
Padmakumar E.S. is the new director of Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota
As the new director of SDSC SHAR, Mr. Padmakumar succeeds A. Rajarajan, who has moved to the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre (VSSC), Thiruvananthapuram, as its director.
Mr. Padmakumar is joining the spaceport at a time when ISRO is gearing up for the missions as part of the Gaganyaan programme and launches from industries.
At IISU, Mr. Padmakumar was leading the development of high-accuracy navigation sensors such as Hemispherical Resonant Gyro and other inertial systems. The navigation systems for Chandrayaan-3 were developed by his team. He also led the robotics activities including the India's first space robotics arm, RRMTD (Relocatable Robotic Manipulator Technology Development) which flew on the PSLV Orbital Experimental Module (POEM-4) mission.
Mr. Padmakumar joined VSSC in 1986 and has held several important positions including Group Director, Deputy Director, and Associate Director.
A native of Moorkanikara, Thrissur, Mr. Padmakumar is an alumnus of the College of Engineering, Thiruvananthapuram, and the Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru. His wife Radha R.K. is a senior scientist and division head at Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanical Garden and Research Institute, Palode. Their daughter, Medha Padmakumar, is an electronics engineer.
Hashtags

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles


Time of India
4 hours ago
- Time of India
ISRO honour for JU lunar rover
1 2 3 4 5 6 Kolkata: A 10-member Jadavpur University (JU) team, Obseract, has competed with over a 1,000 teams to rank 5th in the ISRO Robotics Challenge-2024 for designing and operating an autonomous robotic vehicle (rover) that can traverse tough terrains like the lunar surface and execute diverse tasks within a simulated extraterrestrial setting. The team, comprising students, researchers and their mentors, received the trophy on July 25 at the U R Rao Satellite Centre, Bengaluru. The contest assigned robotic tasks inspired by Chandrayaan-4 problem statements. Out of 1,008 team, 273 proposals qualified. Obseract was among the 10 teams selected to attend the final challenge round in Bengaluru in 2023. The results were declared in Aug 2024. The team is now preparing for NIDAR 2025 and International Robotics Challenge 2026. The 42kg 6-wheeled rover is worth about Rs 2.7lakh. Its arm is capable of picking up 200gm samples. It can rotate 360° rotation around a single point without taking much space. The rover has a runtime of 9 hours on simple terrain and 4 hours during heavy use of its manipulator arm. Alumni of the1984 batch of the mechanical engineering department, besides others funded the project.

The Hindu
8 hours ago
- The Hindu
National Space Day celebrated at KSOU
The Karnataka State Open University (KSOU) on Wednesday observed National Space Day, commemorating the historic success of India's Chandrayaan-3 mission and soft landing on the Moon's south pole on August 23, 2023. The event was held to bring together students, scientists, and academicians on a common platform in a bid to create greater awareness about India's space programmes, and the various space missions and explorations to be undertaken in the future. Jaswinder Singh Khoral, Chairperson of the National Space Day (NSpD) main committee, said that although the global success rate for lunar landings was low, India had achieved a remarkable milestone with Chandrayaan-3, which successfully touched down on the lunar surface, with the landing point being named as the Shiv Shakti Point. 'This day is not just about ISRO's success, but about how the student community and the nation, together, celebrate the possibilities that space offers,' he added. Mr. Khoral said that the National Space Day is not about celebrating ISRO's past success, but to co-opt students, academicians, and all stakeholders, and think of the future, as space science and technology had already impacted every aspect of life. He said that space is no longer a domain of pure application, but was the new frontier — whether it is telecommunications, education, infrastructure, or asteroid mining. The race to the moon and beyond has already begun, said Mr. Khoral. He underlined the need to prepare the younger generation for the rapidly evolving space sector. 'Whether you are in engineering, policy, or management, you will be contributing to the space sector, directly or indirectly,' he said, urging students to see National Space Day not just as a celebration of past glory but a call to be a part of India's space future. Vice-Chancellor of the University of Mysore, N.K. Lokanath, said that the event provided students with an opportunity to understand India's journey in space science, and the groundwork that goes into such missions. He pointed out that space science in India has always had deep roots, even in ancient times, where mathematics and calculations formed the basis of astronomical observations. The theme of the event 'Aryabhata to Gaganyaan: Ancient Wisdom to Infinite Possibilities', encapsuled India's timeless pursuit of knowledge, said Mr. Lokanath. He said India's quest for understanding the cosmos did not begin in recent decades but could be traced to the days of Aryabhata, Brahmagupta, Bhaskara, etc. Mr. Lokanath said that India's space programmes have been notable not just for its orientation towards developmental outcomes for the benefit of society, but also for addressing terrestrial challenges like disaster management, weather forecasting, communication, educational outreach, etc. Sharanappa V. Halse, Vice-Chancellor, KSOU, and others were present. There was interaction between students and ISRO scientists, and talks on various aspects of space by resource persons to mark the event.


