Study directly compares Zepbound and Wegovy for weight-loss results
Weight-loss medications continue to grow in popularity as an anti-obesity tool — but are some more effective than others?
The question was explored in a new study published this month in The New England Journal of Medicine.
Researchers compared the safety and efficacy of tirzepatide (brand name Zepbound) and semaglutide (brand name Wegovy) in a 72-week clinical trial.
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The randomized, controlled trial — called SURMOUNT-5 — included 751 people throughout the U.S. and Puerto Rico who had obesity but not type 2 diabetes.
"Doctors, insurance companies and patients are always asking, 'Which drug is more effective?'" said Dr. Louis Aronne, director of the Comprehensive Weight Control Center and the Sanford I. Weill Professor of Metabolic Research at Weill Cornell Medicine, in the release. "This study allowed us to do a direct comparison."
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"The results are consistent with — in fact, almost identical to — what we've seen in trials in which these drugs were evaluated independently," added Aronne, who was a principal investigator in the trial.
The study found that tirzepatide achieved greater weight loss, with participants shedding about 50 pounds (20.2% of their body weight).
The group taking semaglutide lost an average of 33 pounds or 13.7% of their baseline weight, according to a press release summarizing the study outcome.
Overall, 32% of the people taking tirzepatide lost at least 25% of their body weight; semaglutide users lost around 16%.
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Tirzepatide users also reported a "greater reduction in waist circumference" than those on semaglutide.
The likely reason for tirzepatide's greater effectiveness is that it uses a "dual mechanism of action," according to Aronne.
"Whereas semaglutide works by activating receptors for a hormone called glucagon-like peptide 1, or GLP-1, tirzepatide mimics not only GLP-1, but also an additional hormone, glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP)," the release stated.
"Together, these actions reduce hunger, lower blood-glucose levels and affect fat cell metabolism."
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Additional trials are actively exploring whether tirzepatide also reduces the risk of heart attack and stroke, a benefit that has been linked to semaglutide.
The study was led by an investigator at Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian. It was also conducted with the University of Texas McGovern Medical School, the David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles, the University College Dublin and Eli Lilly (maker of Zepbound).
The participants all received guidance regarding nutrition and exercise.
The reported side effects were very similar for the two drugs, with 44% of people experiencing nausea and 25% having abdominal pain.
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Dr. Ada Londono, M.D., a board-certified obesity and internal medicine primary care physician with PlushCare — a virtual health platform offering primary care, therapy and weight management services — said she was not surprised by the study's findings.
"The results are consistent with prior trials, confirming tirzepatide's advantage over semaglutide's single GLP-1 action," Londono, who is based in New York City, told Fox News Digital.
Beyond weight loss, semaglutide has also shown potential benefits for cardiovascular health, sleep apnea and kidney disease, she noted.
"These findings highlight the need for continued research to understand tirzepatide's broader health impacts," she said. "It's encouraging to see ongoing studies exploring the full potential of GLP-1 medications beyond weight management."
Londono said these treatments can come with side effects.
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"Most people on these medications only report mild symptoms, but some have experienced more serious reactions, such as pancreatitis," she told Fox News Digital.
"This underscores the importance of reviewing your medical history and discussing any concerns with your healthcare provider."
The study did have some limitations — chiefly that it was not a blinded analysis and participants knew which medication they were receiving. This could introduce some level of bias, the researchers acknowledged.
Londono pointed out that while the study's findings are "promising," it was funded by Eli Lilly, the manufacturer of Zepbound.
"This may raise questions about potential conflicts of interest," she said. "Additionally, the open-label design and 72-week duration may limit objectivity and long-term insight."
While the study primarily looked at the impact of the medications, experts agreed there are other factors that play a role in successful weight management.
"Weight loss is biological, but it's also emotional, and whole-person support can make the difference between short-term results and sustainable health," Dr. Rekha Kumar, chief medical officer at the weight care program Found and a practicing endocrinologist in New York City, told Fox News Digital.
Kumar emphasized the importance of working with a physician to choose a weight-loss medication that matches the patient's personal goals and health status.
"For example, if a patient has fatty liver, we will choose the GLP-1 that is proven to work best for liver disease," she said.
Looking ahead, the researchers plan to investigate new versions of weight-loss drugs, including retatrutide, which mimics the hormones GLP-1, GIP and glucagon, according to the release.
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"Even though drugs like tirzepatide and semaglutide work really well, better than anything we have ever seen, we still have people who don't respond to them," said Aronne.
"So, moving forward, we want to keep trying to do better."
A spokesperson from Novo Nordisk, the company that makes Wegovy (semaglutide), sent a statement to Fox News Digital.
"Across the respective clinical trial programs and in SURMOUNT-5, both Wegovy and Zepbound have demonstrated clinically significant weight reduction," the company said. "It is important to recognize that the comprehensive management of obesity goes beyond weight reduction alone."
