
CJCSC attends IDEF-2025
On the sidelines, the CJCSC held separate meetings with General (Retd) Yasar Guler, Minister of National Defence of Turkiye, Colonel General Hasanov Zakir Asgar Oglu, Minister of Defence of Azerbaijan, Gurbanov Agil Salim Oglu, Deputy Minister of Defence Azerbaijan and General Metin Gurak, Chief of Turkish General Staff, said a news release issued by Inter Services Public Relations (ISPR) here Wednesday.
Discussions were held on variety of issues of bilateral military cooperation with emphasis on importance of expanding cooperation in the fields of defence and security.
The dignitaries reaffirmed their shared commitment to deepening strategic partnerships and enhancing defence corporation in line with dictates of future geo-strategic environment and technological advancements.
The dignitaries praised the professionalism, operational excellence, and sacrifices of the Pakistan Armed Forces in the fight against terrorism, recognizing their significant contributions to regional and global peace and stability.
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Business Recorder
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Virtual assets adoption: Govt holds key meeting with banks, exchange firms
KARACHI: The federal government has accelerated its efforts for virtual asset adoption, holding a high-level meeting in Islamabad on Tuesday to engage banks and exchange companies with the emerging regulatory framework. Sources told Business Recorder that a joint meeting of the exchange companies, bank's exchange companies and gem and jewellery representatives was conducted to brief the development related to crypto currency and virtual assets in Pakistan. The meeting was chaired by SBP Governor Jameel Ahmed and attended by CEO of the Pakistan Crypto Council (PCC) Bilal bin Saqib, who also serves as the Special Assistant to the Prime Minister (SAPM) on blockchain and cryptocurrency. Aimed at embracing emerging digital currencies in alignment with global developments, in February, the Ministry of Finance announced the formation of a 'Pakistan Crypto Council' and Bilal bin Saqib was appointed CEO. Later, on July 9, 2025, the federal government announced the formal approval of the 'Virtual Assets Act, 2025,' following endorsements from the Federal Cabinet, the Prime Minister, and the President of Pakistan. Pakistan establishes Digital Assets Authority to regulate crypto, blockchain Virtual Assets Act, 2025 establishes the Pakistan Virtual Asset Regulatory Authority (PVARA), an autonomous federal body empowered to license, regulate, and supervise entities dealing in virtual assets. The Authority has been granted comprehensive powers to ensure transparency, compliance, financial integrity, and the prevention of illicit activities, in alignment with international standards including those of the Financial Action Task Force (FATF). During the meeting, Bilal Bin Saqib delivered a detailed presentation on cryptocurrency legalization in Pakistan, highlighting that a significant number of Pakistanis are already investing in digital assets. He urged representatives of exchange companies, banks, and the jewellery sector to support this important initiative, stating that Pakistan, in consultation with all stakeholders, has all set for digital asset adoption and economic modernization in line with international best practices. He described it as a game-changing move for the country and emphasized the need to support the government, noting that it will ultimately benefit Pakistan. Industry sources revealed during the meeting, exchange companies and banks were informed that they would be granted licenses to operate in the cryptocurrency sector. It may be mentioned here that central banks around the world are actively exploring the potential use and implementation of digital currencies. SBP is also working on the same patron and SBP Governor Jameel Ahmad, earlier this month in an international conference revealed that the SBP is preparing to launch a pilot project for a digital currency and is finalizing legislation to regulate virtual assets. Copyright Business Recorder, 2025


Business Recorder
6 days ago
- Business Recorder
GENIUS Act, 2025 versus VAO, 2025
The global proliferation of crypto and virtual assets has triggered an urgent regulatory response across jurisdictions. The ability of digital assets to democratize finance and fuel innovation is matched only by the risks they pose in the hands of bad actors, including money launderers, terrorist financiers, and unregulated entities. Against this backdrop, legislative efforts in the United States and other regions have focused on a dual goal, fostering innovation while protecting consumer interests and financial stability. The United States' recently enacted Guiding and Establishing National Innovation for US Stablecoins Act, commonly referred to as the Genius Act, 2025 ['the Act'], is emblematic of this delicate balancing act. As Pakistan begins its regulatory path with the Virtual Assets Ordinance, 2025 [VAO, 2025], it is important to adopt a comparative perspective. The Act, signed into law in July, is a significant piece of legislation establishing a robust federal framework for issuance and oversight of payment stablecoins. At its core, the Act delineates a categorical distinction