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Dollar poised for fifth-straight monthly drop on trade, fiscal uncertainty

Dollar poised for fifth-straight monthly drop on trade, fiscal uncertainty

Economic Times30-05-2025

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SINGAPORE - The U.S. dollar softened on Friday, heading for its fifth-straight monthly decline as traders braced for further bouts of uncertainty around trade and fiscal health, while investors awaited a pivotal inflation report later in the day.The greenback had a choppy week, ending lower in the previous session after a federal court temporarily reinstated the most sweeping of President Donald Trump's tariffs, a day after a separate trade court had ordered an immediate block on tariffs.Trump on Thursday criticized the trade court's decision and said he hoped the Supreme Court would overturn the decision.The uncertainty around tariffs has taken a vice-like grip on the markets as investors flee U.S. assets looking for alternatives, worried that Trump's erratic policies could challenge the strength and outperformance of U.S. markets."The (court) decision marks the beginning of a new source of uncertainty rather than the total closure of another," said Kyle Rodda, senior financial market analyst at Capital.com, noting the mood in the markets was cautious.Thursday's weekly jobless claims and economic growth data did little to placate worries of an economic downturn. The focus will be on the Federal Reserve 's preferred inflation data - the personal consumption expenditure report - later on Friday.Much of the month was also dominated by worries about fiscal debt levels in developed economies, highlighted by weak appetite for freshly issued longer-dated credit in the U.S. and in Japan.On Friday, the euro was slightly firmer at $1.1378, while the Swiss franc was also stronger at 0.8216 per dollar.The U.S. currency was set for monthly declines against the Swiss franc, the euro as well as the pound.The dollar index , which tracks the U.S. unit against a basket of six other currencies, was muted on the day. The index was set for a decline of 0.4% in May, on course for its fifth month in the red.On the flip side, markets have been taking notice of emerging market assets in recent weeks. An index tracking emerging market currencies has gained 2.2% for the month - its biggest one-month rise since November 2023.On Friday, the Japanese yen firmed 0.3% to 143.73 per dollar after data showed underlying inflation in Tokyo hit a more than two-year high in May, keeping alive the chances of further interest rate hikes from the Bank of Japan.However, the dollar is on track for a small monthly rise against the yen, its first after five previous months in the red.Markets are also on the lookout for any fresh clues on highly anticipated trade deals as the Trump-mandated July 9 deadline on tariffs draws near.Yields on longer-dated U.S. and Japanese bonds have eased this week, but still remain close to multi-month highs as investors question debt sustainability of the economies.Elsewhere, the Australian dollar eased a bit to $0.6429 and was set for a marginal rise in May. The New Zealand dollar last bought $0.5973. (Reporting by Johann M Cherian in Singapore; Editing by Sonali Paul)

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Terms of Trade: Economic dogma won't do the world any good
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Terms of Trade: Economic dogma won't do the world any good

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The political aspiration for a break from the globalisation consensus has brought in regimes which can only think of banning movement of both goods and people. Both of these threaten to inflict a serious supply shock to these countries, especially the US, and will likely inflict more pain than gain for even the underclass. This is exactly why even union leaders are physically resisting government agents out to deport illegal foreign workers in places like California. How did we reach this quagmire and is there a way out of it? The institutions which are expected to take a lead in resolving this situation seem to be delivering homilies rather than actual solutions. The Bank's latest Global Economic Prospects which flagged the statistical trends described above, for example, prescribes a three-pronged way out of the crisis: more trade liberalisation, more fiscal discipline and more employment generation. 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US trade pact gives China future leverage despite deal on rare earths export
US trade pact gives China future leverage despite deal on rare earths export

First Post

time28 minutes ago

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US trade pact gives China future leverage despite deal on rare earths export

The US and China have reached a trade pact easing rare earth export curbs, but the deal gives China the power to tighten controls later, keeping future leverage in its hands. read more US President Donald Trump meets with China's President Xi Jinping at the start of their bilateral meeting at the G20 leaders summit in Osaka, Japan, June 29, 2019. File Photo/Reuters The United States and China have reached a trade agreement under which Beijing will ease restrictions on rare earth mineral exports—critical inputs for the automotive, semiconductor, and smartphone industries—providing Washington with much-needed short-term supply relief. However, the deal includes provisions that allow China to tighten its grip again in the future. US President Donald Trump announced on Wednesday that the two countries had agreed to a truce following two days of negotiations in London. According to The Wall Street Journal, the agreement centres on the US gaining access to China's rare-earth magnets—small but vital components used in electric vehicle motors, industrial robotics, and military equipment. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD Temporary relief, long-term uncertainty While the deal is expected to resume the flow of rare earths to the US, it still gives China the power to reimpose restrictions. Export licences for US companies will be valid for only six months, enabling Beijing to cut supplies again if trade tensions flare, according to sources familiar with the matter. Export curbs forced Washington back to the table China imposed rare-earth export controls in April, shortly after the US slapped a 34% tariff on Chinese goods. The move sent shockwaves through global supply chains, prompting automakers, defence contractors, and electronics manufacturers to urgently seek alternatives. China's near-total dominance in producing the world's most powerful magnets—around 90%—allowed it to use its position as leverage, pushing the US back to negotiations. Conditional licence scheme raises concerns Under the terms of the deal, China will issue export licences for six-month periods, maintaining the ability to reintroduce controls should tensions escalate. This conditional arrangement has raised concerns that Beijing could once again assert control over a critical supply chain during any future economic or diplomatic standoff. Tariff reductions on both sides As part of the agreement, the US will lower tariffs on Chinese goods from 145 per cent to 55 per cent. This revised rate includes a 10 per cent baseline tariff—currently facing legal challenges—25 per cent from the Trump administration's earlier trade measures, and 20 per cent linked to US concerns over fentanyl trafficking. In return, China will reduce its tariffs on American goods from 125 per cent to 10 per cent. Businesses still under pressure Although the deal signals a step towards de-escalation, American businesses warn that the trade environment remains strained. Retail giants such as Walmart have already indicated that price increases are likely, as tariffs continue to act as a hidden tax on US consumers. Small businesses have been especially vocal, describing the tariffs as a 'death sentence' threatening their survival and growth. A fragile truce with lingering risks While the agreement provides temporary relief, it highlights the fragile nature of US-China trade relations. With China retaining strategic leverage in the rare earths sector, the long-term stability of the deal remains uncertain.

