
NASA's Perseverance Rover captures selfie with dust devil on Mars
A latest selfie by NASA's Perseverance rover at Mars has featured a new guest: a Martin dust devil. In the picture, Martin dust devil can be seen as a small pale puff of the twirling dust popped up about 5 kilometres behind the rover. The photo shoot that was done this month marked 1,500 sols (Martian days) for Perseverance, equivalent to 1,541 days on Earth. This selfie is a composite of 59 images taken by the camera fixed on the end of the rover's robotic arm.
It also features the rover's latest sample borehole on the surface. The picture was taken when the rover was parked in an area nicknamed 'Witch Hazel Hill,' near Jezero Crater, which Perseverance has been exploring for the past five months.
Megan Wu, an imaging scientist from Malin Space Science System, which built the camera, told the Associated Press that it took almost an hour to perform the necessary arm movements to gather the images but 'it's worth it.' Having a dust devil in the background of the photo makes it iconic, Wu added.
Perseverance can be seen covered with red dust, as a result of drilling into dozens of rocks. According to the NASA website, Justin Maki, Perseverance imaging lead at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory explained the importance of the photo taken by the rover. He says the self portrait 'gives a great view of the terrain and the rover hardware.'
This new selfie taken by Perseverance is the fifth photo taken since the mission began. It was assembled from the series of images collected by WATSON (Wide Angle Topographic Sensor for Operations and Engineering) camera. To make this selfie possible, WATSON took three additional images concentrating on the mast of the rover.
Launched in 2020, Perseverance is collecting samples from Jezero Crater, an ancient lakebed and river delta that could hold clues of any past microbial life.
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NDTV
an hour ago
- NDTV
After 50 Successful Years, The European Space Agency Has Some Big Challenges Ahead
This year marks the 50th anniversary of the founding of the European Space Agency (Esa). It has launched spectacularly successful missions, but is different to other space agencies which generally represent one country. Esa is funded by 23 member states and also has cooperation agreements with nations such as Canada. Esa operates cutting edge spacecraft designed to monitor the Earth, as well as space telescopes that study the distant cosmos. It has launched robotic spacecraft to other planets and to objects such as comets. It is also involved in human spaceflight – training European astronauts to work on the International Space Station (ISS). These are hugely successful achievements. But the agency now faces challenges as competition heats up among newer space powers such as China and India. The history of Esa can be traced to events immediately after the second world war, when many European scientists moved to either the US or to the Soviet Union. Many of them realised that projects supported only by a single nation could not compete with those supported by the two big geopolitical players at the time. This motivated the physicists Pierre Auger, from France, and Edoardo Amaldi, from Italy, to propose a European organisation that would carry out space research and would be 'purely scientific'. In 1962, two agencies were created. One of these, the European Launch Development Organisation (ELDO), would concentrate on developing a rocket. The other, the European Space Research Organisation (ESRO), would focus on developing robotic spacecraft. Both were joined together in 1975 to form the European Space Agency. The push to build a European rocket would eventually yield the Ariane launcher, which is operated by the French company Arianespace. The first satellite to be launched under the banner of the newly formed European Space Agency was Cos-B. This spacecraft was designed to monitor a high energy form of radiation called gamma rays, being emitted from objects in space. In 1978, Esa cooperated with Nasa and the UK on the International Ultraviolet Explorer mission. This space telescope was designed to observe the cosmos in ultraviolet light, something that cannot be done from Earth. The agency would later collaborate with Nasa and the Canadian Space Agency on one of the most successful space telescopes of all time: Hubble. Launched in 1990, the Hubble Space Telescope helped confirm the expansion rate of the universe and showed that black holes are at the cores of almost all galaxies. Hubble's stunning images also changed the way that many people saw the universe. Esa funded one of the original instruments on the space telescope, the Faint Object Camera, and provided the first two solar arrays. The space agency is also a partner on the revolutionary James Webb Telescope, which launched in 2021. Esa contributed two of the telescope's instruments: the Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NirSpec) and the Mid-Infrared Instrument (Miri). Solar System Missions Esa has also launched pioneering missions to other planets and objects in our solar system. The first of these was the Giotto comet explorer. This robotic spacecraft flew past Halley's comet in 1986 and was successfully woken up in 1992 to study a comet called Grigg-Skejllerup. A second successful cometary mission followed when the Rosetta spacecraft entered orbit around Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko in 2014. Rosetta despatched a lander called Philae