between 'permitted payment stablecoin issuers' and all other actors, mandating that only federally or state-qualified issuers are legally allowed to issue stablecoins in the United States. The Act explicitly prohibits issuance or sale of stablecoins by non-permitted entities after a three-year transition period, thereby closing the door on regulatory arbitrage and unlicensed operations. The legislative architecture of the Act places enormous emphasis on prudential regulation. The Act mandates a 1:1 reserve backing for all issued stablecoins, allowing only specific high-quality liquid assets such as treasury bills, insured deposits, and overnight repurchase agreements. Rehypothecation of reserves is strictly prohibited, and issuers must maintain monthly disclosures verified by registered public accounting firms. Moreover, stablecoin issuers are bound by strict anti-money laundering (AML), sanctions compliance, and customer due diligence obligations under the Bank Secrecy Act. These standards position stablecoins more akin to bank-issued financial products than unregulated digital tokens. The Act further carves out the scope of permissible activities for issuers, limiting their operations to issuance, redemption, and reserve management, and explicitly prohibits offering interest or yield on stablecoins. This restriction is aimed at preventing the emergence of quasi-banking entities and ensuring that stablecoins are used solely for payments and settlements. Furthermore, the Act establishes a rigorous vetting process for public companies seeking to issue stablecoins, particularly those not primarily engaged in financial services, thereby safeguarding integrity of the financial system from commercial exploitation of user data and behavioral analytics. A unique feature of the Act is its embrace of federal-state dualism. State-qualified issuers are permitted, provided their regulatory frameworks are substantially like the federal regime. The Stablecoin Certification Review Committee, comprising top federal financial authorities, oversees certification and annual recertification of state regimes. This structure balances federal uniformity with state innovation, fostering a harmonized yet flexible regulatory environment. On the contrary, jurisdictions like the European Union (EU) and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) have taken parallel, yet distinct, regulatory approaches. EU's Market in Crypto-Assets (MiCA) Regulation is comprehensive, covering a broad spectrum of crypto assets including utility tokens, asset-referenced tokens, and e-money tokens. Unlike the Act's laser focus on stablecoins, MiCA provides a pan-European licensing regime and subjects issuers to capitalization, governance, and whitepaper disclosure requirements. Meanwhile, UAE's Virtual Assets Regulatory Authority (VARA) in Dubai offers a layered licensing model, emphasizing operational segregation, cybersecurity, and real-time audit requirements. VARA's risk-based approach is technologically agile and emphasizes regulatory sandboxes to foster innovation. Additionally, MiCA and VARA address the same foundational concerns, consumer protection, market integrity, and financial stability, but they adopt divergent tactics. MiCA leans toward harmonization and centralized oversight via the European Securities and Markets Authority (ESMA), whereas VARA champions bespoke compliance, dynamic risk scoring, and modular regulation. The Genius Act, on the contrary, injects a strong banking ethos into the crypto realm, creating a regulatory perimeter that closely mirrors traditional financial institutions. Turning to Pakistan's VAO, 2025, one finds a nascent but ambitious attempt at entering the regulated crypto economy. The Ordinance establishes a dedicated regulatory authority with powers to license, supervise, and sanction Virtual Asset Service Providers (VASPs). It introduces registration requirements, capital adequacy norms, and fit-and-proper criteria for directors and senior management. Like the Act, the VAO, 2025 mandates AML compliance and allows for enforcement actions against non-compliant actors. However, its scope is broader in defining 'virtual assets', encompassing not just stablecoins but all forms of digital tokens. Despite its breadth, the VAO, 2025 suffers from operational and structural deficiencies. Unlike the Act, which delineates the exact composition of permissible reserves, redemption procedures, and auditing norms, Pakistan's framework remains vague on critical prudential aspects. There is no explicit requirement for 1:1 reserve backing or a monthly third-party audit. Moreover, the VAO, 2025 lacks a clearly defined licensing pipeline with timelines, appeal mechanisms, or transparency in decision-making. The Act, on the contrary, stipulates defined review periods, hearing rights, and judicial recourse, making it procedurally robust and constitutionally sound. Another fundamental shortfall in VAO, 2025 is the absence of tiered regulatory pathways for different scales or types of VASPs. The Act allows for a threshold-based transition to federal oversight when stablecoin issuance surpasses US$10 billion, preserving scalability and regulatory proportionality. In Pakistan's case, theVAO, 2025 does not differentiate between fintech startups and large-scale platforms, thereby