When I broke out in an agonising rash that left me bleeding docs blamed scabies – but 3 common foods were to blame
I felt like my body was covered in ants due to a persistent itch - but I was completely unaware of a little-known allergy to foods in my daily diet.
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Lucy couldn't stop scratching an itch that presented all over her body
Credit: Supplied-Lucy Gornall
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"It was persistent and impossible to ignore," Lucy said
Credit: Supplied-Lucy Gornall
It was January 2022 when I suddenly developed the most
This wasn't just a little tickle. It was persistent and impossible to ignore. And when I did ignore it, the itchiness would grow and grow.
A specialist mentioned that it might be
I did two rounds of scabies treatments, but still the itchiness persisted.
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On a trip to Austria in March 2022, I broke down in tears as my incessant scratching was causing my skin to bleed.
It took a (very expensive!) trip to an Austrian dermatologist to discover I had urticaria (the medical term for hives).
My body was covered in these hives.
And I was then told it caused by a histamine
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Most read in Health
Ever wondered why you don't quite feel right after eating certain foods such as cheese or chocolate? Or, feel as though your skin is itchier than normal after drinking red wine?
Megan McKenna blasted the Prime Minister today for 'abandoning' a vow to create an 'allergies tsar'
Perhaps yoghurt, beer and champagne - which are fermented foods - have left you bloated and struggling with
Or, like me, you have never even connected the dots.
Histamine tolerance can also cause a runny nose, brain fog and fatigue.
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"It can even impact mental health, with reported symptoms such as
Some foods act as histamine liberators, meaning they trigger the body to release more histamine, even if they don't contain much themselves.
Laura Southern
nutritional therapist at London Gynaecology
The little-known problem primarily impacts women and tends to occur more frequently with age, often in the 40s and 50s but anytime from the age of 30.
'Histamines are chemicals that your immune system makes," explains Dr Najja.
"They are released by white blood cells during an immune response, helping to respond to allergy triggers (such as pollen or certain foods)."
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Chocolate is a trigger for histamine tolerance
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Aged cheese, such as blue or parmesan, are no-gos
Credit: Alamy
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Lucy did two rounds of scabies treatment before a dermatologist finally diagnosed her with histamine intolerance
Credit: Supplied-Lucy Gornall
Histamine intolerance, he says, refers to an excess of histamine in the body. The body struggles to process or eliminate excess histamine. It can lead to a range of symptoms that may mimic allergies.
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But while allergies involve your immune system response, releasing histamines to get rid of whatever it sees as a threat (even if it's harmless), histamine intolerance, in contrast, is a problem with the body's ability to process histamine.
"When histamine is released then the blood flow to the area increases, causing inflammation such as redness, swelling and itchiness," he says.
The symptoms of histamine intolerance
Symptoms of histamine intolerance can vary from one person to another.
However, Dr Najjar says that common symptoms include:
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Abdominal pain and
Changes of bowel movement, which could include
Skin rashes, flushing or hives
Dizziness
Fatigue
Brain fog
Runny nose or nasal congestion
Shortness of breath or wheezing
Heart palpiations
Mental health effects
A 2019 study in the journal Intestinal Research found participants suffering from histamine intolerance experienced an average of 11 symptoms.
What foods trigger symptoms or antihistamine intolerance?
When I got dianogsed, I had to laugh at the fact I was consuming foods and drinks daily that trigger histamine intolerance daily.
At the time, I was shotting apple cider vinegar in the morning, drinking a fair bit of champagne and was eating spinach, tomatoes and chocolate every day.
High histamine foods include aged cheeses such as parmesan and blue cheese and cured or smoked meats, such as salami and smoked salmon. Fermented foods such as soy sauce and miso also don't help.
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Aged, fermented and processed foods contain high levels of histamine because histamine forms during bacterial fermentation or food decay.
Alcohol, especially red wine, champagne and beer, pickled or canned foods, beans and pulses, salty snacks and chocolate are all no-gos.
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Wine was triggering Lucy's hives, she says
Credit: Getty
Laura Southern, nutritional therapist at
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The list of histamine liberators are often 'healthy' foods. They include vinegar, tomatoes, citrus fruits, spinach, strawberries, and nuts, especially walnuts, cashews and peanuts.
'Some foods block DAO, the enzyme that breaks histamine down," says Laura. "These include energy drinks, black and green tea and alcohol.'
A high dose vitamin C supplement can break down histamine.
