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'After 10 decades of life, you need to be matter-of-fact about death'

'After 10 decades of life, you need to be matter-of-fact about death'

Irish Examiner20 hours ago

Jennifer Sleeman, aged 95, is so matter-of-fact about death that she had a coffin made for herself several years ago. She asked the man who carved her kitchen table if he would make one and when, a little surprised, he agreed, she lay down on the rug in her sitting-room to be measured up.
'We all die and I think it's sad that we don't talk about death,' she says with a gentle, disarming pragmatism that runs through all of her conversations on the subject.
Jennifer Sleeman. In the 10 decades since her birth on September 23, 1929, she has been a dairy farmer, a pre-marriage counsellor, an environmental campaigner, a Green Party candidate, a Fair Trade activist, and, more recently, an advocate for women priests and a more open attitude to death. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family.
And there have been a few — in a podcast with her son Andrew (Fr Simon) Sleeman, the Mindful Monk at Glenstal Abbey, with artist Sheelagh Broderick, outlining her funeral playlist (it includes Ol' Man River sung by Paul Robeson), and with her grandson Paul Power who made a beautiful short film entitled For When I Die (2018), as well as the words that are written on the folder containing all her post-death arrangements.
There are shots of the aforementioned coffin, standing tall in a bedroom in her home in Clonakilty, 'waiting patiently for me', as she casually puts it.
HISTORY HUB
If you are interested in this article then no doubt you will enjoy exploring the various history collections and content in our history hub. Check it out HERE and happy reading
Jennifer is neither sentimental nor mawkish; she is simply articulating 'some of the messages she wants to get out there'. In essence, that death is inevitable and we should try to prepare for what she terms a 'good death', one with family around and everything in order, rather than her mother's 'very bad death', which still upsets her.
Mother and daughter had words the night before she died and they never had a chance to make it up.
'I could cry about it now. It was just so sad and in a way, I kind of blame myself because for most of my life I did what my mother told me. I was a good daughter. And if I had spoken up a bit more about my own needs and my own thoughts, perhaps the end might have been better,' she says in For When I Die.
The need to speak up is a theme that runs through Jennifer Sleeman's extraordinary life. Just eight years before, on the eve of her 81st birthday, she made international headlines when she called for a single-Sunday boycott of Mass to protest about the lack of roles for women in the Catholic Church.
Jennifer Sleeman in Ireland in the 1970s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family
If people didn't want to skip Mass, they were asked to attend wearing a green ribbon to let the powers-that-be know that women were no longer happy to be second-class citizens.
The letters and phone calls of support, which came from men and women in Ireland, Australia, the US, and Canada, vastly outnumbered the disapproving ones.
Jennifer still relishes the attention, and laughs heartily when she recalls having to turn down one interview request because she was already booked to talk to the BBC.
Ask if she thinks the Church is changing and she mentions that interfaith minister, Rev. Dr Nóirín Ní Riain visited her yesterday. 'She's almost a priest.'
Jennifer Sleeman is in a nursing home now — 'one of the annoying things is that I spend all my time in bed. I'm just old' — and is slightly bemused that anyone would be interested in her life. But what a life.
In the 10 decades since her birth on September 23, 1929, she has been a dairy farmer, a pre-marriage counsellor, an environmental campaigner, a Green Party candidate, a Fair Trade activist, and, more recently, an advocate for women priests and a more open attitude to death.
Jennifer Sleeman. All she wanted to be as a child growing up in South Africa was a cowboy.
She is also a mother of six — Andrew, Duncan, Paddy, Mary, Katey and Patricia (aka Bushy) — which she considers her greatest achievement.
That short summary of her life to date shows that she has lived her own philosophy: 'I don't want them to say she died at such and such an age, rather that she lived until she was that age.'
