People with Covid-19 history show increased severity of Malaria and Dengue: Study
A case-control study was conducted at the department of community medicine at Kasturba Medical College, Mangaluru. It was published in the 'BMC Infectious Diseases' journal recently. The study was conducted by Dr Prasanna Mithra, Dr Rekha T, Dr Nithin Kumar, Dr Ramesh Holla, Dr Mithun Rao, and Dr Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan from the department of community medicine, KMC, Mangaluru. Dr Naveen Chandra Kulal, who was the district vector-borne disease control programme officer, was also part of the study.
Dr Mithra told TOI that the research indicated that previous Covid-19 infection exacerbated the seriousness of these diseases, particularly among individuals with additional risk factors such as socioeconomic status, education level, and occupation. The case-control study involved 293 individuals with confirmed cases of Covid-19 infection. This study is the first of its kind in this region to explore this connection.
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Researchers examined 293 adults diagnosed with either malaria or dengue in Mangaluru (both in the hospitals and community), a region where these vector-borne diseases are common and often associated with complications. A key finding was that individuals who had a history of Covid infection had higher chances of developing a severe form of malaria or dengue. Specifically, 85.7% of patients with severe malaria and 98.1% of those with severe dengue were previously infected with Covid-19.
The participants who were positive for either malaria or dengue from Nov 2022 to Aug 2024 were selected.
The study also identified other sociodemographic factors that increased the risk of severe disease. Dr Mithra added that this research points towards the possibility of persistent inflammatory responses and immunological changes caused by a previous Covid-19 infection, which might alter how the body responds to other infectious diseases like malaria and dengue, potentially leading to severe complications.
This finding could help shape public health policies in regions where vector-borne diseases are endemic.
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