logo
Southern Africa through the South African Medical Research Council marks a decade of malaria research and collaboration

Southern Africa through the South African Medical Research Council marks a decade of malaria research and collaboration

Mail & Guardian6 days ago
As Southern Africa works toward the World Health Organization's goal of eliminating malaria by 2030, the region continues to face major challenges, including cross-border transmission, limited resources, and insecticide resistance. However, amid these difficulties, a significant milestone will be celebrated this month: the 10th annual Southern Africa Malaria Research Conference.
The event, hosted by the South African Medical Research Council's (SAMRC) Malaria Research Group (MRG), will take place from July 29 to 31 at the University of Pretoria's Future Africa Campus. It will bring together scientists, health professionals, policymakers, and regional partners to share insights, showcase progress, and refine strategies to eliminate the disease.
The theme for this year's conference is 'Shaping the agenda to meet the malaria elimination end goal'. This agenda highlights the region's commitment to aligning research and policy to combat malaria more effectively.
For a decade, the MRG has played a pivotal role in South Africa's malaria elimination efforts. It is the only organisation to have hosted a dedicated malaria conference annually for ten consecutive years, a testament to its leadership and unwavering commitment to ending malaria in the region. Through its work, the group continues to support the National Department of Health by improving existing interventions, conducting advanced research, and training a new generation of malaria-focused scientists.
Among its notable efforts is its support for the Lubombo Spatial Development Initiative. This project monitors cross-border malaria and insecticide resistance in Limpopo, Mpumalanga, and KwaZulu-Natal. Findings from the initiative have informed national vector control policy and confirmed that local mosquitoes remain susceptible to current insecticides.
The MRG has also been instrumental in cross-border initiatives. In collaboration with the National Treasury, it supported indoor residual spraying in southern Mozambique to reduce the importation of malaria into KwaZulu-Natal. Border screenings and interventions led to a marked decline in imported cases, a clear indication of the power of regional cooperation.
The upcoming conference is expected to provide a platform for the latest developments in parasite biology, surveillance technologies, and vector control. It will also spotlight innovative tools for malaria elimination and successful case studies of cross-border collaboration. As the region intensifies its push toward a malaria-free future, the SAMRC Malaria Research Group's decade-long dedication continues to inspire a unified, evidence-driven approach to tackling one of the region's most persistent public health threats.
Orange background

Try Our AI Features

Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:

Comments

No comments yet...

Related Articles

Unmasking the 'Zombie' Cells: The shocking link between ME/CFS and Long Covid
Unmasking the 'Zombie' Cells: The shocking link between ME/CFS and Long Covid