All she wanted to be as a child growing up in South Africa was a cowboy, she says, recalling the long pony rides with her sister Alix when they were almost too young to be let wander alone.
But then, in a fascinating account of her early life, she writes about how safe and idyllic life was on the fruit farm run by her parents, Loïs and James Graham, a royal navy reservist.
It 'was laid out in orchards of fruit trees, apples, pears, and peaches and there were two nectarine trees and [a] cherry [tree] on which we gorged when they were ripe … I can't remember lessons being very onerous. We swam in the water tanks used for irrigating, we rode, we looked after our animals, our clothes were minimal, one dress, shorts, jodhpurs, and for the winter, yellow polo-neck pullovers.'
All that changed when the Second World War broke out.
Jennifer Sleeman in the 1940s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family
Jennifer's father was recalled to the navy and the family returned to her mother's native Scotland, counterintuitively moving nearer the fighting rather than farther away.
The 10-year-old Jennifer didn't see it that way, though. Some eight decades later, it is quite something to hear her talk with glee about the excitement of sailing back to Dumfries through 'submarine-infested waters', to use her evocative phrase.
She joins her hands to evoke the prayers she and her sister said on the journey: 'Each night, we ended our prayers with, 'and please God let us be torpedoed.' We thought that would be great fun. Mum was wise enough not to disabuse us of the notion.'
In any case, their mum had knitted red, white, and blue bobbles for their hats, which they thought would keep them safe if they found themselves bobbing in the waves.
It wasn't long before the harsh reality of war dawned with a jolt: 'I have vivid memories of being taken to see the army coming home from Dunkirk. Lorry after lorry of exhausted soldiers, we stood on the dusty roadside and waved, and mum told us never to forget seeing the soldiers coming home. I haven't,' Jennifer later wrote.
Jennifer Sleeman at her wedding to Brian Sleeman in 1949. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family
Little did she know then that, nine years later, she would marry one of the soldiers who didn't make it home. Her future husband, lieutenant-colonel Richard Brian Sleeman, of the royal sussex regiment, was captured in Dunkirk and spent the war in a prisoner-of-war camp in Germany, along with captain Harry Freeman Jackson, from Mallow in Co Cork.
That friendship explained how the couple later ended up in Ireland — Jennifer now thinks of herself as Irish — but we are getting ahead of the story.
After the war, in 1949, Jennifer married Brian Sleeman and moved to Berlin where he was secretary to the general of the Allied sector (British, French, and American) in a divided, bombed-out city.
Jennifer is looking at her album of photographs explaining the political context because, as she says, her grandchildren don't know that Berlin was divided between the Allies.
There are photographs of some of the streets reduced to rubble and while she didn't see the worst of the devastation in the city centre, she met some of the women who were victims of the mass rape perpetrated by Soviets on tens of thousands of German women.
Jennifer's uncle, a linguist, had stayed with two women in Berlin before the war and, against advice, she snuck out to visit them.
She found them living in a tiny flat and heard that they had been raped by the Russians. 'I felt awfully sorry for them.'
She feared for the women's safety and for the young girl who was living with them. At times, she worried for her own safety too. 'I used to feel a bit afraid. What if the Russians just walked in, there was absolutely nothing to stop them coming in from their sector of Berlin,' she says.
Damage in post-war Berlin. She lived there with her husband for two years after the war. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family
It didn't happen, though, and those post-war years also hold more amusing memories, such as the time the German gardener dug up everything they had planted in their garden and replanted it in rows.
For a woman who later spent many happy hours gardening without gloves so that she could feel the dirt under her fingernails, that particular anecdote still sends her into hoots of laughter. 'You couldn't believe that, but it's true,' she says.
