Obstetricians attend workshop on ‘assisted vaginal births'
The Andhra Pradesh government, in collaboration with Fernandez Foundation and the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), on Wednesday (June 25) inaugurated a Training of Trainers (ToT) workshop on Assisted Vaginal Births (AVB) in Vijayawada.
AVB is recognised as one of the seven signal functions of Basic Emergency Obstetric Care (BEmOC), but has seen declining practice in many health facilities. The two-day training programme aims to revive confidence and clinical proficiency in AVB to safely manage second-stage complications and reduce surgical interventions where avoidable, according to a press release from the Department of Health, Medical Education and Family Welfare.
During the workshop, senior obstetricians from 22 districts of the State will be trained in AVB techniques, including forceps and vacuum delivery, and they will then share the knowledge with health staff at district-level facilities. The training programme is being led by the clinical faculty members from Fernandez Hospital, Hyderabad.
Inaugurating the workshop, Health and Family Welfare Commissioner G. Veerapandian said there is a need to reduce unnecessary Caesarean sections in the State, which currently stood at 42.4% as per National Family Health Survey-5.
He said the workshop and the AVB project are part of the government's broader strategy to promote physiologic births, reduce maternal morbidity and integrate midwifery-led care into high-delivery facilities. The AVB project, funded by Laerdal Foundation, will be implemented across the State over a period of three years.
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Business Standard
3 hours ago
- Business Standard
Understanding gestational diabetes: Why early detection, awareness matter
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that develops during pregnancy. In this condition, the body of the pregnant woman becomes less sensitive to insulin made by the pancreas, especially in the second and third trimesters. It causes elevated blood sugar levels, which, if unchecked, can lead to complications for both mother and baby. How common is GDM and what do the latest data show? Survey data from the International Institute of Population Sciences (IIPS), Mumbai shows developing countries—like India—are seeing sharper rises in diabetes than developed nations. The study analysed the individual data from the National Family Health Survey (NFHS) surveyed in 2015–2016 (4th round) and 2019–2021 (5th round). The number of diabetic women is projected to reach 313.3 million by 2040 globally. In 2015 alone, around 5 million Indian women had GDM—16.2 per cent of live births, with 85.1 per cent attributed specifically to GDM. Regional studies show varied prevalence: - 17.8 per cent in urban areas - 13.8 per cent in semi-urban areas - 9.9 per cent in rural areas The study highlights the key risk factors as: High BMI High-glycaemic index (GI) food Lack of exercise/physical inactivity Long-term contraceptive use Multimorbidity Hyperthyroidism Why is GDM often missed or diagnosed too late? Despite regional differences, delayed or missed GDM detection remains widespread. Universal screening at 24–28 weeks, and earlier for high-risk women, is essential. Dr Kalyan Kumar Gangopadhyay, Endocrinologist – CMRI, Kolkata told Business Standard: 'One of the studies revealed that GDM cases were missed among 57 per cent of mothers, chiefly because the condition can remain asymptomatic until sugar levels become dangerously high.' Dr Abhinaya Alluri, Senior Gynaecologist & Obstetrician, CARE Hospitals, Hyderabad added: 'In clinical practice, missed or late diagnoses of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are unfortunately not uncommon, especially in resource-limited settings or among women with limited antenatal care access. GDM often presents without obvious symptoms, so without proactive screening, it can go undetected until later stages of pregnancy.' What are the risks of untreated gestational diabetes? The consequences of gestational diabetes can be serious if not diagnosed and managed early. For the mother, GDM increases the risk of: Preeclampsia (a dangerous pregnancy complication involving high blood pressure) Development of type 2 diabetes later in life Caesarean delivery For the baby, late-diagnosed or untreated GDM can lead to: Macrosomia (excessive birth weight), increasing the risk of birth trauma Shoulder dystocia, a delivery complication where the baby's shoulders get stuck behind the mother's pelvic bone Neonatal hypoglycaemia (low blood sugar in new-borns) Higher lifetime risk of obesity and glucose intolerance Can gestational diabetes lead to long-term health problems for the child? Recent research published in The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology, summarised by Business Standard, shows that maternal diabetes—whether gestational or pre-existing—is linked to increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders in children. A globally pooled meta-analysis of 56 million pregnancies in over 200 studies found: 25 per cent higher risk of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) 30 per cent higher risk of ADHD 32 per cent higher risk of intellectual disability 28 per cent higher overall risk of any neurodevelopmental condition How is gestational diabetes diagnosed during pregnancy? Diagnosis of gestational diabetes is typically done through simple, non-invasive blood tests. The most common tests include: Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT): Conducted between 24–28 weeks of pregnancy. The patient drinks a glucose solution, and blood sugar levels are tested at regular intervals. Cost: ₹300–₹800 (private labs), free or subsidised in government hospitals Fasting Blood Sugar (FBS) and Postprandial Blood Sugar (PPBS): Sometimes used as preliminary screening tools, especially during early pregnancy. Cost: ₹100–₹300 Random Blood Sugar Test and HbA1c (glycated haemoglobin): May also be used in some cases. Cost: ₹500–₹800 What treatment options are available for GDM? Once diagnosed, GDM can usually be managed with lifestyle changes. Treatment includes: Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT): A customised diet plan focused on low glycaemic index foods, adequate protein and fibre. Cost: ₹500–₹1,500 per session Self-Monitoring of Blood Glucose (SMBG): Regular glucose checks using home glucometers. Cost: ₹700–₹2,500 Medication: If blood sugar levels are not controlled through diet and exercise alone, doctors may prescribe: Insulin therapy (safe during pregnancy) Occasionally, oral anti-diabetic drugs like metformin (depending on clinical judgement) Cost: ₹1,000–₹3,000 per month Costs vary depending on location (urban vs rural), hospital (private vs public), and the frequency of monitoring or medication needed. Many government maternity clinics offer free GDM screening and management under the national health scheme. How do diet and lifestyle changes support early intervention? Controlling GDM often begins with diet and exercise. Balanced meals, fewer high-GI foods, and regular physical activity—even gentle exercise like prenatal walking—can regulate blood sugar effectively. 