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Austin Taylor: ‘I found it so fascinating and poignant how we portray women in the media, especially powerful women who make mistakes'

Austin Taylor: ‘I found it so fascinating and poignant how we portray women in the media, especially powerful women who make mistakes'

Irish Times3 days ago
Austin Taylor is speaking to me from her parents' attic in the farmhouse where she grew up in rural Maine. The 26-year-old is the picture of vibrant youth – glowing skin, a long mane of thick blonde hair and an easy-going demeanour. She is about to begin a law degree at
Stanford University
and has already completed a double degree in chemistry and English at
Harvard
– they call it a double concentrator. She has also just published her debut novel, Notes On Infinity
,
which she sold in the US for a seven-figure sum.
You could call her an over-achiever, but I'm not sure she'd agree. In fact, not too long ago, she felt like a failure. 'I certainly felt intense pressure at Harvard. You're surrounded by people doing incredible cutting-edge work, especially in the sciences. You're surrounded by the legacy of people who have come through the institution before you who have done incredible things. You're surrounded by professors who are doing amazing research and teaching, and your peers who have amazing ideas and are working on really cool stuff in addition to taking five classes a semester and doing really well. There's a sense that if you're not doing something absolutely incredible, you're falling short or failing. I certainly felt that way.'
It's something she wanted to explore in Notes On Infinity, particularly around the 'move fast and break things' culture that exists at the nexus of scientific research and venture capital-funded biotech start-ups. The book tells the story of Zoe and Jack, two brilliant Harvard students whose breakthrough scientific discoveries prompt them to drop out and set up a biotech company that claims to have found the cure for ageing. It's a classic Icarus tale of young idealism warped by greed and ambition.
'The dollar amounts are just unimaginable,' she says of biotech VC funding, 'especially for really young people. I think the incentive structures that that amount of money creates are often problematic and scary, especially in science, because science is fundamentally such a slow, iterative, uncertain process and business, especially in pitching a start-up, is all about positive spin. And that's a fundamental tension. And sometimes that creates awesome innovation and other times it creates fire and broken glass and damage.' You can probably guess which of these paths her book follows.
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The novel was somewhat inspired by the scandal surrounding
Elizabeth Holmes
and her blood-diagnostic start-up, Theranos. Holmes, a brilliant and beautiful scientist, was the face of the company but was eventually jailed for defrauding investors in a spectacular fall from grace. In Notes On Infinity, Taylor's protagonist Zoe is a beautiful, brilliant young woman who also becomes the face of her and Jack's start-up.
'One of the things I was interested in exploring was the obsession with women in [
Stem
] spaces and the tokenisation of women in these spaces. Elizabeth Holmes was lauded for her gender during Theranos's rise, then after its fall she was demonised for her gender. I heard a disturbing number of comments about how she must have used her sexuality to manipulate male funders. That fixation on gender and self-presentation and hair and clothes and make-up, I do think it's heightened by the fact that women are such a minority in science.
Former Theranos chief executive Elizabeth Holmes leaving court in San Jose, California, in March 2023. Photograph: Jeff Chiu/AP/PA
'I did consume a lot of the reporting on the Holmes case because I found it so fascinating and poignant, particularly on issues of gender, how we portray women in the media, especially powerful women who make mistakes.'
Taylor's path from growing up as the only child of a dairy farmer in rural Maine to taking a double degree at Harvard to becoming a sought-after debut author about to embark on a legal career is remarkably grounded.
'I had a pretty idyllic, rural childhood. I rode horses and worked on the farm in the summers, milking cows. But I was also very invested in school and I played a lot of sports and I had access to lots of great opportunities.' Her decision to go to Harvard was motivated by the pursuit of academic excellence, but when she arrived on campus, she felt out of place.