Berlin is also associated with the happy arrival of the couple's first son, Andrew. Two more sons followed. Duncan was born in South Africa and Paddy in England before the couple acted on captain Freeman-Jackson's invitation to move to Ireland, where they developed a dairy farm, Killuragh Glen, in Killavullen in Cork in the 1950s.
Jennifer Sleeman in 1943. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family
Three more children arrived, Mary, Katey, and Patricia, and Jennifer Sleeman embraced her new life as mother and dairy farmer, milking cows.
'I loved that. I think I was quite good at it too,' she says. Even now, she looks out the window on these lovely summer mornings and remembers how lovely it was going to get the cows in all those years ago.
The conversation continues, going forward and back over Jennifer Sleeman's 'long, happy, busy life', as she describes it.
There were hard, sad days too. One of the hardest things, she says, was watching her husband suffer with Alzheimer's disease. She converted to Catholicism in the 1960s after meeting a nice priest. She had also seen the comfort her husband's faith gave him.
Jennifer Sleeman skiing in Germany in the 1950s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family.
Solace for her, however, came later when she was able to talk to another woman, Margaret, whose husband was suffering from Alzheimer's. 'She always said I was such a help to her. Unless you've been there, you cannot understand it.'
Unbidden, another memory resurfaces; the time she missed the only bus to Dumfries during the petrol-rationed days of war and was forced to walk the seven miles home in gathering darkness.
'I remember some kind, kind woman — the people you never forget — came on her bicycle. She got off and walked with me. That's the sort of thing you remember forever. You really do.'
After her husband died in 1988, Jennifer moved to Clonakilty where she built a house. 'That was interesting because they don't expect women to build houses.
I said to the builder, 'If you make a good job, I'll tell everybody. And if you make a bad job, I'll tell everybody too.' Well, you know, he did a good job.'
Jennifer Sleeman: 'I don't want them to say she died at such and such an age, rather that she lived until she was that age.'
She went on to have several more 'incarnations'. At a time of life when many slow down, she did the opposite and began a new career as a pre-marriage counsellor, using her free travel pass to go around the country giving courses, and later training the trainers.
She also got deeply involved in the Fairtrade movement after her daughter Patricia visited Nicaragua in 2001 and saw how much trading based on transparency and respect benefitted local communities.
After attending a 'Food We Buy' conference run by North Cork Organic Group, Jennifer started a Fairtrade campaign at her own kitchen table in Clonakilty, with the help of Cionnaith Ó Súilleabháin, of Sinn Féin, Canon Ian Jonas, Church of Ireland minister, and the late Fr Ger Galvin, a Catholic priest.
Again, she used her free travel to visit towns and villages all over the country to encourage support for farmers in the developing world, and to raise awareness of the devastating effects of climate change.
In 2007, she was named the Cork Environmental Forum Outstanding Individual for her work.
On a personal level, she got immense pleasure from the natural environment and worked in her own garden into her late 80s.
Jennifer Sleeman has a gentle, disarming pragmatism that runs through all of her conversations on the subject of death.
The oak trees growing in it tell a poignant story about the lasting scars of war. Jennifer lost a cousin and two uncles in the Second World War. One of them, her uncle John, was shot down over the Netherlands, and many years later she visited his burial place in Velp with her sister Alix.
'I picked up sprouting acorns on the path outside the graveyard and hid them at the bottom of my bag. They are now the oak trees growing in my garden in Clonakilty and to my delight I have found that they have had 'babies', little saplings which have an interesting history.'
Speaking of interesting histories, we have only scratched the surface of the life of a woman who has seen and done so much.
She says the width of life is more important than the length but she has clearly had both in hers, even if she doesn't always see the point in talking about it: 'How can you listen to me yapping on?'
With the greatest pleasure and ease, though we are sadly running out of space. I ask for a piece of advice she might have given her younger self: 'Don't be afraid to speak up and do what you want to do in life.'