Tara Ghosh
a certified Hormone and Women's Health Coach
Laura adds: 'Histamine levels in food can vary based on storage time and processing.
'Histamine is often a
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"These foods are UPFs, sugar, fried foods, processed meats, alcohol and sweeteners.'
Hormones, particularly oestrogen, play a big role in the development of histamine intolerance, according to
Therefore, she says, a lot of women may notice that menopause and perimenopause can make histamine issues worse.
'Having too much oestrogen in relation to progesterone leads to something called oestrogen dominance which can cause our allergies to be way worse or indeed appear out of nowhere for the first time," she says.
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Generally, oestrogen is on a downward slope during perimenopause, but with unpredictable peaks.
'While oestrogen is on a rollercoaster as we age, progesterone plummets,' Tara says.
Foods that trigger histamine intolerance
Foods that have been reported to have higher levels of histamine:
Alcohol
Pickled or canned foods – sauerkrauts
Matured cheeses - blue, parmesan, camembert
Smoked/cured meat products – salami, ham, sausages
Shellfish
Fresh or canned tuna, sardines, mackerel, salmon, herring
Beans and pulses – chickpeas, soy flour
Long-stored nuts – e.g peanuts, cashew nuts, almonds, pistachio
Chocolates and other cocoa based products
Seitan
Rice vinegar
Ready meals
Salty snacks, sweets with preservatives and artificial colourings
Aubergine
Spinach
Tomatoes
Broad beans
Foods that have been reported to have released histamine (histamine releasers):
Most citrus fruits – lemon, lime, oranges
Cocoa and chocolate
Walnuts, peanuts
Papaya, pineapples, plums, kiwi and bananas
Legumes
Wheat germ
Most vinegars
Additives – benzoate, sulphites, nitrites, glutamate, food dyes
Foods that have been reported to block the diamine oxidase (DAO) enzyme:
Alcohol
Black tea
Energy drinks
Mate tea
Source:
Tara explains that oestrogen increases histamine and is linked to slowing down the production of the DAO enzyme which clears histamine from our body.
As well as hormones, some medications and gastrointestinal issues such as irritable bowel disorder can actually get in the way of DAO working properly.
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How to treat histamine intolerance
The NHS doesn't offer a histamine intolerance test, but you can buy them online. However, Dr Najjar advises against doing them without the support and expertise of a qualified medical practitioner.
You may take antihistamines when your body is reacting to histamines - and, after being put on strong ones, I was given a long list of foods that I had to remove from my diet.
Although you can take antihistamines, Tara claims: 'Most antihistamine treatments are just a band-aid, blocking your histamine receptors.
'What we need to think is, 'why is my allergy bucket so full and causing me this hell?'
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'Reduce dairy, gluten, sugar and alcohol as these are inflammatory and limit fermented food (such as kombucha and sauerkraut), avocados, spinach, tomatoes, chocolate and citrus fruit as these stimulate histamine.'
Tara adds: 'High levels of the stress hormone cortisol correlate with high histamine so find ways to calm your nervous system every day and prioritise your sleep.
"A high dose vitamin C supplement can also break down histamine.'
A process of eliminating potential histamine-rich trigger foods and then slowly reintroducing them, can help you discover where your tolerance lies.
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In a matter of days, my skin calmed. The itching ceased and I felt like a free woman!
Still to this day, I am strict on what I eat and if I know I'll be drinking champagne or wine, or eating smoked salmon or anything fermented, I will take an antihistamine to prepare myself.
My histamine intolerance dictates what I eat and drink and every day I have to stop and think before I put anything in my mouth. Honestly, the itchiness isn't worth it.
So what
can
you eat? Laura says that low-histamine staples include fresh meat and poultry (not processed or leftover), freshly cooked fish and eggs (especially the yolks).
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Gluten-free grains like rice and quinoa, most fresh vegetables (like courgette, carrots and broccoli) and leafy greens (except spinach) are all okay.
'Vitamin C and B6 are crucial for DAO activity," says Laura.
"I often suggest foods such as parsley, fresh greens, peppers, blueberries, chicken, turkey and sunflower seeds.'
Read more on the Irish Sun
She adds: 'The gut plays a huge role in histamine regulation so I also encourage anti-inflammatory and gut-supportive foods such as freshly cooked root vegetables, herbs such as ginger, turmeric and thyme and omega-3-rich oils from flax or chia seeds."
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Laura adds that the freshness of your foods plays a part - even food that's been left in the fridge for a day could trigger symptoms.
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