IOL News

time17 hours ago

  • IOL News

Unmasking the 'Zombie' Cells: The shocking link between ME/CFS and Long Covid

Both the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officially classify ME/CFS as a brain disorder and post-viral fatigue syndrome. Image: File Despite testing negative and being told they're fine, millions of people recovering from infections like Covid-19, influenza and glandular fever are left battling crippling fatigue, brain fog, joint pain, gut issues and a strange crash after any physical effort — a pattern that's becoming too common to ignore. These symptoms are medically known as myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). Both the World Health Organization and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention officially classify ME/CFS as a brain disorder and post-viral fatigue syndrome. Now, researchers from Stellenbosch University believe they may have found a common underlying factor linking ME/CFS and Long Covid: zombie-like cells hiding in our blood vessels. Dr. Massimo Nunes, a Postdoctoral Research Fellow at Stellenbosch University, explained:'Uncovering how ME/CFS and Long Covid originate and evolve over time is essential to move beyond symptom management toward disease-modifying therapies.' The Stellenbosch team's latest hypothesis is based on a growing body of research into what happens to blood vessels after viral infections. It proposes that viruses like SARS-CoV-2 (which causes Covid-19), Epstein–Barr virus, and influenza A can infect the inner lining of blood vessels, known as endothelial cells. Once infected, these cells enter a 'senescent' state — they stop functioning normally but stay alive, releasing molecules that trigger inflammation and clotting, while resisting destruction by the immune system. Prof. Resia Pretorius, Distinguished Professor in Physiological Sciences at Stellenbosch University, said: 'The long-term economic and health burden of Long Covid is immense, and we're seeing striking parallels with ME/CFS, a condition that has been historically neglected. Many Long Covid patients meet ME/CFS diagnostic criteria, highlighting the urgent need to recognize these overlapping diseases as serious physiological illnesses with real-world consequences.' The phenomenon of cellular senescence isn't new, but Stellenbosch's research adds a new dimension by placing these 'zombie' blood-vessel cells at the centre of disease progression in both ME/CFS and Long Covid. These dysfunctional cells contribute to thickened blood, lower oxygen delivery to tissues and immune dysfunction — a combination that aligns with what many patients experience physically and cognitively. Prof. Burtram Fielding, Dean of the Faculty of Sciences and Professor in the Department of Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, explained: 'Long Covid refers to a range of symptoms and conditions that persist for weeks, months or even years after a Covid-19 infection. It is not a single illness, but rather a collection of new, returning or ongoing symptoms that vary from person to person.' Dr. Nunes highlighted several studies showing the overlap between Long Covid and ME/CFS diagnostic criteria: 'A systematic review and meta-analysis inferred that 51% of Long COVID patients meet the diagnostic criteria for ME/CFS, based on data from 1,973 individuals across 13 studies. 'Another review with 127,117 participants found 45% met chronic fatigue criteria. A smaller study of 465 patients found 58% met ME/CFS criteria. Even in a 42-patient sample, 42% matched the diagnosis,' Nunes said. The research team believes that when blood-vessel cells become senescent, they disrupt circulation and immune responses in ways that echo what many patients report fatigue, cognitive dysfunction, gut issues and post-exertional crashes. 'We propose that when blood-vessel cells turn into 'zombies', they pump out substances that make blood thicker and prone to forming tiny clots. These clots slow down circulation, so less oxygen reaches muscles and organs. This is one reason people feel drained,' Dr. Nunes said. During physical exertion, the problem worsens. Instead of relaxing, blood vessels tighten, leading to a drop in oxygen supply. In the brain, this may contribute to dizziness and brain fog. In the gut, weakened blood-vessel walls could allow bacteria and toxins to leak into the bloodstream, fuelling further inflammation. Adding to this is immune system exhaustion. Senescent cells are typically cleared by healthy immune responses, but in Long Covid and ME/CFS patients, natural killer cells and macrophages appear sluggish or dysfunctional. The zombie cells send out signals that help them evade immune attack, creating a cycle that allows them to persist and perpetuate illness. As part of the next phase of their research, the Stellenbosch team is now testing blood samples from patients to see if they trigger senescence in lab-grown endothelial cells. They're also piloting non-invasive imaging techniques to detect these ageing blood-vessel cells in real time. 'Our aim is simple: find these ageing endothelial cells in real patients. Pinpointing them will inform the next round of clinical trials and open the door to therapies that target senescent cells directly, offering a route to healthier blood vessels and, ultimately, lighter disease loads,' Dr. Nunes said. Weekend Argus

Long-COVID, viruses and ‘zombie' cells: new research looks for links to chronic fatigue and brain fog
Long-COVID, viruses and ‘zombie' cells: new research looks for links to chronic fatigue and brain fog

IOL News

time2 days ago

  • IOL News

Long-COVID, viruses and ‘zombie' cells: new research looks for links to chronic fatigue and brain fog