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'After 10 decades of life, you need to be matter-of-fact about death'
'After 10 decades of life, you need to be matter-of-fact about death'

Irish Examiner

time20 hours ago

  • Irish Examiner

'After 10 decades of life, you need to be matter-of-fact about death'

Jennifer Sleeman, aged 95, is so matter-of-fact about death that she had a coffin made for herself several years ago. She asked the man who carved her kitchen table if he would make one and when, a little surprised, he agreed, she lay down on the rug in her sitting-room to be measured up. 'We all die and I think it's sad that we don't talk about death,' she says with a gentle, disarming pragmatism that runs through all of her conversations on the subject. Jennifer Sleeman. In the 10 decades since her birth on September 23, 1929, she has been a dairy farmer, a pre-marriage counsellor, an environmental campaigner, a Green Party candidate, a Fair Trade activist, and, more recently, an advocate for women priests and a more open attitude to death. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family. And there have been a few — in a podcast with her son Andrew (Fr Simon) Sleeman, the Mindful Monk at Glenstal Abbey, with artist Sheelagh Broderick, outlining her funeral playlist (it includes Ol' Man River sung by Paul Robeson), and with her grandson Paul Power who made a beautiful short film entitled For When I Die (2018), as well as the words that are written on the folder containing all her post-death arrangements. There are shots of the aforementioned coffin, standing tall in a bedroom in her home in Clonakilty, 'waiting patiently for me', as she casually puts it. HISTORY HUB If you are interested in this article then no doubt you will enjoy exploring the various history collections and content in our history hub. Check it out HERE and happy reading Jennifer is neither sentimental nor mawkish; she is simply articulating 'some of the messages she wants to get out there'. In essence, that death is inevitable and we should try to prepare for what she terms a 'good death', one with family around and everything in order, rather than her mother's 'very bad death', which still upsets her. Mother and daughter had words the night before she died and they never had a chance to make it up. 'I could cry about it now. It was just so sad and in a way, I kind of blame myself because for most of my life I did what my mother told me. I was a good daughter. And if I had spoken up a bit more about my own needs and my own thoughts, perhaps the end might have been better,' she says in For When I Die. The need to speak up is a theme that runs through Jennifer Sleeman's extraordinary life. Just eight years before, on the eve of her 81st birthday, she made international headlines when she called for a single-Sunday boycott of Mass to protest about the lack of roles for women in the Catholic Church. Jennifer Sleeman in Ireland in the 1970s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family If people didn't want to skip Mass, they were asked to attend wearing a green ribbon to let the powers-that-be know that women were no longer happy to be second-class citizens. The letters and phone calls of support, which came from men and women in Ireland, Australia, the US, and Canada, vastly outnumbered the disapproving ones. Jennifer still relishes the attention, and laughs heartily when she recalls having to turn down one interview request because she was already booked to talk to the BBC. Ask if she thinks the Church is changing and she mentions that interfaith minister, Rev. Dr Nóirín Ní Riain visited her yesterday. 'She's almost a priest.' Jennifer Sleeman is in a nursing home now — 'one of the annoying things is that I spend all my time in bed. I'm just old' — and is slightly bemused that anyone would be interested in her life. But what a life. In the 10 decades since her birth on September 23, 1929, she has been a dairy farmer, a pre-marriage counsellor, an environmental campaigner, a Green Party candidate, a Fair Trade activist, and, more recently, an advocate for women priests and a more open attitude to death. Jennifer Sleeman. All she wanted to be as a child growing up in South Africa was a cowboy. She is also a mother of six — Andrew, Duncan, Paddy, Mary, Katey and Patricia (aka Bushy) — which she considers her greatest achievement. That short summary of her life to date shows that she has lived her own philosophy: 'I don't want them to say she died at such and such an age, rather that she lived until