'That transition was pretty jarring, which is something that comes out in the novel. I didn't realise the extent to which most people at Harvard would have already been embedded in that sort of community of people who will go to Harvard. There are lots of ways that you can be in that pipeline, so I'm not talking about legacy or family connections, but people had gone to the same summer camps, or done the same competitive academic things like debate or math olympiad, or they had played sports together, and I truly had no connection to the institution at all, so when I showed up on campus for the admitted students weekend it was like everyone else already had friends and they knew how to act and they knew where things were and what parties were going on, and I was like
how am I already not a part of this?
"
Her choice of degree – chemistry – reinforced that feeling of being an outsider. 'I was convinced I needed to do something practical with my college time. There were lots of people questioning my decision to even go to Harvard. I think this is really common in rural areas actually. You can go for free to your state university so people are like, why would you choose to go to this elite university that feels very other to our community, particularly when you're going to be paying an amount of money, that seems silly? That divide and that perception is only worse now, given all of the things that are going on in America. I think that and coming from a farming family gave me this fixation that I needed to do a hard science, be practical and have a skill.'
When she took some English classes, it reignited her childhood love of writing. 'If you had asked me when I was 10, 'what do you want to be when you grow up?', I would have said 'writer'…but I came to realise that was a not a particularly stable or likely career path. In fact, I think it seemed like a total pipe dream, so I turned away."
After college, she worked for a non-profit in New York for a year before returning to her family home to take a year out in an attempt to recover from debilitating migraines. 'I had some time and I thought, what I've actually always wanted to do was to be a writer, so let me try.'
But it wasn't all smooth sailing. She wrote a novel, and submitted it to publishers but couldn't find a home for it. 'Which was very upsetting,' she says. But even as that first novel was dying on submission, she had already moved on to Notes On Infinity
.
Where did she find the determination to push on with another book in the face of that early rejection?
'I think it was mostly that I was really compelled by the idea for Notes. And I was really convinced that it could be special. Then there was a degree of stubbornness, which is part of my personality for better or for worse, and also a degree of naivety, which was necessary for me to do the whole thing. I think if I had thought too hard about how likely any of this was to work out, I simply wouldn't have done it because the odds are so low.'
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Pat O'Connor: 'Why would girls study Stem if they have no career path afterwards?'
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The book deals – in addition to the American deal, the book has sold for six figures in the UK, and at auction in Germany – have changed her life, she says. They've given her the time and space to get better at writing, although she says she has not yet touched any of the money. 'I don't think I've ever had a phone call where there was a 'you-should-sit-down' moment. Even the first payments are more money than I've ever seen in one place, ever.'
She is planning on working as an attorney with an interest in the interface between AI and media and arts. 'I recognise we must make space for AI's vast potential but, as a firm believer in the power and importance of good storytelling, I am concerned that existing legal frameworks provide inadequate protection for writers and the publishing ecosystem.'
She has no plans to stop writing – a double concentrator in life too, it seems. In fact she has already finished a draft of her second novel, which will centre around a similar subculture of very powerful young male tech founders and a young woman's relationship with an older, more professionally powerful man. But she is very excited to be going to Stanford – to study law, and for the weather too, which is balmier than the northerly climes she is used to, but also for another reason …
'I've started drafting my third novel…" she says. 'And it's going to be set in Silicon Valley.'
Notes on Infinity by Austin Taylor is published by Michael Joseph.
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Jake Paul is boxing's newest power broker. Taylor v Serrano was his proof of concept
Jake Paul is boxing's newest power broker. Taylor v Serrano was his proof of concept