Indian Express
2 days ago
- Indian Express
Mains answer practice — GS 3 : Questions on spacecraft splashdown and renewable energy (Week 114)
UPSC Essentials brings to you its initiative for the practice of Mains answer writing. It covers essential topics of static and dynamic parts of the UPSC Civil Services syllabus covered under various GS papers. This answer-writing practice is designed to help you as a value addition to your UPSC CSE Mains. Attempt today's answer writing on questions related to topics of GS-3 to check your progress. 🚨 Click Here to read the UPSC Essentials magazine for July 2025. Share your views and suggestions in the comment box or at Discuss why rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity has not translated into substantial reductions in fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions at the global level. Discuss the merits and demerits of splashdown (water landings) versus runway (ground) landings for crewed spacecraft with reference to recent missions such as Axiom‑4. Introduction — The introduction of the answer is essential and should be restricted to 3-5 lines. Remember, a one-liner is not a standard introduction. — It may consist of basic information by giving some definitions from the trusted source and authentic facts. Body — It is the central part of the answer and one should understand the demand of the question to provide rich content. — The answer must be preferably written as a mix of points and short paragraphs rather than using long paragraphs or just points. — Using facts from authentic government sources makes your answer more comprehensive. Analysis is important based on the demand of the question, but do not over analyse. — Underlining keywords gives you an edge over other candidates and enhances presentation of the answer. — Using flowcharts/tree-diagram in the answers saves much time and boosts your score. However, it should be used logically and only where it is required. Way forward/ conclusion — The ending of the answer should be on a positive note and it should have a forward-looking approach. However, if you feel that an important problem must be highlighted, you may add it in your conclusion. Try not to repeat any point from body or introduction. — You may use the findings of reports or surveys conducted at national and international levels, quotes etc. in your answers. Self Evaluation — It is the most important part of our Mains answer writing practice. UPSC Essentials will provide some guiding points or ideas as a thought process that will help you to evaluate your answers. QUESTION 1: Discuss why rapid expansion of renewable energy capacity has not translated into substantial reductions in fossil fuel use and greenhouse gas emissions at the global level. Note: This is not a model answer. It only provides you with thought process which you may incorporate into the answers. Introduction: — The world added about 582 gigawatts (GW) of renewable energy capacity in 2024, representing an increase of 15% over the previous year, according to a new report by the International Renewable Energy Association (IRENA). This was the largest annual increase in renewable energy capacity in any single year. — Currently, the installed capacity of renewable energy worldwide exceeds 4,442 GW, and renewable sources generate almost 30% of the world's electricity. — According to a new IRENA report, with the present rate of expansion, the world will be close to meeting its 2030 aim of tripling renewable energy installed capacity. This aim is deemed critical for controlling global warming and was included in the accord reached at the COP28 summit in Dubai in 2023. Body: You may incorporate some of the following points in your answer: — The rapid expansion of renewable energy may give the impression that the world has made significant progress towards fulfilling its climate goals. However, renewable energy has yet to displace fossil fuels on a global scale. — While fossil fuels accounted for only around 10% of new power installed capacity in 2024, their use is still increasing, according to the IRENA report. — Between 2012 and 2023, global power generation increased by 2.5% per year on average, while renewable energy expanded at a rate of approximately 6%. This has resulted in a continuous increase in the proportion of renewables in the power generation mix. However, fossil fuels today generate more than 70% of worldwide electrical generation. — In absolute terms, more fossil fuels are consumed today than ten years ago to generate power. To make matters worse, the growth in the consumption of fossil fuels is projected to last for at least a few years. As a result, greenhouse gas emissions have reached historic levels in recent years. — In some nations, particularly in the Nordic region, renewables make for a substantially larger share of overall energy use. However, the unique conditions found in these countries are difficult to recreate elsewhere. According to forecasts, by 2050, renewable energy will account for no more than 40% to 45% of total global energy consumption. Conclusion: — The IRENA report pointed out that while renewable capacity increased by 15% globally in 2024, in Africa it grew by just 7%, and that too from a very low base. Africa is where the largest number of people without access live. — China's management of the renewable energy system has begun to resemble the OPEC countries' influence over