she was that age.' All she wanted to be as a child growing up in South Africa was a cowboy, she says, recalling the long pony rides with her sister Alix when they were almost too young to be let wander alone. But then, in a fascinating account of her early life, she writes about how safe and idyllic life was on the fruit farm run by her parents, Loïs and James Graham, a royal navy reservist. It 'was laid out in orchards of fruit trees, apples, pears, and peaches and there were two nectarine trees and [a] cherry [tree] on which we gorged when they were ripe … I can't remember lessons being very onerous. We swam in the water tanks used for irrigating, we rode, we looked after our animals, our clothes were minimal, one dress, shorts, jodhpurs, and for the winter, yellow polo-neck pullovers.' All that changed when the Second World War broke out. Jennifer Sleeman in the 1940s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family Jennifer's father was recalled to the navy and the family returned to her mother's native Scotland, counterintuitively moving nearer the fighting rather than farther away. The 10-year-old Jennifer didn't see it that way, though. Some eight decades later, it is quite something to hear her talk with glee about the excitement of sailing back to Dumfries through 'submarine-infested waters', to use her evocative phrase. She joins her hands to evoke the prayers she and her sister said on the journey: 'Each night, we ended our prayers with, 'and please God let us be torpedoed.' We thought that would be great fun. Mum was wise enough not to disabuse us of the notion.' In any case, their mum had knitted red, white, and blue bobbles for their hats, which they thought would keep them safe if they found themselves bobbing in the waves. It wasn't long before the harsh reality of war dawned with a jolt: 'I have vivid memories of being taken to see the army coming home from Dunkirk. Lorry after lorry of exhausted soldiers, we stood on the dusty roadside and waved, and mum told us never to forget seeing the soldiers coming home. I haven't,' Jennifer later wrote. Jennifer Sleeman at her wedding to Brian Sleeman in 1949. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family Little did she know then that, nine years later, she would marry one of the soldiers who didn't make it home. Her future husband, lieutenant-colonel Richard Brian Sleeman, of the royal sussex regiment, was captured in Dunkirk and spent the war in a prisoner-of-war camp in Germany, along with captain Harry Freeman Jackson, from Mallow in Co Cork. That friendship explained how the couple later ended up in Ireland — Jennifer now thinks of herself as Irish — but we are getting ahead of the story. After the war, in 1949, Jennifer married Brian Sleeman and moved to Berlin where he was secretary to the general of the Allied sector (British, French, and American) in a divided, bombed-out city. Jennifer is looking at her album of photographs explaining the political context because, as she says, her grandchildren don't know that Berlin was divided between the Allies. There are photographs of some of the streets reduced to rubble and while she didn't see the worst of the devastation in the city centre, she met some of the women who were victims of the mass rape perpetrated by Soviets on tens of thousands of German women. Jennifer's uncle, a linguist, had stayed with two women in Berlin before the war and, against advice, she snuck out to visit them. She found them living in a tiny flat and heard that they had been raped by the Russians. 'I felt awfully sorry for them.' She feared for the women's safety and for the young girl who was living with them. At times, she worried for her own safety too. 'I used to feel a bit afraid. What if the Russians just walked in, there was absolutely nothing to stop them coming in from their sector of Berlin,' she says. Damage in post-war Berlin. She lived there with her husband for two years after the war. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family It didn't happen, though, and those post-war years also hold more amusing memories, such as the time the German gardener dug up everything they had planted in their garden and replanted it in rows. For a woman who later spent many happy hours gardening without gloves so that she could feel the dirt under her fingernails, that particular anecdote still sends her into hoots of laughter. 