
Thailand and Cambodia begin truce talks as fighting drags on
The latest escalation is the deadliest since violence between 2008 and 2011 over jungle territory that is claimed by both sides, after a vague border demarcation by Cambodia's French colonial administrators in 1907.
More than 200,000 people have fled since the fighting began.
US President Donald Trump − who both nations are courting for trade deals to avert the threat of eye-watering tariffs − intervened over the weekend, and said both sides had agreed to 'quickly work out' a truce.
Thailand's acting Prime Minister Phumtham Wechayachai and Cambodia's Prime Minister Hun Manet began their talks in the administrative capital Putrajaya.
They met at the residence of Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, serving chair of the Asean bloc, of which Thailand and Cambodia are both members. Mr Ibrahim earlier told media he would focus on an 'immediate ceasefire'.
Thailand's leader said there were doubts about Cambodia's sincerity ahead of the negotiations in Malaysia.
'We are not confident in Cambodia, their actions so far have reflected insincerity in solving the problem,' acting Mr Wechayachai told reporters ahead of his departure for Malaysia.
'Cambodia has violated international law, but everybody wants to see peace. Nobody wants to see violence that affects civilians.'
On the eve of the talks, Thailand's military said Cambodian snipers were camped in one of the contested temples, and accused Phnom Penh of surging troops along the border and hammering Thai territory with rockets.
It said there was fighting at seven areas in the rural region, marked by a ridge of hills surrounded by jungle and fields where locals farm rubber and rice.
'The situation remains highly tense, and it is anticipated that Cambodia may be preparing for a major military operation prior to entering negotiations,' the Thai military said.
Cambodia has denied Thai accusations it has fired at civilian targets, and has instead said that Thailand has put innocent lives at risk. It has called for the international community to condemn Thailand's aggression against it.
The tensions between Thailand and Cambodia have intensified since the killing in late May of a Cambodian soldier during a brief skirmish. Border troops on both sides were reinforced amid a full-blown diplomatic crisis that brought Thailand's fragile coalition government to the brink of collapse.
Mr Ibrahim had proposed ceasefire talks soon after the border dispute erupted into conflict on Thursday, and China and the US also offered to assist in negotiations.
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The National
11 minutes ago
- The National
Why did the Thailand-Cambodia conflict erupt suddenly and end swiftly?
By last week, tensions on the borders between Thailand and Cambodia had reached levels unseen for decades. The BBC reported that at least 32 soldiers and civilians had been killed and about 200,000 displaced in the two South-East Asian countries in the series of skirmishes and conflicts that started at the end of May. Martial law was declared in several Thai provinces. The Cambodian side sent rockets over the border, while Thailand responded with F-16 strikes. Thailand's acting Prime Minister, Phumtham Wechayachai, warned that the situation 'could escalate into a state of war'. This was not only shocking for the two countries and the region. It was potentially disastrous for the Association of South-East Asian Nations. One of the express purposes of forming the regional bloc in 1967 – which today includes all South-East Asian countries apart from Timor Leste – was to stop war and to promote economic and security co-operation among its members instead. Asean's current chair, Malaysian Prime Minister Anwar Ibrahim, said in a speech to the Asean Secretariat in Jakarta on Tuesday: 'Two months ago, when we had the Asean-GCC-China summit, we were talking about the unique position of Asean – the most peaceful region in the world, the most vibrant economically in the world. And then there was this eruption on the border.' Fortunately, Mr Anwar was speaking the day after he had hosted a peace summit with the Thai leader and his Cambodian counterpart, Hun Manet, in Malaysia. Mr Anwar had contacted both men last Thursday. That could not stop hostilities straight away, but by 3pm the following Monday the two leaders were sitting in Mr Anwar's official residence, flanked by the US ambassador to Malaysia, Edgard Kagan, and the Chinese ambassador, Ouyang Yujing. 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He also undermined former Thai prime minister – and Thaksin's daughter – Paetongtarn Shinawatra and possibly her family, when he leaked a phone call in June in which she addressed him deferentially and criticised a commander in her country's powerful army. That led to Ms Paetongtarn herself being suspended as PM last month. That will have delighted the significant elements in the Thai royalist-military establishment who have long resented Mr Thaksin, and strengthened their position politically. While the Thai army has also gained from being seen to defend the country during the conflict, Hun Sen may also feel that in the long run his possible political destruction of the Thaksin family (hitherto his very close friends) may have set him and his son up for better relations with a future military-dominated government in Thailand. In short, parties in both countries may have sought advantage from ramping up the sabre-rattling, but they had no desire whatsoever for a full-blown war – and were thus extremely receptive to a face-saving path to de-escalation with honour. The above is a possible explanation; no one is one 100 per cent certain why such a long-running dispute blew up so furiously. It should also be pointed out that Monday's agreement has not solved the underlying issue. But it has brought peace for now, and that is cause for congratulations to Mr Anwar, Mr Trump, China, for its presence at the summit – and to Asean itself. For Mr Anwar was clear that credit lay with the association for its convening power and for its values of 'dialogue, mutual respect, and a shared commitment to stability'. As he said on Tuesday, referring to the previous day's meeting: 'I've chosen to invite not only the two leaders from Cambodia and Thailand, but to keep the US representative to my right, and China to my left. It was a remarkable feat that not many regional groups can do, but we did – the Asean way.' This conflict could have been a stain on Malaysia's chairing of Asean for 2025. Instead, it has been turned into a triumph. No wonder Mr Anwar was smiling as he spoke.


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