Irish Times

time2 days ago

  • Irish Times

Jake Paul is boxing's newest power broker. Taylor v Serrano was his proof of concept

On Friday night, July 11th, Katie Taylor earned the clear-cut win that had eluded her in two previous victories by controversial decision over Amanda Serrano . Fighting before a sold-out crowd of 19,721 on the first all-women's boxing card ever at Madison Square Garden, Taylor outboxed her long-time rival and solidified her status as one of the greatest women boxers of all time. The evening was a celebration of women's boxing and also marked a significant step forward for Most Valuable Promotions ( Jake Paul 's promotional company), which orchestrated, produced and marketed the event. Paul is a highly visible social media influencer with 28.4 million followers on Instagram and 20.9 million subscribers to his YouTube channel. He and Nakisa Bidarian (who was once the UFC's chief strategy and chief financial officer) met in 2019 when Bidarian began planning the 2020 exhibition between Mike Tyson and Roy Jones for Triller. Paul had only one fight on his resume at the time – a victory over social media personality Ali Eson Gib. But Bidarian signed him for the primary support bout beneath Tyson-Jones, and Jake knocked out former NBA basketball player Nate Robinson in the second round. The following year, he and Bidarian founded MVP. [ Katie Taylor erases all the question marks with her third win over Amanda Serrano Opens in new window ] Bidarian has a reputation for being hard-working, abrasive and smart. One person who has worked with him says, 'Nakisa always thinks he's the smartest person in the room, and very often that's true. But he has the personality of a porcupine and can be difficult to deal with.' READ MORE That said, another person who has worked with Bidarian opines, 'Nakisa is a hard negotiator but he's always professional. He thinks creatively outside the box. And once he makes a deal, he lives up to it. He doesn't look at a contract as the starting point for a new round of negotiations, which distinguishes him from a lot of people in boxing.' MVP calls itself a managerial company. But like Al Haymon's Premier Boxing Champions (another 'managerial' company), it functions as a promoter. In recent years, MVP has promoted numerous small fight cards on DAZN. But its greatest success has come with Jake Paul's fights. Now it's trying to build on Paul's social media presence and ring exploits to establish a promotional company that isn't reliant on Jake fighting to turn a profit. Katie Taylor makes her way to the ring before Friday's fight against Amanda Serrano at Madison Square Garden. Photograph: Gary Carr/Inpho Paul's ring career has blurred the line between social media influencers and traditional boxers. After knocking out Gib and Robinson, he won four more fights against a string of ageing former MMA combatants before losing a decision to Tommy Fury. That was followed by five more wins, the most notable of which was an eight-round decision over 58-year-old Mike Tyson last November. Two weeks ago, he beat an unmotivated, out-of-shape, long-past-his-prime Julio Cesar Chavez Jr. Paul has the ring skills of a club fighter. That merits respect. But now that the novelty of his fighting has worn off, he needs a dance partner to attract a large audience willing to pay big money to watch him fight. Tyson-Paul fit that profile to perfection. The fight was marred by a lack of serious PED testing and questionable medical-clearance standards for Tyson. But it drew 72,300 fans to AT&T Stadium in Texas. The live gate surpassed $18 million (€15.4 million), making it the largest on-site gate ever in the United States for a fight card held outside of Las Vegas. It was also the first live professional sports event ever on Netflix and the most-streamed sports event of all time. More than 60 million households around the world watched it. That made Taylor-Serrano II (which was on the undercard of Tyson-Paul) the most-watched women's sporting event in US history. Building on that success, Netflix purchased rights to stream Taylor-Serrano III as well as the upcoming September 13th Saudi-backed encounter between Canelo Álvarez and Terence Crawford. Paul has mastered the art of making money through social media. 'We've been fortunate to have Jake as the head of our spear,' Bidarian acknowledges. 'Social media is the most important currency in the world today because the vast majority of Gen Z and younger get their news, get their content, get their updates from social media.' But once Paul stops boxing, MVP's biggest moneymaking vehicle will be gone. Jake simply showing up for someone else's fight that he's promoting won't create much wealth. Katie Taylor catches Amanda Serrano with a left hook during their fight at MSG on Friday. Photograph:for Netflix 'They're trying to develop other stars to fill the void,' says a manager who has done business with MVP. 