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The spokesperson also pointed out that in a previous trial, adults who were obese or overweight and who took Wegovy along with diet and exercise lost an average of 15.2% of their weight (~35 pounds) at the two-year mark, compared with 2.6% (~6 pounds) for patients taking a placebo.Original article source: Study directly compares Zepbound and Wegovy for weight-loss results
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About Metastatic Castration-Sensitive Prostate Cancer Prostate cancer is the second most common cancer in men and the fifth most common cause of cancer death in men worldwide.3 In 2020, an estimated 1.4 million men worldwide were diagnosed with prostate cancer, including nearly 300,000 men in the U.S., and nearly 375,000 men died from the disease worldwide.4,5 At the time of diagnosis, most men have localized prostate cancer, in which their cancer is confined to the prostate gland and can be treated with curative surgery or radiotherapy. Upon relapse when the disease will metastasize or spread, androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is the cornerstone of treatment for this castration-sensitive, or hormone-sensitive, disease. Approximately 10% of men will already present with metastatic castration-sensitive prostate cancer (mCSPC), also known as metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC), when first diagnosed.8,9,10 Men with mCSPC will start their treatment with hormone therapy, such as ADT, an androgen receptor inhibitor (ARi) plus ADT, or a combination of the chemotherapy docetaxel and ADT. Despite this treatment, most men with mCSPC will eventually progress to castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), which is associated with limited survival.11,12 About Oncology at Bayer Bayer is committed to delivering science for a better life by advancing a portfolio of innovative treatments. The oncology franchise at Bayer includes six marketed products and several other assets in various stages of clinical development. Together, these products reflect the company's approach to research, which prioritizes targets and pathways with the potential to impact the way that cancer is treated. About Bayer Bayer is a global enterprise with core competencies in the life science fields of health care and nutrition. In line with its mission, "Health for all, Hunger for none," the company's products and services are designed to help people and the planet thrive by supporting efforts to master the major challenges presented by a growing and aging global population. Bayer is committed to driving sustainable development and generating a positive impact with its businesses. At the same time, the Group aims to increase its earning power and create value through innovation and growth. The Bayer brand stands for trust, reliability and quality throughout the world. In fiscal 2023, the Group employed around 100,000 people and had sales of 47.6 billion euros. R&D expenses before special items amounted to 5.8 billion euros. For more information, go to © 2025 BayerBAYER, the Bayer Cross and NUBEQA are registered trademarks of Bayer. Find more information at Our online press service is just a click away: Follow us on Facebook: Follow us on X: Forward-Looking Statements This release may contain forward-looking statements based on current assumptions and forecasts made by Bayer management. Various known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors could lead to material differences between the actual future results, financial situation, development or performance of the company and the estimates given here. These factors include those discussed in Bayer's public reports, which are available on the Bayer website at The company assumes no liability whatsoever to update these forward-looking statements or to conform them to future events or developments. References Saad F, et al. Darolutamide in combination with androgen-deprivation therapy in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer from the Phase III ARANOTE trial. J Clin Onc. 2024;42(36):4271-4281. NUBEQA® (darolutamide) [Prescribing Information]. Whippany, NJ: Bayer HealthCare Pharmaceuticals, Inc.; June 2025. Bray F, et al. Global cancer statistics 2022: GLOBOCAN estimates of incidence and mortality worldwide for 36 cancers in 185 countries. Accessed June 2025. Prostate Cancer: Statistics. Accessed June 2025. American Cancer Society. Cancer Facts & Figures 2024. Accessed June 2025. James ND, et al. The Lancet Commission on prostate cancer: planning for the surge in cases. Lancet. 2024;403:1683-1722. NCT04736199. Darolutamide in Addition to ADT Versus ADT in Metastatic Hormone-sensitive Prostate Cancer (ARANOTE). Accessed June 2025. Piombino C, et al. De novo metastatic prostate cancer: are we moving toward a personalized treatment? Cancers (Basel). 2023;15(20):4945. Helgstrand JT, et al. Trends in incidence and 5-year mortality in men with newly diagnosed, metastatic prostate cancer - A population-based analysis of 2 national cohorts. Cancer. 2018;124(14):2931-2938. Buzzoni C, et al. Metastatic prostate cancer incidence and prostate-specific antigen testing: new insights from the European Randomized Study of Screening for Prostate Cancer. Eur Urol. 2015;68:885-890. Siegel DA, et al. Prostate cancer incidence and survival, by stage and race/ethnicity - United States, 2001-2017. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69:1473-1480. Hahn AW, et al. Metastatic castration sensitive prostate cancer: optimizing patient selection and treatment. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book. 2018;23;38:363-371. View source version on Contacts Media: Polina Miklush, Tel +1 862.431.8817Email: Error in retrieving data Sign in to access your portfolio Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data Error in retrieving data
