‘Zero shadow' to hit Bengaluru on April 24
Bengaluru: At exactly 12.17 PM on April 24, when the sun is directly overhead, Bengaluru will experience the 'zero shadow' phenomenon, according to scientists at the Indian Institute of Astrophysics (IIA). Niruj Mohan Ramanujam, Head of IIA's Science Communication, Public Outreach, and Education (SCOPE) section, said that during this event, the sun reaches its zenith, causing vertical objects to cast no visible shadows as they fall directly beneath them.
All locations in India situated below the Tropic of Cancer—including Bengaluru, Chennai, and Mangaluru—experience Zero Shadow Day, Ramanujam told PTI. In Bengaluru, this occurs typically around April 24–25 and again on August 18, he added. Zero Shadow Day will reach the Tropic of Cancer on June 21, the summer solstice and the end of Uttarayana—the sun's northward journey in the Hindu calendar, Ramanujam further said.
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NDTV
9 hours ago
- NDTV
Indian Astronaut's 'Swan' Soft Toy And A Goddess Saraswati Connection
New Delhi: When the Falcon-9 rocket lifts off from Florida's Kennedy Space Centre on June 10, it will carry more than four astronauts and research gear into low Earth orbit. With them will be a small, cuddly, soft toy - a swan. At a pre-flight virtual press conference, the Axiom-4 crew unveiled the mission's zero-gravity indicator, a traditional token carried onboard by astronauts to visually signal the moment the spacecraft reaches orbit and enters weightlessness. This time, the indicator is a swan doll named 'Joy'. It broadly represents the vehicle on which the Hindu goddess of knowledge, Saraswati, travels. Joy is white in colour like a swan and has a black and yellow beak and is the size of one's palm. Each member of the four-person international crew contributed to selecting the swan as a unifying cultural symbol. For Group Captain Shukla, it carries deep religious and philosophical significance. "Swan is believed to have the rare ability to separate milk from water, representing purity, wisdom and grace. Carrying this symbol reminds me of the delicate balance between knowledge and pressure, and it keeps me grounded in the values I hold dear. I feel inspired, fully prepared and confident as I embark on this journey," Mr Shukla said. Astronaut Peggy Whitson, the Commander of the Axiom Mission which is also referred to as Mission Akash Ganga said, "The doll will float freely inside the SpaceX Crew Dragon capsule as a marker of microgravity for cameras and the crew. More than just a companion, Joy will signal our arrival in microgravity shortly after launch. Joy represents the shared aspirations of three nations united in their return to human space flight. The swan is rich in cultural symbolism, stands for wisdom in India, resilience in Poland, and grace in Hungary. Through Joy, we'll celebrate our diversity and our unity in the shared journey of space exploration." "I call upon every 'Bharatvasi' to join us, participate, engage and dream boldly about the future," Group Captain Shukla said at a press conference. The Axiom-4 mission was originally scheduled for launch on May 29. It was subsequently rescheduled to June 8 and is now confirmed for June 10 at 5:52 pm IST. Axiom Space confirmed the new schedule during the virtual media briefing, citing readiness of the rocket being delayed due to weather conditions. The mission, operated by Texas-based Axiom Space in partnership with SpaceX and NASA, will transport four astronauts, Mission Commander Peggy Whitson (US), Mission Pilot Shubhanshu Shukla (India), and mission specialists Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski (Poland) and Tibor Kapu (Hungary) to the International Space Station (ISS) for a two-week stay. Group Captain Shukla becomes only the second Indian to fly into space, 41 years after Rakesh Sharma's 1984 mission aboard the Soviet Soyuz T-11. He also becomes the first Indian citizen to participate in an international, commercially funded human spaceflight mission involving scientific experiments co-developed with multiple Indian agencies. For Poland and Hungary, the flight marks the first time either nation has sent an astronaut to the ISS.