'You couldn't believe that, but it's true,' she says. Berlin is also associated with the happy arrival of the couple's first son, Andrew. Two more sons followed. Duncan was born in South Africa and Paddy in England before the couple acted on captain Freeman-Jackson's invitation to move to Ireland, where they developed a dairy farm, Killuragh Glen, in Killavullen in Cork in the 1950s. Jennifer Sleeman in 1943. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family Three more children arrived, Mary, Katey, and Patricia, and Jennifer Sleeman embraced her new life as mother and dairy farmer, milking cows. 'I loved that. I think I was quite good at it too,' she says. Even now, she looks out the window on these lovely summer mornings and remembers how lovely it was going to get the cows in all those years ago. The conversation continues, going forward and back over Jennifer Sleeman's 'long, happy, busy life', as she describes it. There were hard, sad days too. One of the hardest things, she says, was watching her husband suffer with Alzheimer's disease. She converted to Catholicism in the 1960s after meeting a nice priest. She had also seen the comfort her husband's faith gave him. Jennifer Sleeman skiing in Germany in the 1950s. Photo courtesy of the Sleeman family. Solace for her, however, came later when she was able to talk to another woman, Margaret, whose husband was suffering from Alzheimer's. 'She always said I was such a help to her. Unless you've been there, you cannot understand it.' Unbidden, another memory resurfaces; the time she missed the only bus to Dumfries during the petrol-rationed days of war and was forced to walk the seven miles home in gathering darkness. 'I remember some kind, kind woman — the people you never forget — came on her bicycle. She got off and walked with me. That's the sort of thing you remember forever. You really do.' After her husband died in 1988, Jennifer moved to Clonakilty where she built a house. 'That was interesting because they don't expect women to build houses. I said to the builder, 'If you make a good job, I'll tell everybody. And if you make a bad job, I'll tell everybody too.' Well, you know, he did a good job.' Jennifer Sleeman: 'I don't want them to say she died at such and such an age, rather that she lived until she was that age.' She went on to have several more 'incarnations'. At a time of life when many slow down, she did the opposite and began a new career as a pre-marriage counsellor, using her free travel pass to go around the country giving courses, and later training the trainers. She also got deeply involved in the Fairtrade movement after her daughter Patricia visited Nicaragua in 2001 and saw how much trading based on transparency and respect benefitted local communities. After attending a 'Food We Buy' conference run by North Cork Organic Group, Jennifer started a Fairtrade campaign at her own kitchen table in Clonakilty, with the help of Cionnaith Ó Súilleabháin, of Sinn Féin, Canon Ian Jonas, Church of Ireland minister, and the late Fr Ger Galvin, a Catholic priest. Again, she used her free travel to visit towns and villages all over the country to encourage support for farmers in the developing world, and to raise awareness of the devastating effects of climate change. In 2007, she was named the Cork Environmental Forum Outstanding Individual for her work. On a personal level, she got immense pleasure from the natural environment and worked in her own garden into her late 80s. Jennifer Sleeman has a gentle, disarming pragmatism that runs through all of her conversations on the subject of death. The oak trees growing in it tell a poignant story about the lasting scars of war. Jennifer lost a cousin and two uncles in the Second World War. One of them, her uncle John, was shot down over the Netherlands, and many years later she visited his burial place in Velp with her sister Alix. 'I picked up sprouting acorns on the path outside the graveyard and hid them at the bottom of my bag. They are now the oak trees growing in my garden in Clonakilty and to my delight I have found that they have had 'babies', little saplings which have an interesting history.' Speaking of interesting histories, we have only scratched the surface of the life of a woman who has seen and done so much. She says the width of life is more important than the length but she has clearly had both in hers, even if she doesn't always see the point in talking about it: 'How can you listen to me yapping on?' With the greatest pleasure and ease, though we are sadly running out of space. I ask for a piece of advice she might have given her younger self: 'Don't be afraid to speak up and do what you want to do in life.'