'But most of their young fighters aren't very good. Other than Amanda Serrano, they haven't signed a fighter who can generate big money. And Amanda has to be paired with someone like Katie Taylor to sell.' Bidarian is believed to be trying to raise capital from outside sources to expand MVP. Meanwhile, the company is working to establish a reputation as the place for elite women boxers to be and build what Bidarian calls 'a cohesive unfragmented women's boxing program'. In recent months, it has announced a series of high-profile signings and hopes to launch an all-women's boxing series. 'Women's boxing might not become as popular as men's boxing,' Bidarian acknowledges. 'But it can carry its own weight.' Meanwhile, there's a huge plus to what MVP is doing. It's generating the cash through live gate receipts, pay-per-view buys, license fees, sponsorships and other income streams to cover what Paul and the company are paid. No big loser is keeping MVP afloat, which is an all-too-common formula in the boxing business today. That brings us to Taylor-Serrano III. Most boxing trilogies result from the first two fights between the combatants being split. Here the trilogy came about because, even though Taylor emerged victorious on the judges' scorecards in Taylor-Serrano I and II, they were exceptionally good fights. And many knowledgeable observers thought that Serrano deserved the decision in one or both of them. Taylor-Serrano I was a watershed moment for women's boxing. Promoted by Eddie Hearn, it was contested at Madison Square Garden on April 30th, 2022, before a sell-out crowd of 19,187 and engendered a live gate of $1,450,180 (€1.24 million). The atmosphere was electric. The action was heated. Taylor won a 97-93, 96-93, 94-96 verdict. Katie Taylor dodges Amanda Serrano. Photograph: Gary Carr/Inpho Taylor-Serrano II (on the undercard of Tyson-Paul) was just as enthralling. Once again, Taylor prevailed; this time by a slender 95-94, 95-94, 95-94 margin. On both occasions, Serrano was remarkably gracious in defeat and accepted her loss without public complaint. But her resentment showed at the April 9th kick-off press conference for her third encounter with Taylor. Not one to shy away from hype, host Ariel Helwani began the press conference by calling it 'one of the most important press conferences in combat sports history'. Eventually the fighters had their say. Serrano called Taylor a great champion and said she respected her in and out of the ring. Katie responded: 'There's no animosity on my side. I'm just here to fight.' But things got testy when Serrano said that she'd wanted 12 three-minute rounds for their upcoming fight rather than the 10 two-minute rounds that are traditional for women's championship bouts and claimed that Taylor had reneged on a promise to accept that format. Taylor countered that she'd declined the request because the WBC wouldn't sanction the fight on those terms and added: 'The challenger shouldn't be dictating the terms of the fight. Amanda's not in a position to dictate and Amanda's not in a position to change the format of women's boxing.' That pushed Serrano's buttons and she turned to the judging of the first two fights, declaring: 'The world has eyes. They saw what they saw. It sucks that three judges see something completely different. But millions of people saw it another way.' 'I'm not interested in what Amanda says about the fight,' Taylor countered. 'I'm only interested in what the judges say about the fight. I am 2-and-0 here. I was the deserved winner. Here we are again, having a silly conversation because you're trying to create a narrative that you were robbed in that fight. That's not OK, Amanda.' Katie Taylor and Amanda Serrano embrace after the fight. Photograph: Gary Carr/Inpho 'A lot of times I let those comments go,' Taylor said afterward. 'But enough is enough of all the silly comments and the complaints over the decision and stuff. I'm 2-and-0 against her. She actually feels like she won that fight, which is not correct. She wants to walk to the ring second. She wants to be announced second. It's absolutely ridiculous. After I beat her a third time, I don't want any more complaints.' Fight week offered the usual mix of media workouts, photo ops and other promotional activities. Serrano gave the impression of enjoying it. Taylor is on the shy side and would rather train and fight than talk. 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Serrano responded in kind, saying, 'Thank you Katie Taylor for an incredible three fights and 30 rounds. It has truly been an honour to face you.' As for the future, Taylor's voice is starting to sound softer and a bit less crisp and clear than it once did. Serrano is showing the wear and tear of 52 professional fights. Each woman has earned life-changing money. Their health shouldn't be trifled with. It would be nice if they both retired now. – Guardian