Time of India
28-05-2025
- Time of India
Cobra vs. Python: Which one is more dangerous according to the key traits and characteristics
Cobras and pythons are two of the most well-known and fascinating snakes in the world, but they are very different from each other. Cobras are venomous snakes which are famous for their deadly bite, while pythons are large, non-venomous muscle squeezers that eat food by squeezing and killing their prey. Both snakes have unique features and behaviors that make them powerful know which one is more dangerous and what characteristics and traits make them different from each other. Difference between cobra and python Aspect Cobras Pythons Physical Differences Slimmer bodies, distinctive hood to spread when threatened, smooth scales, average length ~6 ft (some longer) Thicker, heavier, muscular bodies, patterned skin for camouflage, no hood, lengths from 10 to 20+ feet Habitat Forests, grasslands, near human settlements; warm climates; hide under rocks, bushes, burrows Forests, swamps, grasslands; often near water bodies like rivers and lakes; require more cover due to size Behavior Defensive, sometimes aggressive; hood spreading and hissing to intimidate; uses venom for hunting Secretive, less aggressive; relies on camouflage and stealth; kills by constriction rather than venom Hunting and Diet Venomous; quick strikes to kill prey quickly and safely Non-venomous constrictors; ambush prey and squeeze until suffocated; eat mammals, birds, reptiles, larger prey Danger to Humans Venomous bites can be deadly; nervous system effects like paralysis; feared near human settlements Not venomous but large size and strength can be dangerous; rare attacks by constriction Defense Mechanism Hood spreading, body raising, loud hissing, venomous strike Camouflage, staying still, hissing, coiling to prepare for strike or constriction if threatened Speed Faster and more agile; quick strikes; slender body aids swift movement Slower, rely on patience and ambush; capable of short bursts but not built for speed Reproduction Lay eggs; females often guard eggs for 50-60 days Lay eggs; females coil around eggs for warmth and protection for ~60 days; can shiver to generate heat Lifespan Typically 15-20 years in the wild; varies with environment and threats Often 20-30 years in the wild; up to 40+ years in captivity; larger size and slower metabolism contribute Cultural Significance Symbol of power, protection, and mystery in India and South East Asia; associated with Hindu gods; used in art and festivals Appear in folklore in Africa, Asia, Australia; seen as powerful creatures or protectors of the land Conservation Status Threatened by habitat loss, hunting, illegal trade; some legally protected but populations declining Threatened by hunting, habitat destruction; some species listed as vulnerable or near threatened How cobra and python differs Physical differences Cobras and pythons look very different from each other. Cobras are usually slimmer and have a distinctive hood with a flap of skin they can spread out when they feel threatened which makes them look bigger and more intimidating. They have smooth scales and can grow to about 6 feet long on average, though some species can be longer. Pythons, on the other hand, are much thicker and heavier, often reaching lengths of 10 to 20 feet or more. They have muscular bodies built for constricting prey and usually have patterned skin that helps them blend into their environment. Unlike cobras, pythons do not have a hood. Habitat Cobras and pythons live in different kinds of places. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like サントリーロコモアが５,９４０→１,０８０円で試せる ロコモア Undo Cobras are found in a variety of environments, including forests,grasslands, and even near human settlements. They prefer warm climates and often live in areas where they can hide easily, such as under rocks, in bushes or in burrows. Pythons usually live in forests, swamps and grasslands and they are often found near water like rivers or lakes because they are good swimmers. Both snakes adapt well to their environments, but pythons generally need more cover because of their large size. Behaviour Cobras are known for their defensive and sometimes aggressive behavior. When threatened, they raise the front part of their bodies and spread their hood to appear larger and scare off predators or threats. They may hiss loudly and strike if provoked. Cobras rely on their venom to hunt and defend themselves On the other hand, Pythons are generally more secretive and less aggressive. They use their powerful muscles to suffocate their prey rather than venom. To escape from threats and catch prey, pythons depend on blending into their surroundings and moving silently and they usually avoid confrontation. Hunting and diet Cobras are venomous snakes that use their poison to hunt and kill prey. When they bite, their venom quickly kills small animals which helps cobras catch their food efficiently and safely. They rely on their quick strikes and venom to take down prey. Pythons, on the other hand, are Non-poisonous squeezers. They hunt by ambushing their prey and then wrapping their strong bodies around it, squeezing tightly until the animal can't breathe. Pythons eat a variety of animals, including mammals, birds, and sometimes reptiles. Because of their size, larger pythons can even catch bigger prey like deer. Danger to humans Cobras are venomous snakes and their bites can be very dangerous or even deadly if not treated quickly. Their venom affects the nervous system and can cause serious symptoms like paralysis or breathing problems. Because of this, cobras are