to touch down on the comet's surface. Rosetta has been my favourite of all Esa achievements, simply due to the pure audacity of attempting to land on an object whose shape and composition was until then only sparsely known. In order to 'land' on an object with low gravity, Philae was to have deployed harpoons that would attach the lander to the surface. These systems did not work, but the overall mission was a success, leading to high levels of engagement from the public. Besides comets, Esa launched one of the most successful missions to the red planet: Mars Express. The spacecraft entered orbit around Mars in 2003 and has played a key role in enhancing understanding of our planetary neighbour. It is expected to continue working until at least 2034. Mars Express also carried the ill-fated British Beagle 2 spacecraft to Mars. This was supposed to land in 2003, but contact was never established with the probe, which is presumed to have been damaged while touching down. In 2005, Esa's Huygens spacecraft landed on Titan, Saturn's largest moon. This was the furthest from Earth that a spacecraft has ever landed. These are all outward facing missions, but Esa has also had major success with projects to study what's going on here on Earth. These include the Envisat satellite, which operated from 2002-2012, and the Sentinel series of spacecraft, which have operated from 2014 to the present. These have helped map agriculture and forests, understand the Earth's climate, track ice, and monitor atmospheric ozone. In addition, the Galileo navigation satellites are providing a high precision alternative to GPS. Esa is also a major player in human spaceflight, having been a partner in the International Space Station project since 1993. It has built sections of the ISS, including the Columbus laboratory, launched in 2008, and the Cupola viewing window, which gives astronauts panoramic views of Earth. The agency's astronauts regularly spend time on the ISS as crew and could even fly to the Moon under Nasa's Artemis programme. Since the 1990s, Esa has frequently collaborated with Nasa – often very successfully. However, this relationship has also faced challenges. In the wake of the financial crisis, for example, Nasa cancelled its participation in several collaborative missions with Esa. Under a proposed Nasa budget this year, the US space agency may again cancel its involvement with the joint Nasa-Esa Mars Sample Return mission. Esa's Future Times have changed in the space industry since Esa's founding 50 years ago. Major countries such as China, India and Japan all have their own space programmes. Esa faces considerable financial pressures to compete with them. Nevertheless, Esa is working on strengthening its space exploration and launch capabilities through the use of a commercial space port in Norway. It has also put together a long-term strategy for 2040. This document highlights important areas where Esa can play a major role, including protecting Earth and its climate, continued missions to explore space and also efforts to boost European growth and competitiveness. All this should strengthen and secure the agency for the future. Through a mixture of developing its own missions and collaborating with other agencies and commercial partners on others, Esa should be a major player in space exploration for decades to come. (Author: , Lecturer in Astronomy, Nottingham Trent University) (Disclosure statement: Daniel Brown does not work for, consult, own shares in or receive funding from any company or organisation that would benefit from this article, and has disclosed no relevant affiliations beyond their academic appointment.)
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First Post
3 hours ago
- First Post
Why soft toy will accompany India's Shubhanshu Shukla in Axiom-4 mission to ISS
When the Axiom 4 mission crew will launch into space, they will take along with them a small soft toy—a swan. Named 'Joy', the white plushie has been selected as the mission's zero-gravity indicator. However, the selection of the swan soft toy holds a deep and emotional significance for the four-membered crew, which includes Indian pilot Shubhanshu Shukla read more As soon as 'Joy', the soft toy swan detaches and begins to drift, the Axiom 4 crew will know they've left Earth's Space When the Falcon-9 rocket blasts off from Florida's Kennedy Space Centre on June 10, it won't just be carrying astronauts and scientific equipment aboard. Floating alongside the Axiom 4 mission crew in the SpaceX Dragon capsule will be a small plush swan named 'Joy'. This cuddly soft toy isn't just along for the ride—it serves a special purpose. In line with a long-standing space tradition, astronauts bring a small object to float freely once the spacecraft reaches orbit, visibly marking the moment they enter weightlessness. As soon as 'Joy' detaches and begins to drift, the crew will know they've left Earth's grip. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD But beyond being just a zero-gravity indicator, 'Joy' holds a much deeper and emotional value for each of the astronauts aboard. Here's what the small, cuddly swan means to them. Why Axiom-4 crew choose a swan soft toy? At a pre-flight virtual press conference, each member of the four-person international crew contributed to selecting the swan as a unifying cultural symbol. For Isro Gaganyatri and the pilot of the Axiom 4 mission, Shubanshu Shukla , it carries deep religious and philosophical meaning. 