‘The way to a human's brain and immune system is through the gut'
‘The way to a human's brain and immune system is through the gut'

Irish Times

time2 days ago

  • Irish Times

‘The way to a human's brain and immune system is through the gut'

There is an old saying, 'you are what you eat'. Now, more scientific evidence is emerging to show that our gastrointestinal system interacts with our nervous system. It seems our guts do indeed talk to our brains. In a recent post on his Substack Ground Truths, Dr Eric Topol describes the complex interplay involving the gut-brain axis. There are four principal interactions by which the gut influences the brain: through the nervous system; by means of hormones; through the immune system; and via the microbiome. The gut microbiome is the community of all the bacteria and viruses in our intestines. READ MORE 'The abundant and diverse bacteria in the gut microbiome [are made up] of tens of trillion cells of more than 3,000 species. These gut bacteria and their metabolites have an outsize impact by producing or stimulating different neurotransmitters and metabolites that communicate with the brain and the immune system,' Topol writes. In addition, cells in the gut produce hormones such as glucagon-like peptide (GLP-1), gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), secretin, ghrelin and gastrin. The gut's interaction with the immune system is critical to maintaining the integrity of the gut lining and the blood-brain-barrier, Topol says. The gut microbiome has been described as the thermostat that controls the level of inflammation in our body. Every time we eat we contribute good and bad microbes to the microbiome. Illustration: Getty Images One way to think of the process is to compare it to taking oral medication. The microbes in our gut make compounds that enter our bloodstream, in the same way that when you take a pill by mouth, it makes its way through your blood system. Those compounds from our gut microbes are small enough to cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain, just like medications do. Research shows that microbes found in our gastrointestinal tract can have a direct impact on mood. In one Canadian study, researchers found that when 10- and 11-year-olds met recommendations for diet, as well as sleep, physical activity and screen time, they were less likely to need mental health interventions as adolescents. Conversely, separate research found that participants who had diets high in ultra-processed foods had the highest risk of depression. And we know that following a Mediterranean diet can prevent and reduce symptoms of depression and anxiety. There is also evidence of the microbiome's effect on our neurological health through the use of faecal transplants. This involves giving a small sample of stool from the colon of a healthy person to a recipient for therapeutic purposes. It is now a recognised treatment for recurrent bowel infection with the bacteria Clostridium difficile. The goal with the transplant is to have the healthy bacteria outcompete the Clostridium difficile and wipe out the stubborn infection. [ Dr Muiris Houston: Lifestyle changes to reduce your risk of stroke, dementia and late-life depression Opens in new window ] Studies are now under way looking at using faecal transplants for anorexia nervosa in teenagers. Research suggests there is a gut-brain connection, and scientists are finding there is an association between anorexia and imbalances in the gut microbiome, which could influence a person's behaviour. And there is a case report of a child with autism experiencing improvements in behaviour while being treated with faecal transplant for Clostridium difficile. The new GLP-1 family of drugs (such as Ozempic), developed for the treatment of diabetes and obesity, are now thought to influence the gut-brain axis. They are recognised for treating a broadening range of illnesses including heart failure, kidney disease, liver disease and sleep apnoea. Topol notes that even before there is weight loss with these drugs, there is evidence from experimental models of reduced body and brain inflammation. While drugs such as Ozempic have little direct penetrance to the brain, they exert their effect chiefly through the gut-brain axis. Topol speculates that, in time, the old saying, 'the way to a man's heart is through his stomach' will be revised to 'the way to a human's brain and immune system is through the gut'.

Scarlett Johansson has set a box office record. But could the movie star be out of a job?
Scarlett Johansson has set a box office record. But could the movie star be out of a job?

Irish Times

time3 days ago

  • Irish Times

Scarlett Johansson has set a box office record. But could the movie star be out of a job?