often feared by people living near them. Pythons are not venomous, so they don't poison humans. However, because of their large size and strength, big pythons can be dangerous, especially if they feel threatened or cornered. While attacks on humans are rare, large pythons have been known to injure or, in very rare cases, even kill people by constriction. Both snakes should be treated with respect and caution to avoid harm. Defense mechanism Cobras have a very noticeable defense strategy. When they feel threatened, they raise the front part of their bodies and spread their hood to look bigger and more intimidating. They also hiss loudly to warn predators or enemies. If the threat continues, cobras can strike quickly and deliver a venomous bite to defend themselves. Pythons rely more on protective colouring and their strong bodies for defense. They usually try to avoid confrontation by staying still and blending into their surroundings. If they are cornered or feel threatened, pythons may hiss loudly and coil up to prepare for a strike or to constrict if needed. Both snakes use their unique defense tactics to protect themselves in the wild. Speed Cobras are generally faster and more agile than pythons. They can strike quickly when hunting or defending themselves and their slender bodies help them move swiftly across the ground. Cobras use quick bursts of speed to catch prey or escape danger. Pythons, being much larger and heavier, are slower movers. They rely more on patience rather than speed. Pythons often lie in wait and ambush their prey rather than chasing it down. While they can move quickly in short bursts if needed, they are not built for fast or long-distance movement. Reproduction Cobras lay eggs and the female usually guards her clutch until the baby snakes hatch. Depending on the species, a cobra's eggs take about 50 to 60 days to hatch. Some cobra species are more protective and stay close to their nests during this time. Pythons also lay eggs, but many species are famous for their parenting — female pythons coil around their eggs to keep them warm and protect them until they hatch. This period usually lasts about 60 days. Some pythons can even shiver to generate heat to keep the eggs warm. Lifespan Cobras usually live around 15 to 20 years in the wild, though some species may live longer where they are safer from predators and food shortages. Their lifespan depends on factors like environment and human threats. Pythons often live longer, typically 20 to 30 years in the wild and can reach up to 40 years or more in captivity. Their larger size and slower metabolism help them live longer. Both snakes face challenges such as habitat loss and hunting, but their adaptability helps them survive and reproduce successfully. Cultural significance Cobras hold a special place in many cultures, especially in India and Southeast Asia. They are often seen as symbols of power, protection, and mystery. In Hindu mythology, cobras are associated with gods like Shiva and Vishnu and they appear in many traditional stories and festivals. People sometimes keep cobras in temples and use their images in art and jewelry. Pythons also appear in folklore and myths in parts of Africa, Asia, and Australia. Some cultures view pythons as powerful creatures connected to creation stories or as protectors of the land. Conservation status Many cobra species face threats from habitat loss, hunting, and the illegal wildlife trade. Some cobras, like the Indian cobra, are protected by law in their native countries but their populations are still declining in certain areas. Other species may be more at risk, depending on their habitat and human impact. Pythons also face similar threats. Large pythons like the Burmese python and reticulated python are sometimes hunted for their skin and meat. Habitat destruction is a major problem for many python species. Some pythons are listed as vulnerable or near threatened by conservation organizations. Both snakes benefit from conservation efforts focused on protecting habitats and controlling illegal trade. Also read: 7 jaw-dropping facts about snakes that are lesser known by humans
Time of India
26-05-2025
- Time of India
When shadows ‘ceased to exist'
1 2 3 4 5 6 Nagpur: At 12.10pm on Monday, Nagpur experienced a celestial spectacle known as Zero Shadow Day, when the sun stood directly overhead and shadows weren't visible on the ground. This rare event occurs twice annually between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Zero Shadow Day happens when the sun's declination aligns with a location's latitude, a result of Earth's 23.5-degree axial tilt. "This phenomenon beautifully demonstrates the interplay of Earth's tilt and its orbit around the sun," said Manoj Kumar Panda, project coordinator at Raman Science Centre & Planetarium, under the National Council of Science Museums, Ministry of Culture. "On this day, the sun is at its zenith, and objects stand shadowless at noon, captivating students and science enthusiasts alike," he said. The Centre organised a workshop to engage students, showcasing the event's significance. At precisely 12.10 pm, participants observed the near absence of shadows, a moment that highlighted the sun's unique position. Unlike cities like Delhi or Srinagar, located beyond the Tropic of Cancer, Nagpur's latitude makes it ideal for this biannual event, with the next occurrence slated for July 17 at 12.20 pm. The Raman Science Centre & Planetarium continues to inspire curiosity through such events, offering hands-on learning about celestial mechanics. Panda noted, "It's a reminder of how science connects us to the cosmos."
