Why asthma gets worse in monsoon and what you can do about it

Time of India

6 days ago

If you notice more wheezing, tightness in your chest, or find yourself reaching for your inhaler more often during the monsoon, you're not imagining it. Rising humidity, mould, dust mites, and even thunderstorms can worsen asthma symptoms and trigger sudden attacks.
This condition—often referred to as 'monsoon asthma'—affects millions and can turn routine rains into a health hazard. Fortunately, expert-backed lifestyle changes can make a real difference. This guide explains what's behind your monsoon symptoms—and offers smart, science-based ways to protect your breathing during this challenging season.
Why humid air makes breathing harder for asthma sufferers
Humidity is a major culprit. When moisture levels in the air rise, the density and heaviness of the air make breathing feel laboured. According to research by
Medical Channel Asia
, high humidity also amplifies the effect of environmental irritants like formaldehyde, which can lead to increased inflammation and mucus in the airways.
This makes the lungs more reactive and sensitive, especially for people with underlying asthma.
Why your home feels stuffier during the rains and hidden allergens make it worse
One of the most well-documented links to worsening asthma during monsoon is the proliferation of mould and dust mites. These allergens grow in moist environments, such as damp walls, bedding, or carpets. A review published in
European Respiratory Review
confirms that long-term exposure to indoor mould significantly increases the risk of wheezing and asthma symptoms.
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Dust mites grow rapidly when relative humidity exceeds 60%, shedding particles that easily irritate airways. This is particularly harmful for children and older adults who may already have weaker respiratory defences.
'Thunderstorm asthma' is a real phenomenon
Thunderstorms might seem like harmless weather events, but under the wrong conditions, they can become dangerous for people with asthma.
Researchers
have found that during certain storms, pollen grains can burst into tiny, breathable fragments.
These particles are small enough to enter the lower lungs and cause sudden, severe asthma attacks. This phenomenon, known as thunderstorm asthma, has led to multiple hospitalisations—and even fatalities—in parts of Australia and Europe.
During the monsoon, with the change in weather, your risk of falling sick also increases. Due to dampness and people spending more time indoors, viruses like colds and the flu spread more easily.
These infections can make asthma symptoms worse by putting extra stress on your lungs. On top of that, rain can stir up pollution. In cities, rainwater mixes with car exhaust and factory gases, creating tiny particles in the air that irritate already sensitive airways—making it even harder to breathe for those with asthma.
How to manage asthma during the monsoon
Below are some lifestyle changes that can help reduce your risk of flare-ups during the rainy season:
Control indoor humidity: Aim to keep humidity levels between 40% and 60%, use exhaust fans in bathrooms and kitchens, and consider using a dehumidifier if your home tends to stay damp.
Clean regularly to reduce allergens
Wash bedsheets, curtains, and pillow covers in hot water weekly
Use a vacuum cleaner with a HEPA (High-Efficiency Particulate Air) filter to trap dust mites and mould spores
Fix any leaks promptly and remove visible mould with disinfectant
Avoid indoor plants in bedrooms, as their soil retains moisture
Monitor weather and air quality: If thunderstorms or high pollen levels are expected, stay indoors with windows shut. Some cities offer pollen and pollution alerts that can help you plan your day accordingly.
Stick to your treatment plan: Never skip prescribed maintenance inhalers, even if you feel fine, and keep your rescue inhaler (usually a blue reliever) handy at all times.
Stay hydrated and healthy: Drink plenty of water to keep your mucus thin and easier to clear. Also, make hygiene a priority—take regular showers, avoid damp clothing, and wash your hands often to prevent infections.
When to take medical help:
Increased wheezing or chest tightness
Needing your inhaler more than usual
Difficulty speaking full sentences due to shortness of breath
Monsoon asthma can be difficult to manage, but understanding its causes can educate you to manage it better. You can control indoor humidity and allergens by sticking to a consistent treatment routine; small actions can go a long way. With guidance from your doctor and awareness of environmental triggers, you can navigate the rainy season with clearer lungs and greater peace of mind.
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