of the so-called Free World, is in peril. But its most vulnerable and marginalised residents continue to resist, despite the dangers of Trump as a despot. The views expressed in this article are the author's own and do not necessarily reflect Al Jazeera's editorial stance.


Al Jazeera
an hour ago
- Al Jazeera
The importance of preserving Palestine's archives
Historian Zach Foster on preserving Palestinian maps and archival materials. In this episode of Centre Stage, our guest is a Jewish historian of Palestine, Zach Foster. He joins us to discuss his work on preserving Palestinian maps and archival materials, despite the deliberate destruction of archives by Israel. Foster explains his journey from growing up in a Zionist household to advocating for the rights and history of Palestinians. Phil Lavelle is a TV news correspondent at Al Jazeera.


Al Jazeera
2 hours ago
- Al Jazeera
Tracking US and NATO support for Ukraine: A full breakdown
After a week of high-stakes diplomacy aimed at halting the war in Ukraine, United States President Donald Trump says he is set on arranging a summit between Russian President Vladimir Putin and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy. Following separate meetings with both leaders, Trump has ruled out sending US troops to Ukraine, but pledged security guarantees to Kyiv and indicated that Washington could provide air support to reinforce a potential deal. Ukraine, in turn, told reporters at the White House it would obtain US-made weapons purchased by Europeans for an estimated $90bn as part of the effort to bolster its defences. Which countries are aiding Ukraine? At least 41 countries have contributed to Ukraine's war efforts monetarily, either through military, humanitarian or financial assistance, according to the Kiel Institute for the World Economy, a German think tank. Military assistance includes weapons, equipment and financial aid for the Ukrainian military. Humanitarian relief covers medical, food and other items for civilians, while financial assistance comes in the form of grants, loans and guarantees. Most contributions to Ukraine have come from NATO, with 29 of its 32 members providing monetary aid, according to the Kiel Institute. Additionally, 12 non-NATO countries and territories have sent monetary aid to Ukraine. These include Australia, Austria, Cyprus, the Republic of Ireland, Japan, Malta, New Zealand, South Korea, Switzerland, China, Taiwan, and India. The European Union, through the Commission and Council, has also delivered substantial aid to Ukraine. How much aid has Ukraine received so far? So far, Ukraine has received more than 309 billion euros ($360bn) in military, financial, and humanitarian aid, according to the Kiel Institute: Military aid – 149.26 billion euros ($174bn – using today's exchange rate of €1 = $1.17) Financial aid – 139.34 billion euros ($163bn) Humanitarian aid – 21.04 billion euros ($24bn) Who are Ukraine's largest donors? The US has committed the largest amount of aid to Ukraine, providing 114.64 billion euros ($134bn) between January 24, 2022 and June 30, 2025, of which: Military aid – 64.6 billion euros ($75bn) Financial aid – 46.6 billion euros ($54bn) Humanitarian aid – 3.4 billion euros ($4bn) The EU (Commission and Council) is the second biggest donor at 63.19 billion euros ($74bn), followed by Germany (21.29 billion euros or $25bn), the UK (18.6 billion euros or $21bn) and Japan (13.57 billion euros or $15bn). How much aid has been pledged v allocated? According to the Kiel Institute, European countries have collectively allocated 167.4 billion euros ($195bn) to the war in Ukraine, more than the 114.6 billion euros ($134bn) allocated by the US. Allocated aid refers to funds or resources that have actually been set aside, delivered, or officially committed for use by Ukraine. It is different from pledged aid, which is money or equipment promised by a country but not yet delivered or officially set aside. In total, Europe as a whole has committed 257.4 billion euros ($300bn) and the US 119 billion euros ($139bn). US aid to Ukraine plummets under Trump Days before Trump took office, the Biden administration gave one final injection of military support to Ukraine with a weapons package of $500m on January 9. Following the start of the Trump administration's second term in office, aid to Ukraine has plummeted, with Washington suspending all support, including weapons, in March after a tense meeting with Zelenskyy at the White House. Trump made claims that the US has given Ukraine more than $300bn in wartime aid. That number has been contested by Ukraine and its supporters, despite the US being the single largest donor country. What weapons has Ukraine received? Ukraine has received various weapons systems from its allies, including armoured vehicles, artillery, aircraft, air defence systems, drones, missiles, and a wide range of support equipment. According to the Kiel Institute, Poland has supplied its neighbour with the largest number of tanks, totaling 354, while the US leads in providing infantry fighting vehicles (305), howitzers (201), air defence systems (18), and HIMARS rocket launchers (41). The HIMARS, capable of striking targets just a few metres (feet) wide from nearly 80km (50 miles) away, gave Ukraine a vital long-range precision strike capability that slowed Russian advances early in the war. NATO defence spending In a news briefing, the White House said the US could help coordinate a security guarantee for Ukraine. However, Russia's Ministry of Foreign Affairs has ruled out the deployment of troops from NATO countries to help secure a peace deal. In June, NATO leaders signed a deal to increase defence spending, which is to be achieved over the next 10 years, and is a jump worth hundreds of billions of dollars a year from the current goal of 2 percent of gross domestic product (GDP) to 5 percent. Currently, 23 of the 32 member countries have met this target, with the alliance as a whole spending 2.61 percent of its combined GDP on defence last year. NATO countries bordering Russia, such as Estonia and Lithuania, have significantly increased their defence spending – from less than 1 percent of their GDP just 10 years ago.