Supreme Court set to review Karnataka's challenge on TDR for royal heirs

Time of India

26-05-2025

The
Supreme Court
agreed to list for hearing on Tuesday a plea of the
Karnataka government
challenging grant of
Transferable Development Rights
(TDR) certificates to the legal heirs of the erstwhile
Mysore royal family
in connection with the acquisition of 15 acres of
Bangalore Palace Grounds
.
Initially, a bench comprising Chief Justice B R Gavai and Justice Augustine George Masih asked senior advocate Kapil Sibal, appearing for the state government, as to how it can review the order passed by another bench.
On May 22, another bench comprising Justices MM Sundresh and Aravind Kumar had directed the Karnataka government to issue TDR certificates worth Rs 3,011 crore to the royal heirs in a contempt proceeding.
However, the senior lawyer said the TDR provision, introduced through a 2004 amendment to the Karnataka Town and Country Planning Act, cannot be applied retrospectively to land acquired in 1996 under the Bangalore Palace (Acquisition and Transfer) Act.
He said the 15 acres were acquired before the TDR provision existed, and that any compensation was already settled under the original Act.
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"This acquisition occurred under a 1996 law, and compensation of Rs 11 crore was fixed. The concept of TDR didn't exist at that time. Section 14B, which permits TDR, was introduced only in 2004, and applies only where landowners voluntarily surrender their land and not where the State acquires it compulsorily," he said.
The dispute dates back to 1997, when the royal family challenged the validity of the 1996 Act before the top court and the plea is still pending.
Meanwhile, the state government sought to develop a road on a portion of the palace grounds, which triggered a series of litigations and ultimately led to the contempt petitions.
The senior lawyer raised concerns about the contempt judgment, arguing that the bench failed to address his legal objections under Section 14B.
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"You cannot amend a final judgment or introduce new rights via a contempt proceeding," he said.
The bench questioned whether the current bench could "sit in appeal" over the order passed by a coordinate bench.
Sibal clarified that the state government was not seeking to overturn the earlier order, but only to ensure that its legal concerns are properly addressed within the framework of the pending appeal.
TDR certificates are a mechanism used in land acquisition to compensate landowners when their property is taken for public projects like road widening or infrastructure development.