S.Sudan opposition says vice president's arrest ends peace deal
South Sudan's opposition said on Thursday the arrest overnight of First Vice President Riek Machar, long-time rival to President Salva Kiir, had invalidated their 2018 peace deal and risked plunging the country back into war.
A convoy of 20 heavily armed vehicles entered Machar's residence in the capital, Juba, late on Wednesday and arrested him, according to a statement issued by a member of his party -- a dramatic escalation of a conflict that has been building for weeks in the world's youngest country.
A power-sharing deal between Kiir and Machar has been gradually unravelling, threatening a return of the civil war that killed around 400,000 people between 2013 and 2018.
"With the arrest and detention of Dr Riek Machar Teny, the R-ARCSS 2018 has been abrogated," said Oyet Nathaniel Pierino, deputy chairman of Machar's party, using a technical term for the peace deal.
"The prospect for peace and stability in South Sudan has now been put into serious jeopardy," he added.
The United Nations Mission in South Sudan (UNMISS) said on Thursday the reported arrest left the country teetering on the edge of a precipice.
"The country's leaders stand on the brink of relapsing into widespread conflict," UNMISS head Nicholas Haysom said.
Breaches of the 2018 peace deal "will not only devastate South Sudan but also affect the entire region", he added.
Juba was calm early on Thursday, with businesses open and people on the streets, an AFP journalist said.
But there was a heavy military presence around Machar's home, which is located just metres (yards) from the president's home, including a tank.
The population is deeply worried about what might come next, civil society leader Edmund Yakani said.
"The public are in a panic," he told AFP.
"There is a high chance of full-scale war but it will be more deadly and more violent because of (the need) for revenge," he added.
- Arrests and clashes -
South Sudan -- which declared independence from Sudan in 2011 -- has remained plagued by poverty and insecurity since the peace deal in 2018.
Analysts say an ageing Kiir, 73, has been seeking to ensure his succession and sideline Machar politically for months through cabinet reshuffles.
More than 20 of Machar's political and military allies in the unity government and army have also been arrested since February, many held incommunicado.
Machar's party says three of its military bases around Juba have been attacked by government forces since Monday.
The training centres were established to prepare opposition forces for integration into the unified army -- a key provision of the 2018 peace agreement aimed at uniting government and opposition troops.
None of the incidents have been confirmed by the Kiir-aligned army, the South Sudan People's Defence Forces (SSPDF), although it accused Machar's forces of aggressive manoeuvres from one of the bases on Monday.
- 'Red warning' -
Prior to Machar's arrest, Kiir said he reaffirmed his "unwavering commitment to restoring peace" following a meeting with church leaders.
It follows weeks of violent clashes, particularly in Nasir County, where government forces loyal to the president have battled the so-called White Army, a militia with ties to Machar.
"The violence that started in March in Nasir seems to be spreading across a number of states in South Sudan," warned the International Crisis Group's South Sudan senior analyst, Daniel Akech.
He said the refusal of Kiir and Machar to engage in dialogue -- despite pressure from the international community -- was a "red warning".
If wider conflict did break out, he said, "it will be a very decentralised kind of violence, which would be very difficult to stop" as it could quickly escape the two leaders' control.
International observers have expressed increasing concern, with Norway and Germany closing their embassies in Juba.
The British and US embassies announced they were reducing to minimal staffing and urged citizens to leave the country.
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