Pope Leo, in first month, makes a break in style from Francis
Pope Leo, in first month, makes a break in style from Francis

RTÉ News​

time4 days ago

  • RTÉ News​

Pope Leo, in first month, makes a break in style from Francis

In his first month, Pope Leo XIV has taken a very different approach to his predecessor Francis. Leo, the former Cardinal Robert Prevost, has led some two dozen public events since he was elected as the first US pope on 8 May but not made notable appointments, nor announced plans for foreign trips, nor said where he will live at the Vatican. It's a stark contrast to when Francis, originally from Argentina, was selected as the first pope from the Americas in March 2013. Within a month, Francis had announced he would be the first pontiff in more than a century to live outside the Vatican's apostolic palace, appointed his successor as Archbishop of Buenos Aires and created a new formal advisory group of senior Catholic cardinals. Two of Leo's long-time associates said they expect the 69-year-old Pope to take a deliberative approach to the challenges facing the Catholic Church and may require months before making major decisions. "Leo is taking his time," Rev Mark Francis, a friend of the new pontiff since the 1970s, said. "While he is going to continue in the path indicated by Pope Francis, his disposition is very different." Leo was first appointed a bishop by Francis in 2015 and then chosen by the late pope to take up a senior Vatican role two years ago. He has frequently praised his predecessor in his first weeks. He has also repeated some of Francis' main themes, and has echoed the Argentine pontiff's emotional appeals for an end to the wars in Gaza and Ukraine. But the two men have different temperaments, according to Rev Francis, who attended seminary with Leo in Chicago and later knew him when they both lived in Rome in the 2000s. "Leo is much more focused and methodical and not inclined to hasty decisions," he said. Among the challenges facing the American pope is the Vatican's €83 million budget shortfall, which Reuters reported in February had stirred contention among senior cardinals under his predecessor. Other looming issues facing the 1.4 billion-member Church include declining adherence to the faith in Europe, ongoing revelations of clerical sexual abuse, and doctrinal debates over matters such as inclusion of LGBT Catholics and the possibility of women's ordination. Francis, who sought to modernise the Church, did not formally change many doctrines but garnered criticism from conservative cardinals by opening the door to communion for divorcees and blessings for same-sex couples. Rev Anthony Pizzo, who has known Leo since 1974 when they attended Villanova University outside Philadelphia together, said the pope is someone who listens carefully and seeks to hear many viewpoints before making decisions. "This is going to be his modus operandi," said Rev Pizzo, who leads the Midwest US province of the Augustinian religious order, to which Leo also belongs. "When you first come into leadership, listen well, get to know your constituency … to make a well-informed decision," he added, describing the pope's thought process. A 'shy' listener Francis and Leo came to the papacy at different ages and with different career backgrounds. Francis, elected at age 76, had been a cardinal for 12 years before ascending to the papacy. He had earlier been a leading contender in the 2005 conclave that elected his predecessor, Pope Benedict XVI. Leo, seven years younger when he donned the white papal cassock, is a relative unknown on the world stage who only became a cardinal and Vatican official two years ago. He spent most of his prior career as a missionary in Peru. Early in his tenure, Francis told journalists that, due to his age, he expected to have a brief papacy of only a few years. Leo, the youngest pontiff since John Paul II was elected at age 58 in 1978, can perhaps expect a papacy of ten or more years. Among the challenges facing the new pope is the Vatican budget shortfall and the city-state also has a much larger gap in its pension fund, said to total some €631m by the Vatican's finance czar in 2022 but estimated by several insiders to have since ballooned significantly. In his first weeks, Leo has not addressed the budget issues and has made only a few new appointments to Vatican roles. But he has held formal one-on-one meetings with many senior Vatican officials, which Rev Pizzo suggested the pope could be using to try to learn quickly. Rev Jorge Martinez Vizueta, who knew Leo in Peru, said he is someone who pays close attention to what people tell him. "He listens a lot, even with a certain shyness," said Rev Martinez, an Augustinian at a monastery where Leo previously was a spiritual advisor. Although Leo has not announced where he will live, more than three informed sources said he is expected to move into the official papal apartments in the Vatican's apostolic palace overlooking St Peter's Square. Francis shunned the palace in favour of a Vatican hotel. One senior source, who asked not to be identified, said the papal apartments, which have not been lived in since 2013, will require at least two to three months of renovations. Careful with responses While Francis made some big decisions quickly in his first month, he also took time on other issues. He did not make his first trip abroad until late July 2013, four months into his papacy. Leo's first foreign trip is likely to be to Turkey, to celebrate the 1,700th anniversary of an early Church council with Patriarch Bartholomew, the spiritual leader of the Eastern Orthodox Church. The Vatican has not announced the trip, but it was previously planned for Francis. Bartholomew told an Italian television station that he and Leo discussed the possibility of the new pope travelling to Turkey in late November. Francis, who often spoke off the cuff, was known for giving freewheeling news conferences on flights home from his trips abroad and frequently responded to queries with an unexpected quip. Asked during his first flight home about a Vatican official said to be gay, Francis famously responded: "If a person is gay and seeks God and has good will, who am I to judge him?" Rev Francis said Leo, who in his first month has largely read from prepared texts, is likely to be more careful with his responses during news conferences. "He won't be shooting from the hip like Francis did while speaking with journalists," he said.