World shares mixed as markets shrug at latest China-US trade deal
World shares mixed as markets shrug at latest China-US trade deal

Mint

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World shares mixed as markets shrug at latest China-US trade deal

Tokyo, World shares were trading mixed early Thursday after Wall Street's rally stalled, as investors appeared not to react much to the results of the latest round of China-US trade talks. Germany's DAX lost 0.7 per cent to 23,787.77 and the CAC 40 in Paris slipped 0.4 per cent to 7,744.41. Britain's FTSE 100 was nearly unchanged at 8,863.07. The futures for the S&P 500 and the Dow Jones Industrial Average were down 0.3 per cent. In Asian trading, Japan's Nikkei 225 lost 0.5 per cent to 38,216.06. Hong Kong's Hang Seng sank 0.5 per cent to 24,234.80, while the Shanghai Composite index edged 0.1 per cent lower to 3,404.66. In South Korea, the Kospi gained 0.9 per cent to 2,933.44, while Australia's S&P/ASX 200 edged 0.1 per cent higher to 8,604.50. Taiwan's Taiex lost 0.8 per cent. On Wednesday, the S&P 500 fell 0.3 per cent to 6,022.24 for its first loss in four days. The Dow Jones Industrial Average was virtually unchanged at 42,865.77 after edging down by 1 point. The Nasdaq composite slipped 0.5 per cent to 3,400.30. Several Big Tech stocks led the way lower, and a 1.9 per cent drop for Apple was the heaviest weight on the market. It's been listless this week after unveiling several modest upcoming changes to the software that runs its devices. The action was stronger in the bond market, where Treasury yields eased after a report suggested President Donald Trump's tariffs are not pushing inflation much higher, at least not yet. US consumers had to pay prices for food, gasoline and other costs of living that were 2.4 per cent higher overall in May than a year earlier. That was up from April's 2.3 per cent inflation rate, but it wasn't as bad as the 2.5 per cent that Wall Street was expecting. A fear has been that Trump's wide-ranging tariffs could ignite an acceleration in inflation, just when it had seemed to get nearly all the way back to the Federal Reserve's 2 per cent target from more than 9 per cent three summers ago. It hasn't happened, though economists warn it may take months more to feel the full effect of Trump's tariffs. Trump said Wednesday that China will supply rare-earth minerals and magnets to the United States, while his government will allow Chinese students into US universities in a deal that still needs an agreement by him and by China's leader. Trump also said that 'President XI and I are going to work closely together to open up China to American Trade. This would be a great WIN for both countries!!!' Investors are still hoping for a more sweeping trade deal that would ease tensions between the world's two largest economies. Hopes for such deals between the United States and countries around the world have been one of the main reasons the S&P 500 has charged nearly all the way back to its all-time high after dropping roughly 20 per cent below a couple months ago. Without them, the fear is that Trump's high tariffs could drive the economy into a recession while pushing inflation higher. The S&P 500 is now sitting 2 per cent below its record. Tesla swung between gains and losses before finishing with a rise of 0.1 per cent to continue its shaky run. It's been recovering much of its big losses taken last week after Elon Musk's relationship with Trump imploded, which in turn raised fears about a loss of business for the electric-vehicle company. Musk on Wednesday backed away from some of his earlier comments and said they went 'too far.' In the bond market, the yield on the 10-year Treasury eased to 4.41 per cent from 4.47 per cent late Tuesday. Shorter-term yields, which more closely track expectations for what the Federal Reserve will do with overnight interest rates, fell more. Wednesday's better-than-expected reading on inflation raised expectations along Wall Street that the Fed could cut its main interest rate at least twice by the end of the year. In other dealings early Thursday, US benchmark crude oil lost 46 cents to USD 67.69 per barrel. Brent crude, the international standard, shed 53 cents to USD 69.24 per barrel. The US dollar slipped to 143.90 Japanese yen from 144.60 yen. The euro rose to USD 1.1518 from USD 1.1487. GRS GRS

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