Fungal experts uncover giant 30-year-old specimen near Eltham
From left to right Dr Peter Buchanan, (front), Gerrie Viljoen, teacher at Ormiston Junior College, Auckland and Sam Lasham PhD student Auckland University (he's wearing orange, and was the person who found the enormous Ganoderma).
Photo:
Supplied
A trio of fungal experts stumbled across the largest Ganoderma specimen they had ever seen during the annual New Zealand Fungal Foray this week in Taranaki.
PhD student Sam Lasham found the enormous Ganoderma at Rotokare near Eltham.
He was accompanied by the academic leading the expedition, Dr Peter Buchanan from Manaaki Whenua Landcare Research, and Auckland teacher teacher Gerrie Viljoen.
He said the enormous Ganoderma was a perennial. "It can keep growing out and down, but only if there's enough food behind it, on the stump that it's growing on."
But Buchanan said he had never seen one this size before in 45 years of looking, and estimated the fungus was about 30 years old.
Around 50 fungal experts and enthusiasts from across the country are taking part in the four day event, which ends Saturday.
Participants observed and photographed fungi in surrounding native forests, some of which are unlikely to have been previously studied for their fungi. The foragers have permission from iwi/hapū, the Department of Conservation and Taranaki Council to collect them.
Several of the forests being accessed during this Foray are unlikely to have been previously studied for their fungi.
Orange pore fungus Favolaschia calocera.
Photo:
Supplied / Kim Triegaardt
This year's foray includes a "Fungus of the Year" promotion with 12 fungal candidates to vote from.
People can
vote for their favourite fungus
, or maybe vote for a fungus that is threatened, or culturally important, or edible, or (on the negative side) one that's causing an important disease. As a Kingdom entirely separate from plants, and more closely related to animals, fungi come in so many shapes, colours and forms.
On the specimen table at the Fungal Foray.
Photo:
Supplied / Kim Triegaardt
Sign up for Ngā Pitopito Kōrero
,
a daily newsletter curated by our editors and delivered straight to your inbox every weekday.
Hashtags

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles

RNZ News
4 hours ago
- RNZ News
Christchurch Hospital clinical director John O'Donnell retires after 42 years
Christchurch clinical director of immunology/immunopathology John O'Donnell in his lab. Photo: Supplied/Te Whatu Ora After 42 years working at Christchurch Hospital, John O'Donnell says it still feels like he just started yesterday. O'Donnell retired on Friday, 6 June, as clinical director of immunology/immunopathology. He started his time at Christchurch Hospital in 1977, as a medical student, moving up from Dunedin. After three years, he left for Waikato and was then based in a couple of other spots, including two years back in Christchurch, but by 1989, he was back as a consultant and he has remained ever since. O'Donnell has seen many changes in his time there, with the most notable being the complete change in the hospital buildings and the huge advances in computing technology. "When I started, there was no internet and there have been huge advances in computing technology," he said. "Email didn't exist, so communication is much more rapid, with cell phones and things like that. When we were on call, people used to carry around these bricks of a phone. I inherited one of those bricks to carry around." He said in laboratories, the automating of testing had also been a big change, although less so in his specialty area of immunology, where some testing still needed to be done manually. "You still get the scientist standing at a bench and pipetting things." He said there were also big changes in the understanding of the immune system. "Increasingly, it is recognised that many diseases we deal with are an aberration of the immune response. Certain diseases, like encephalitis or certain muscle diseases, it's the immune system attacking those organs to produce some quite bizarre changes in those organs, which we never thought of as being part of us, in terms of our immune system, going haywire. "We often saw them as perhaps a virus or some other thing, but often, it turns out it is the immune system attacking things." In Christchurch, he said there was an interest in muscle diseases and particularly those triggered by statin use. "Its a very rare complication, but it is one of the interests we have locally, testing for that sort of disorder called auto-immune myositis - an auto immune muscle inflammation. We have done some work and publications in that area." He still found the area fascinating and was amazed how quickly his time in the job had gone by. "I could have started yesterday." As he departed after more than 40 years, O'Donnell said the health system was going through its third major shake-up. "Health is always under strain," he said. "It's inevitable it will change. I don't think it's particularly helpful people yelling and posturing. Everybody knows there is a strain and we have to work together to come up with a system that works, without extracting things from other people all the time. "We have to work together and realise what the limitations are, and be realistic about what we can deliver, without crashing the system entirely." Sign up for Ngā Pitopito Kōrero , a daily newsletter curated by our editors and delivered straight to your inbox every weekday.

