What is 'Red 40,' food dye banned by FDA and RFK Jr?

Express Tribune

23-04-2025

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has banned Red Dye No. 40 in food and drinks, citing growing evidence that the artificial colouring may contribute to hyperactivity and behavioural issues in children.
Red Dye 40, also known as Allura Red, has been a staple in children's snacks for decades, brightening cereals, candies, and drinks with vivid red hues. But amid increasing scrutiny, the FDA has now prohibited its use, triggering a major shift in the food industry.
The agency said its decision followed new research showing potential links between the dye and neurobehavioral changes in children, including hyperactivity, impulsiveness, and attention issues.
A 2022 meta-analysis reviewing 25 studies found consistent behavioural effects in some children following consumption of Red 40.
Although not all children are affected, the FDA concluded the risks outweigh the benefits of using the dye. Officials also noted allergic and inflammatory responses in animal studies, strengthening the case for a ban.
European regulators had long required warning labels on products containing Red 40. The FDA's new ban goes further, removing the ingredient entirely from the U.S. market.
Products impacted include cereals like Froot Loops, candies such as Skittles, and beverages including fruit punches and sports drinks. Red 40 has also been used in baked goods, flavoured snacks, condiments, and even some vitamin drinks.
Manufacturers are already preparing to reformulate products using natural colourants. These include plant-based alternatives such as beet juice, carrot extract, spirulina, and paprika.
Companies like Kellogg's and Mars, Inc. are among those exploring natural replacements.
Food scientists say natural colourings may produce subtler shades than artificial dyes, but they expect minimal impact on flavour or texture.
The move has been widely praised by parents and paediatricians. Many parents who had already removed Red 40 from their children's diets reported noticeable improvements in behaviour, sleep, and focus.
The American Academy of Pediatrics welcomed the FDA's action, calling it a win for child health. Still, experts advise parents to consider other factors such as sugar and sleep that can also affect behaviour.
The FDA's decision marks a shift in public health policy, acknowledging consumer concerns and scientific findings. While foods may look a little less vibrant, many families see the change as a positive step towards safer nutrition for children.