NYC proposes stricter rules to combat Legionnaires' disease as Harlem outbreak sparks concerns
The city Health Department plans on ramping up enforcement, penalties and reporting requirements for building water systems that are considered the source of many cases of Legionnaires' disease.
There have been three deaths and 81 infections reported in Harlem over the prior two weeks, with 24 people hospitalized.
5 New York City is preparing to announce new rules for cooling towers after the Legionnaires' disease outbreak in Harlem.
REUTERS
Health Department officials, when contacted by The Post, insisted the amended rules for cooling towers were in the works before the Harlem outbreak, which they said has been brought under control.
The beefed up rules are scheduled to go into effect next spring.
In a notice posted in The City Record, regulators proposed amending current rules 'to provide penalties for failure to comply with reporting inspections that include test sampling for Legionella' and to 'define penalties for requirements previously added' to the city administrative code.
The revisions will also add a new laboratory certification requirement for Legionella. Any such sampling must be conducted by a laboratory certified by the New York State Environmental Laboratory Accreditation Program.
The goal is to 'improve enforcement,' the Health Department's Bureau of Environmental Sciences and Engineering said.
Jory Lange, one lawyer who specializes in Legionnaires' cases, said New York City already has the toughest rules for cleaning towers in the country 'but the building owners are not following them.'
5 The outbreak has led to three deaths and 81 infections reported in Harlem this summer.
Michael Nagle
Lange said the current level of fines are not stiff enough to force compliance in buildings worth tens of millions of dollars.
He said it is troubling that 11 of the 43 towers inspected in Harlem — about 25% — tested positive for Legionella.
Also, inspections for Legionella bacteria in the city's cooling towers plummeted in the months leading up to an outbreak in Harlem, according to a review of records by Gothamist.
5 The new rules on cooling towers are set to go into effect next spring.
Michael Nagle
The department inspected 5,200 cooling towers and issued over 48,000 violations to building owners in 2017 after a new law went into effect following a deadly Legionnaires' outbreak in The Bronx.
This year, the city projected completing fewer than half that number of inspections, a record low when excluding the 2020 and 2021 COVID-19 pandemic years, the Gothamist review found.
People can catch Legionnaires' disease from bacterial droplets that come from water systems like cooling towers.
5 Dr. Michelle Morse (left), Acting Health Commissioner and Chief Medical Officer of the NYC Department of Health and Mental Hygiene, speaking at a press conference on the Legionnaires' disease outbreak in Harlem along with Councilmember Yusef Salaam (center) and Assemblyman Jordan Wright (right) on Aug. 7, 2025.
James Keivom
5 Assemblyman Jordan Wright speaking with a constituent after the conference sharing best practices for preventing the spread of Legionnaires' disease.
James Keivom
It can take between 12 and14 days from exposure to the droplets to start feeling sick, according to city Acting Health Commissioner Dr. Michelle Morse.
The current rules for owners of buildings with cooling towers lay out a range of penalties covering 31 different categories.
The maximum fine of $1,000 for a first offense and $2,000 for each additional offense include: failing to take immediate action for positive legionella results; failing to take samples for reporting them to the department;, not properly using recycle or rainwater; failure to minimize the release of water droplets that carry Legionella or having no maintenance program.
Owners also currently face initial $500 fines for failing to routinely monitor and conduct inspections for Legionnaires' disease or cleaning the tanks, or failing to increase chlorine or other disinfectants during the summer months of July and August when Legionella is more of a threat.
The city declined to provide any more details at this point about the beefed-up enforcement.
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