'In Indian culture, the swan is the vehicle of goddess Saraswati, symbolising wisdom, learning and purity. Swan is believed to have the rare ability to separate milk from water, representing purity, wisdom and grace,' he said. 'Carrying this symbol reminds me of the delicate balance between knowledge and pressure, and it keeps me grounded in the values I hold dear. I feel inspired, fully prepared and confident as I embark on this journey,' Shukla added. Upon reaching space, Shukla will become the second Indian to travel to space, after Rakesh Sharma became the first four decades ago. At a pre-flight virtual press conference, each member of the four-person international crew contributed to selecting the swan as a unifying cultural symbol. Image courtesy: Axiom Space Commander of the mission and America's most experienced astronaut, Peggy Whitson said, 'Joy represents the shared aspirations of three nations united in their return to human space flight. The swan is rich in cultural symbolism, stands for wisdom in India, resilience in Poland, and grace in Hungary. Through Joy, we'll celebrate our diversity and our unity in the shared journey of space exploration.' STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD The mission, operated by Texas-based Axiom Space in partnership with SpaceX and Nasa, will transport four astronauts, Mission Commander Peggy Whitson (US), Mission Pilot Shubhanshu Shukla (India), and mission specialists Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski (Poland) and Tibor Kapu (Hungary) to the International Space Station (ISS) for a two-week stay. Shukla will be one of four astronauts taking part in the Axiom-4 mission. X/@NASASpaceOps 'The biggest journey is about to start in just couple of days. I still do not realize how big this moment will be,' said mission specialist Slawosz Uznanski-Wisniewski. 'This will be such a joy, just as the name of our extra passenger in our Dragon and on the ISS.' Also read: What is Axiom-4 Mission that India's Sudhanshu Shukla will pilot to space? The curious tradition of carrying a soft toy to space It may sound whimsical, but taking a soft toy into space has become a time-honoured tradition among astronauts. The practice of flying zero-gravity indicators dates back to 1961, when Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin carried a small doll on his historic Vostok mission. The idea was simple: when the doll began to float, it signalled the moment Gagarin had officially entered weightlessness. Since then, many Russian crews have continued the tradition, often choosing dolls picked out by their children to accompany them into orbit. STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD The custom eventually made its way to the United States after the space shuttle era, with crewed capsules like those from SpaceX and Boeing, as well as Nasa's Artemis missions, now regularly including soft toys as zero-g indicators. Once aboard the International Space Station, the newest plush astronaut, 'Joy' the swan, will join a quirky lineup of past companions. Among them: 'Droog', a crocheted origami crane from SpaceX's Crew-10 mission, and an angel blowing a horn, selected by the Soyuz MS-27 crew. Joy, Axiom-4 space mission: It may sound whimsical, but taking a soft toy into space has become a time-honoured tradition among astronauts. Image courtesy: Axiom Space 'A team that has joy is a team that is healthy,' said Kapu. 'That has become my personal motto because it captures the essence of this crew. We are focused, we are committed, but above all, we are joyful, and the joy is a sign of trust, resilience, and in my mind, friendship. So in the spirit of sharing that joy, we wanted to bring one more crew member with us, a symbol of what holds us together.' STORY CONTINUES BELOW THIS AD It's believed that Joy is the first swan to serve as a zero-gravity indicator. While Northrop Grumman—an aerospace company that resupplies the space station- did once create swan dolls inspired by its Cygnus cargo vehicles, they weren't used in the same symbolic way. From floating dolls to plush swans, this unique tradition continues to bring a personal, heartwarming touch to space missions—one soft toy at a time. With input from agencies


NDTV
3 hours ago
- NDTV
"Extremely Confident": Indian Astronaut On Space Mission
New Delhi: The Axiom-4 space mission having been pushed back by two days, Indian astronaut Group Captain Shubhanshu Shukla, who is part of the Axiom team, said he was confident of success. Axiom Space has announced that the lift-off for will now take place at 5.52 pm (India time) on June 10. This is the second time the mission has been deferred and while the authorities have not ascribed a reason for the delay, sources indicated that the NASA-ISRO collaboration will need time to prepare. Group Captain Shukla - who is on mandatory pre-launch quarantine at Florida's Kennedy Space Center - told NDTV that for the last one year, they have been undergoing rigorous training and he is confident of success. "I can say that we have experienced a lot of different aspects or facets of this mission," he told NDTV in an exclusive interview. These, he said, included theoretical studies, simulator training, and "undergoing various protocols of underwater survival and emergency egress". "Having done these activities over the past few months, repeatedly again and again, I feel very confident, not just in my ability, but in the ability of this team who is sitting here, to execute this mission successfully," he said. "I am extremely confident that we will be successful in this mission," he added.