imposing a one-size-fits-all compliance burden that could stifle innovation. From a critical standpoint, while the Act advances the regulatory frontier by establishing clear lines of authority, prudential discipline, and enforcement tools, it also leans heavily toward centralization. The exclusion of non-permitted entities, prohibition of interest-bearing features, and constraints on product design might overturn the growth of DeFi applications and algorithmic stablecoins. The Act, in essence, privileges safety over innovation, a trade-off that may not sit well with proponents of crypto-native decentralization. However, the VAO, 2025 reflects an intent to integrate into the global regulatory fabric, but lacks the depth and precision necessary for effective enforcement and industry confidence. Absence of granular compliance obligations, definitional clarity, and regulatory sandboxes indicates a policy framework still in its formative stage. Without substantive revisions, the Ordinance risks being perceived as an aspirational document rather than an enforceable regulatory instrument. To enhance its standing as a crypto-friendly jurisdiction, Pakistan must pivot toward a more standardized and dynamic regulatory architecture. This includes codifying explicit reserve management protocols, enabling tiered licensing models, establishing sandbox environments for innovation testing, and ensuring alignment with Financial Action Task Force (FATF) standards on virtual assets. Pakistan should also consider bilateral cooperation with regulatory authorities in advanced jurisdictions to foster knowledge sharing and cross-border compliance harmonization. Only through such comprehensive reforms can Pakistan transform its VAO, 2025 into a credible, innovation-friendly, and enforcement-ready framework that attracts investment, safeguards consumers, and fortifies financial integrity in the digital asset space. (Huzaima Bukhari & Dr Ikramul Haq, lawyers and partners of Huzaima & Ikram, are Adjunct Faculty at Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), members Advisory Board and Visiting Senior Fellows of Pakistan Institute of Development Economics (PIDE) and Abdul Rauf Shakoori is a corporate lawyer) Copyright Business Recorder, 2025


Business Recorder
6 days ago
- Business Recorder
Asia Cup decision expected soon as ACC chief Naqvi confirms ongoing talks with India
Asian Cricket Council (ACC) President Mohsin Naqvi said on Thursday that discussions with the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI) are ongoing and expressed confidence that all matters related to the 2025 Asia Cup will be resolved soon. Speaking to the media following the conclusion of the ACC's Annual General Meeting in Dhaka, Naqvi thanked all 25 member nations for their participation and praised the Bangladesh Cricket Board (BCB) for hosting the event. 'These two days were truly memorable. The environment was positive and constructive. No one wants politics; we are all here to work for cricket,' Naqvi said. 'A decision regarding the Asia Cup will be made soon. It's a team effort, and we will continue to hold such meetings.' While the format and venue for the 2025 Asia Cup have not yet been officially confirmed, sources suggest the tournament is likely to go ahead in September as scheduled, with the United Arab Emirates emerging as a potential neutral host. The Asia Cup is expected to be held in the T20 format as a build-up to the ICC Men's T20 World Cup in early 2026. BCCI attends ACC meeting virtually amid tensions In a significant late development, the BCCI chose to participate in the ACC Annual General Meeting virtually, reversing its earlier position amid ongoing political tensions in the region. Indian media had previously reported that the board might skip the meeting due to strained diplomatic ties with Bangladesh and Pakistan. The meeting, chaired by ACC chief and Pakistan Cricket Board (PCB) Chairman Mohsin Naqvi, was held at a Dhaka hotel and began at 1pm Pakistan Standard Time. According to ACC officials, all of the council's 25 members confirmed their participation, with several, including India, Sri Lanka, and Afghanistan, joining via video link. India currently holds the official hosting rights for the 2025 edition of the Asia Cup. However, given the sensitivities involved, particularly following heightened military tensions between India and Pakistan in May, hosting the event in the UAE has been floated as a compromise. The Indian media even reported last month that the board had decided to pull out of the tournament - a rumour soon rejected by the BCCI officials. Both the BCCI and PCB have historically opposed playing bilateral matches on each other's soil, leading to last year's Asia Cup being played under a hybrid model. That precedent may inform the final decision for this year's tournament. Naqvi acknowledged the challenges of coordinating attendance for such high-level meetings, noting, 'Some couldn't travel to Dhaka due to scheduling issues, just like I couldn't go to Singapore once. The important thing is, all members were present and engaged.' He added that discussions with the Bangladesh board on other cricket-related matters were also ongoing and 'fruitful.' An official announcement regarding the 2025 Asia Cup is expected in the coming days.