Somewhere out there, a Statler or a Waldorf is arguing that Scarlett Johansson is no Clark Gable. She's not even a Myrna Loy. They don't make them like that any more. Blah-blah. We will get to the relevance of those particular veterans in a moment, but, whatever one's feelings about Johansson, it cannot be denied that she has claimed one high-profile record all for herself. This week it emerged that she is now the highest-grossing lead actor of all time. This is not to say she is the best-paid actor. (Last year that was Duane 'the Rock' Johnson.) But movies starring Johansson have made more than movies starring anybody else. The co-lead of the current smash Jurassic World: Rebirth passes out Samuel L Jackson with her lifetime total of $14.9 billion, or about €12.7 billion. Robert Downey jnr , Zoë Saldaña and Chris Pratt complete the top five. [ Jurassic World: Rebirth review – the plot is mid-level dumb but 'good film' belongs among its keywords Opens in new window ] Words can scarcely express what a flawed metric this is for establishing the biggest – not to mention the greatest – movie star of all time. Inflation strips the figures of some relevancy, but, when it comes to the all-time box-office charts, the unadjusted number one remains something worth fighting over. Avatar, the current champ, is, astonishingly, still number two when you tweak for inflation. READ MORE No, the real issue is to do with the withering potency of the movie star. Almost none of the films that got Johansson to the top was sold on her name. This is no slight on an eminently likable and charismatic actor. The same can be said of the four who complete that top five. Scar-Jo gets there thanks to her role as Black Widow in the Marvel Cinematic Universe and, now, as gun-toting team leader in that Jurassic World movie. The stand-alone Black Widow film, released as we were coming out of Covid, is the lowest-grossing of her MCU flicks. Jackson and Downey jnr are also Marvel alumni. Saldaña registers for the MCU and the two Avatar films. Pratt scores for the MCU and the previous three Jurassic World films. So registering on this list is all about getting yourself signed on for the biggest franchises of the day. It has been said before; it will be said again. The intellectual property (as we grandly label familiar source material) is now the real star of the movie. What the hell is the name of the guy in that new Superman flick ? Dirk Cornswoggle? Doug Clangpiglet? Never mind. It's Superman, baby. At the risk of encouraging Statler and Waldorf, let us note that it was very much not this way in the old days. In 2000, TLA Releasing set out to tabulate the stars who had sold the most tickets at the box office through the decades. This is obviously a better model than highest grosser, as inflation has no bearing. [ Scarlett Johansson: 'I had a very formidable grandmother who I was incredibly close with' Opens in new window ] The results bring us back to a whole different universe. If you wished to be cynical you could still see this as a chart of brands, but the brand – honed and primped by the studio system – is the actor, not what then was not called a franchise. Gable, star of the annihilating Gone with the Wind, is at number one with 1.2 billion tickets sold. John Wayne is there at number two, with 1.1 billion. Everyone in that top 10 had an easily summarised type – avuncular Bing Crosby, homely Jimmy Stewart, suave Cary Grant and so on – and each knew not to swerve too far from that template. The only one who points towards our current compromised future is Harrison Ford, at number nine. True, he had already clocked up a bunch of Star Wars and Indiana Jones flicks, but, even in those, he felt like a craggy visitor from the golden age. The bad news for sentimental old fogeys is that no woman makes the top 10. It is, indeed, Myrna Loy who scrapes in first, at number 11, a few places ahead of Bette Davis and Judy Garland. All recognisable brands. Each the most saleable aspect of the films in which they starred. For all that sighing towards a supposedly golden past, one would have trouble arguing that Johansson is an unworthy candidate for stellar elevation. If not her then who else? True, she can't open a film like Bette Davis once did. But nobody can do that any more. Everything else about Johansson radiates vintage glamour. When she graduated from juvenile roles to adult lead, with Lost in Translation, in 2003, it was immediately apparent that we had a movie star on our hands. The worry is that the job of movie star is now as redundant as that of lamplighter, crossing sweeper or court jester. That Superman guy's name will come to me in a minute.

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