Millions of people who recover from infections like COVID-19, influenza and glandular fever are affected by long-lasting symptoms. Image: File MILLIONS of people who recover from infections like COVID-19, influenza and glandular fever are affected by long-lasting symptoms. These include chronic fatigue, brain fog, exercise intolerance, dizziness, muscle or joint pain and gut problems. And many of these symptoms worsen after exercise, a phenomenon known as post-exertional malaise. Medically the symptoms are known as myalgic encephalomyelitis or chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS). The World Health Organization classifies this as a post viral fatigue syndrome, and it is recognised by both the WHO and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a brain disorder. Experiencing illness long after contracting an infection is not new, as patients have reported these symptoms for decades. But COVID-19 has amplified the problem worldwide. Nearly half of people with ongoing post-COVID symptoms – a condition known as long-COVID – now meet the criteria for ME/CFS. Since the start of the pandemic in 2020, it is estimated that more than 400 million people have developed long-COVID. To date, no widely accepted and testable mechanism has fully explained the biological processes underlying long-COVID and ME/CFS. Our work offers a new perspective that may help close this gap. Our research group studies blood and the cardiovascular system in inflammatory diseases, as well as post-viral conditions. We focus on coagulation, inflammation and endothelial cells. Endothelial cells make up the inner layer of blood vessels and serve many important functions, like regulating blood clotting, blood vessel dilation and constriction, and inflammation. Our latest review aims to explain how ME/CFS and long-COVID start and progress, and how symptoms show up in the body and its systems. By pinpointing and explaining the underlying disease mechanisms, we can pave the way for better clinical tools to diagnose and treat people living with ME/CFS and long-COVID. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Next Stay Close ✕ What is endothelial senescence? In our review, our international team proposes that certain viruses drive endothelial cells into a half-alive, 'zombie-like' state called cellular senescence. Senescent endothelial cells stop dividing, but continue to release molecules that awaken and confuse the immune system. This prompts the blood to form clots and, at the same time, prevent clot breakdown, which could lead to the constriction of blood vessels and limited blood flow. By placing 'zombie' blood-vessel cells at the centre of these post-viral diseases, our hypothesis weaves together microclots, oxygen debt (the extra oxygen your body needs after strenuous exercise to restore balance), brain-fog, dizziness, gut leakiness (a digestive condition where the intestinal lining allows toxins into the bloodstream) and immune dysfunction into a single, testable narrative. From acute viral infection to 'zombie' vessels Viruses like SARS-CoV-2, Epstein–Barr virus, HHV-6, influenza A, and enteroviruses (a group of viruses that cause a number of infectious illnesses which are usually mild) can all infect endothelial cells. They enable a direct attack on the cells that line the inside of blood vessels. Some of these viruses have been shown to trigger endothelial senescence. Multiple studies show that SARS-CoV-2 (the virus which causes COVID-19 disease) has the ability to induce senescence in a variety of cell types, including endothelial cells. Viral proteins from SARS-CoV-2, for example, sabotage DNA-repair pathways and push the host cell towards a senescent state, while senescent cells in turn become even more susceptible to viral entry. This reciprocity helps explain why different pathogens can result in the same chronic illness. Influenza A, too, has shown the ability to drive endothelial cells into a senescent, zombie-like state. What we think is happening We propose that when blood-vessel cells turn into 'zombies', they pump out substances that make blood thicker and prone to forming tiny clots. These clots slow down circulation, so less oxygen reaches muscles and organs. This is one reason people feel drained. During exercise, the problem worsens. Instead of the vessels relaxing to allow adequate bloodflow, they tighten further. This means that muscles are starved of oxygen and patients experience a crash the day after exercise. In the brain, the same faulty cells let blood flow drop and leak, bringing on brain fog and dizziness. In the gut, they weaken the lining, allowing bits of bacteria to slip into the bloodstream and trigger more inflammation. Because blood vessels reach every corner of the body, even scattered patches of these 'zombie' cells found in the blood vessels can create the mix of symptoms seen in long-COVID and ME/CFS. Immune exhaustion locks in the damage Some parts of the immune system kill senescent cells. They are natural-killer cells, macrophages and complement proteins, which are immune molecules capable of tagging and killing pathogens. But long-COVID and ME/CFS frequently have impaired natural-killer cell function, sluggish macrophages and complement dysfunction. Senescent endothelial cells may also send out a chemical signal to repel immune attack. So the 'zombie cells' actively evade the immune system. This creates a self-sustaining loop of vascular and immune dysfunction, where senescent endothelial cells persist. In a healthy person with an optimally functioning immune system, these senescent endothelial cells will normally be cleared. But there is significant immune dysfunction in ME/CFS and long-COVID, and this may enable the 'zombie cells' to survive and the disease to progress. SUNDAY TRIBUNE

Here's how you can tally up the sugar in your favourite food and drinks
Here's how you can tally up the sugar in your favourite food and drinks

TimesLIVE

time3 days ago

  • TimesLIVE

Here's how you can tally up the sugar in your favourite food and drinks

Whether you are pursuing better dietary choices for weight loss or struggling with serious conditions like diabetes, sugar intake can become a dominant concern regarding what you have in your fridge and pantry. A recent study by Wits University found that South Africans consume more than the required amount of sugar, which is estimated at 12 to 24 teaspoons daily, though the World Health Organization suggests a daily limit of six teaspoons. Laager Rooibos partner dietitian Mbali Mapholi says hidden sugars are often 'sneaky' and can add up quickly throughout the day. She adds that certain snacks and drinks 'aren't noticeably sweet' but still contain worrying amounts of sugar, which can significantly impact one's health over time. According to Mapholi, natural sugars come in the form of lactose, fructose and sucrose, which originate in fruit, vegetables, dairy and grain foods. In contrast, hidden sugars are added to foods or drinks during processing. These sugars come in many different forms from cane sugar, agave nectar, honey, maple syrup, high fructose corn syrup, molasses, honey and fruit juice concentrates.

DOWNLOAD THE APP

Get Started Now: Download the App

Ready to dive into a world of global content with local flavor? Download Daily8 app today from your preferred app store and start exploring.
app-storeplay-store