RNZ News
a day ago
- RNZ News
Unmanned military tech: Julia Macdonald
'The Hand Behind Unmanned' by Jacquelyn Schneider and Julia Macdonald. Photo: Supplied Mines, guided missiles, satellites and more recently drones, are just some of the military tech that have been developed over the last few hundred years. A new book 'The Hand Behind Unmanned' explores the factors and beliefs that led to the contemporary American arsenal and asks where it's headed in the future. Julia Macdonald is the co-author of the book, as well as the Director of Research and Engagement at the Asia New Zealand Foundation, and a Research Professor at the University of Denver. She's also held positions at the RAND Corporation, in Aotearoa at the Ministry of Defence, and Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet where she led development of New Zealand's first National Security Strategy. Julia speaks with Susie Ferguson.

RNZ News
2 days ago
- RNZ News
Sucrose doesn't stop long-term impacts on preterm baby development
By Mia Mclean of This story was originally published on The Conversation. Babies born before 32 weeks gestation who have procedures in hospital that cause pain, such as the routine heel prick, suffer long-term consequences. Photo: Neil Salter Infants born very preterm spend weeks or even months in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) while their immature brains are still developing. During this time, they receive up to 16 painful procedures every day . The most common is a routine heel prick used to collect a blood sample. Suctioning of the infant's airways is also common. While many of these procedures provide critical care, we know they are acutely painful . Even tearing tape off the skin can be painful. We also know, from decades of research, that preterm babies' exposure to daily painful invasive procedures is related to altered brain development , stress functioning and poorer cognitive and behavioural outcomes . The commonest strategy to manage acute pain in preterm babies is to give them sucrose, a sugar solution. But my recent research with Canadian colleagues shows this doesn't stop these long-term impacts. In New Zealand, there is no requirement to document all procedures or pain treatments. But as the findings from our Canadian study show, we urgently need research to improve long-term health outcomes for children born prematurely. We collected data on the number of procedures, clinical exposures and sucrose doses from three NICUs across Canada. One of these sites does not use sucrose for acute pain management. This meant we were able to compare outcomes for children who received sucrose during their NICU stay and those who did not, without having to randomly assign infants to different care as you would in a randomised controlled trial - the gold standard approach. Very early born babies can spend weeks and months in a Newborn Intensive Care Unit. Photo: RNZ / Cole Eastham-Farrelly At 18 months of age, when children born preterm are typically seen for a follow-up, parents report on their child's behaviour. Our findings replicate earlier research: very preterm babies who were exposed to painful procedures early in life showed more anxiety and depressive symptoms by toddlerhood. Our findings are similar regarding a child's cognition and language , backing results from other studies . We found no link between preterm babies' later behaviour and how much sucrose they were given to manage pain. Sucrose is thought to activate centres of the brain that modulate pain and lead to the release of endorphins , but the exact mechanism remains unclear. It has become the worldwide standard of care for acute neonatal pain, but it doesn't seem to be helping in the long term. About one in 13 babies are born preterm each year in Aotearoa New Zealand. Some 1-2% are very preterm, two to four months early. Māori and other ethnic minorities are at higher risk . Studies in New Zealand show children born very preterm have up to a three-fold risk of emotional disorders in preschool and by school age . This remains evident through adulthood. Sucrose may stop preterm babies from showing signs of pain , but physiological and neurological pain responses nevertheless happen. As is the case internationally, sucrose is used widely in New Zealand, but there is considerable variation in protocols of use across hospitals. No national guidelines for best practice exist. Infant pain should be assessed, but international data suggest this isn't always the case. What's more, pain isn't always managed . Routine assessment of pain and parent education videos are useful initiatives to encourage pain management. Minimising the number of procedures is recommended by international bodies . Advances in clinical care, including the use of less invasive ventilation support and the inclusion of parents in the daily care of their infant, have seen the number of procedures decrease . Pain management guidelines also help, but whether these changes improve outcomes in the long-term, we don't know yet. We do know there are other ways of treating neonatal pain and minimising long-term impacts. Placing a newborn on a parent's bare chest, skin-to-skin, effectively reduces short and long-term effects of neonatal pain. For times when whānau are not able to be in the NICU, we have limited evidence that other pain management strategies, such as expressed breast milk , are effective. Our recent research cements this: sucrose isn't helping as we thought. Understanding which pain management strategies should be used for short and long-term benefits of this vulnerable population could make a big difference in the lives of these babies. This requires additional research and a different approach, while considering what is culturally acceptable in Aotearoa New Zealand. If the strategies we are currently using aren't working, we need to think creatively about how to limit the impact of pain on children born prematurely.