Who is Karol Nawrocki, the Trump-inspired Polish president-elect?
Who is Karol Nawrocki, the Trump-inspired Polish president-elect?

The Journal

time4 days ago

  • The Journal

Who is Karol Nawrocki, the Trump-inspired Polish president-elect?

NATIONALIST OPPOSITION CANDIDATE Karol Nawrocki narrowly secured a victory in Poland's presidential election. The 42-year-old nationalist was congratulated by US President Donald Trump following his win. 'TRUMP ALLY WINS IN POLAND, SHOCKING ALL IN EUROPE,' Trump wrote on his Truth Social platform. 'Congratulations Poland, you picked a WINNER!' Nawrocki and his supporting party Law and Justice (PiS) have vowed to strengthen ties with Trump and the US. Nawrocki, a conservative politician, defeated the centrist Mayor of Warsaw Rafal Trzaskowski with a vote of 51% to his opponent's 49%. Trzaskowski ran with the support of the country's Prime Minister Donald Tusk. The Eurosceptic president-elect is likely to use his position to hinder the implementation of Tusk's liberal policies. Nawrocki is an outspoken critic of Tusk's agenda on abortion and LGBTQ+ rights. Who is Karol Nawrocki? Alamy Stock Photo Alamy Stock Photo Nawrocki is a historian with a PhD in the area of anticommunist opposition in Poland. He is an independent politician but is supported by PiS. PiS were in government for eight years – until the election 18 months ago that saw the party replaced by Tusk's centrist Civic Platform coalition. Advertisement Nawrocki is the head of the Institute of National Remembrance (IPN). The IPN is an organisation tasked with investigating and prosecuting Nazi and communist crimes between 1917 and 1980. During the presidential campaign, Nawrocki's critics questioned his role at the IPN as he had unique access to state secrets. He also served as the director of the Museum of the Second World War in Gdańsk from 2017 until 2021. Nawrocki supports the close relationship between the Catholic Church and state, and the criminalisation of abortion. He is opposed to the legalisation of same-sex marriage and Poland's adopting of the Euro as its currency. Identified as a right-wing populist and a vehement opposer of Prime Minister Donald Tusk, Nawrocki will succeed incumbent Andrzej Duda, also from PiS. PiS leader Jaroslaw Kaczynski said that Sunday's election result was a 'red card' for the government. Nawrocki is a former boxer and has authored and co-authored numerous books. In 2018, an unknown author Tadeusz Batyr published a book documenting the life of a gangster from 1980s communist Poland. Appearing on TV to promote the book, wearing a hat with his face blurred, the author claimed he was 'really inspired' by historian Karol Nawrocki. It emerged during the presidential campaign that 'Tadeusz Batyr' was a pseudonym for Nawrocki, and he was praising himself. Facing ridicule, Nawrocki said that literary pseudonyms 'are nothing new' and that he was the only historian in Poland 'who had the courage to study organised crime'. Today, Tusk said a parliamentary confidence vote to demonstrate support for his pro-EU camp after its election loss will be held on 11 June. 'The vote of confidence in the government will take place on Wednesday, June 11,' Tusk told reporters before a cabinet meeting. Readers like you are keeping these stories free for everyone... A mix of advertising and supporting contributions helps keep paywalls away from valuable information like this article. Over 5,000 readers like you have already stepped up and support us with a monthly payment or a once-off donation. Learn More Support The Journal

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