Can gym supplements reduce depression? A psychiatrist explains what creatine boosters do to your body

Indian Express

05-05-2025

Of late, social media influencers have been claiming that creatine, a compound that powers your muscles during workouts and available as gym supplements, can reduce your depression by 60 per cent and that it's a missing ingredient in one's mental health.
However, taking creatine supplements arbitrarily can be risky as it is not part of standard psychiatric treatment protocols, according to Dr Anil Kumar, psychiatrist, at Paras Health, Gurugram. 'Even we recommend it only as an adjunctive or supportive supplement in very specific cases, but only after a detailed assessment,' he says. Overdoing dosage may end up elevating blood pressure, damaging the liver and kidneys.
What is creatine and is it being prescribed by psychiatrists?
Creatine is a naturally occurring compound in muscle cells that helps produce energy during high-intensity activity or stress. A supplement is used by athletes and body-builders for enhanced performance, muscle mass and faster recovery. It works by replenishing the body's ATP (adenosine triphosphate) stores, which provide energy for muscle contractions.
Emerging research has indicated that creatine may play a role in the process by which the brain obtains and uses energy. In recent years, some studies have explored its potential in managing depressive symptoms, particularly treatment-resistant depression. However, it is not yet part of standard psychiatric treatment protocols. It is recommended as a supportive therapy on a case-specific basis.
Does a supplement work as a supportive therapy?
Clinical studies have shown mood improvements in patients with treatment-resistant depression. For example, in a small study of women with major depressive disorder, those taking five grams of creatine daily along with an SSRI (Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor) showed faster and greater improvement compared to those on SSRIs alone. However, these findings are preliminary and not universally applicable. There have also been anecdotal reports where individuals took creatine on their own after hearing about its mood benefits online. While some reported feeling more energized or motivated, others noticed no change or experienced minor side effects like bloating.
What happens if somebody uses creatine supplements for depression?
If a patient chooses to use creatine for depression—either self-prescribed or under medical supervision— know that it can only be an alternative or supportive treatment, especially if traditional therapies like antidepressants or psychotherapy show limited results. While some anecdotal and early clinical evidence suggests potential mood-lifting effects due to creatine's impact on brain energy metabolism, its use should be monitored. Self-medication without understanding dosage or interactions can be risky.
What effect can it have on those who use it regularly?
In healthy individuals, regular creatine use in recommended doses is generally considered safe. However, long-term or excessive use without medical supervision can strain the kidneys, especially in those with pre-existing renal issues. Some users may also experience water retention, gastrointestinal issues, or muscle cramping. When used for mental health, there's insufficient long-term safety data. Therefore, always go for a doctor consultation.