global oil supplies. Energy security has emerged as one of the most pressing problems for governments, prompting many of them to secure whatever option is available to them, clean or not. — The move to clean and renewable energy systems is not as simple as some claim. There are multiple levels of complexity that make the objective of reducing global temperatures to below 2 degrees Celsius appear more unattainable. (Source: Why increasing renewable energy alone can't solve climate crisis) Points to Ponder Read more about renewable energy and its sources Why do Nordic countries produce more green electricity? Related Previous Year Questions The adoption of electric vehicles is rapidly growing worldwide. How do electric vehicles contribute to reducing carbon emissions and what are the key benefits they offer compared to traditional combustion engine vehicles? (2023) Industrial pollution of river water is a significant environmental issue in India. Discuss the various mitigation measures to deal with this problem and also the government's initiatives in this regard. (2024) QUESTION 2: Discuss the merits and demerits of splashdown (water landings) versus runway (ground) landings for crewed spacecraft with reference to recent missions such as Axiom‑4. Note: This is not a model answer. It only provides you with thought process which you may incorporate into the answers. Introduction: — Landing in the ocean is the preferred method of returning humans from space, while some spacecraft do land on a runway, just like an aeroplane. However, the latter has unique requirements, necessitates more advanced technology, and is typically more expensive. — The spacecraft carrying Indian astronaut Shubhanshu Shukla and his three Axiom-4 mission colleagues splashed down in the Pacific Ocean following a 20-hour voyage from the International Space Station. Body: You may incorporate some of the following points in your answer: — Splashdown is often a simpler and safer alternative. When a spacecraft begins to re-enter the Earth's atmosphere at an altitude of 110-120 km, it typically travels at speeds of up to 27,359 km/h. There isn't enough time for it to slow down to speeds appropriate for a vertical landing on the ground. Additional braking devices and structures, such as landing legs, will be necessary. — It is safer to land a spacecraft in water, even if it is moving at 25-30 km/h – the speed of the Axiom-4 spacecraft at splashdown. Water's low viscosity and high density provide a far bigger cushion. While it does not guarantee a perfect landing, it absorbs enough shock from the impact to prevent damage to the spacecraft's construction, payload, or crew. — The other cause is the abundance of large open spaces. On the ground, the landing point must be exactly defined; in the ocean, even if the spacecraft is carried slightly off course by air or sea currents, there is no risk of colliding with anything else. — The capsules are designed to float in water. They are conical in shape, with rounded metal on either the top or bottom (depending on how they fall), similar to a ship's hull, that keeps them bobbing on the surface. Conclusion: How is landing done? — When a spacecraft re-enters the Earth's atmosphere, it decelerates owing to friction. However, extra precautions are required to slow it to a safe speed. One such method is to employ parachutes. Spacecraft often deploy two drag (or drogue) parachutes first, which stabilise the vehicle during re-entry and lower speed. These parachutes are deployed by the Dragon spacecraft at an altitude of around 18,000. — At approximately 6,500 feet, the drogue parachutes are removed, and the four main parachutes are released, further slowing the ship. — The spaceship does not fly vertically to Earth, but rather descends at an angle. From re-entry to touchdown, it travels 5,000-7,000 kilometres. During this period, its speed drops to around 25-30 km/h, which is safe for a splashdown in the ocean. (Source: Why spacecraft prefer splashdowns over landing on ground) Points to Ponder Read more about Axiom-4 mission Read about proposed Gaganyaan mission Related Previous Year Questions What is the main task of India's third moon mission which could not be achieved in its earlier mission? List the countries that have achieved this task. Introduce the subsystems in the spacecraft launched and explain the role of the Virtual Launch Control Centre' at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre which contributed to the successful launch from Sriharikota. (2023) India has achieved remarkable successes in unmanned space missions including the Chandrayaan and Mars Orbiter Mission, but has not ventured into manned space mission. What are the main obstacles to launching a manned space mission, both in terms of technology and logistics? Examine critically. (2017) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 3 (Week 112) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 3 (Week 113) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 2 (Week 112) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 2 (Week 113) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 1 (Week 112) UPSC Essentials: Mains answer practice — GS 1 (Week 113) Subscribe to our UPSC newsletter and stay updated with the news cues from the past week. Stay updated with the latest UPSC articles by joining our Telegram channel – IndianExpress UPSC Hub, and follow us on Instagram and X.