'In my practice, as soon as a woman is identified as high-risk, due to BMI, family history, or previous GDM, we begin counselling on balanced nutrition, physical activity, and healthy weight gain goals. A structured dietary plan focusing on complex carbohydrates, lean proteins, and fibre, along with portion control, can significantly help in maintaining glycaemic control. The key is personalisation—each woman's cultural background, food preferences, and lifestyle need to be considered,' said Dr Alluri. Adding to the discourse, Dr Kumar said, 'Women who are overweight or obese prior to conception are at significantly higher risk, and for that, pre-pregnancy weight management through healthy eating and exercising is highly recommended. I encourage patients to treat GDM as a condition they can manage, supported by structured meal plans and lifestyle coaching as needed.' Why early awareness and public education on GDM are essential The stakes are high: GDM not only affects immediate pregnancy outcomes but can also influence a child's lifelong cognitive and behavioural development. Highlighting the importance of awareness, Dr Alluri said, 'Public health campaigns, community outreach, and integrating GDM education into routine prenatal visits can significantly improve awareness. Social media, mobile health platforms, and maternal health apps also offer powerful channels for dissemination. Collaborations between obstetricians, diabetologists, and public health experts can ensure messaging is consistent and accessible. Ultimately, improving awareness is the first step toward early screening, timely diagnosis, and effective management of GDM.'
United News of India
a day ago
- United News of India
Mann Ki Baat: PM highlights public health gains, grassroots change, dwells on Emergency anniversary
New Delhi, June 29 (UNI) Prime Minister Narendra Modi today highlighted India's public health milestones, growing grassroots participation and women-led development efforts, while reflecting upon the 50th anniversary of the Emergency. In the 123rd edition of his monthly talk show Mann ki Baat, PM Modi recalled the nationwide enthusiasm surrounding the 10th International Yoga Day, observed on June 21. He noted in detail the wide-scale participation across the country and abroad, with the headline events in Visakhapatnam witnessing three lakh people perform yoga, and 2,000 tribal students conducting 108 Surya Namaskars. Similar events were held in Telangana (featuring 3,000 Divyang participants), on the Chenab Bridge in J&K, aboard Indian Naval ships, and in cities across the world including New York and Paris, Modi said while stressing that 'this time the theme was also very special, 'Yoga for One Earth, One Health'. This is not just a slogan; it is a direction which makes us realize the essence of 'Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam'. I am sure, the grandeur of this year's Yoga Day will certainly inspire more and more people to adopt yoga.' He lauded the World Health Organisation's recent declaration of India as Trachoma-free, attributing the achievement to improved sanitation and access to clean drinking water under initiatives such as the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and Jal Jeevan Mission. He also cited an ILO (International Labour Organisation) report which states that over 64% of India's population now benefits from some form of social protection, up from fewer than 25 crore beneficiaries in 2015. Nearly 95 crore people are now covered by welfare schemes — a figure the PM described as indicative of saturation-based governance. Referring to women-led Self Help Groups (SHGs) in Telangana, Karnataka and Madhya Pradesh, the Prime Minister commended grassroots entrepreneurship and health awareness efforts, such as millet-based products and low-cost sanitary pads. Marking 50 years since the imposition of the Emergency (1975–77), Modi played archival audio clips of former PM Morarji Desai, Babu Jagjivan Ram, and Atal Bihari Vajpayee, describing the period as one of repression. He recalled the suspension of civil liberties, arrests under MISA, media censorship and judicial curbs, and lauded the people's resistance that led to the restoration of democracy. 'We countrymen have observed the 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas'. We should always remember all those people who fought the Emergency with fortitude. This inspires us to remain constantly vigilant to keep our Constitution strong and enduring,' he added. Other segments highlighted the Bodoland CEM Football Cup in Assam as he talked about footballers like Halicharan Narzary and Durga Boro who were mentioned as symbols of youth aspiration and transformation in a region once marked by conflict. Referring to young footballers from Bodoland who have risen to national prominence despite limited resources, the PM noted that their journeys were marked by perseverance and resilience. 'Many of them practised with limited resources; many forged their way through difficult circumstances, and today many young children of the country kickstart their dreams, inspired by their names,' he said. Emphasising the importance of fitness and well-being, Modi reiterated one of his earlier suggestions for tackling rising obesity by reducing oil consumption by 10% in daily diets. 'When you're fit, you will be more super hit in life,' he remarked, highlighting concerns over lifestyle-related health issues. The PM also touched upon the spiritual and community dimensions of religious yatras, referring to the resumption of the Kailash Mansarovar Yatra, the Amarnath Yatra from July 3, and the Rath Yatra of Lord Jagannath, all of which he framed as symbols of 'Ek Bharat, Shreshtha Bharat'. Reflecting on the overwhelming response in Vietnam to the display of Buddha's sacred relics from Nagarjunakonda (Andhra Pradesh), which drew 1.5 crore visitors across nine locations, he described it as an example of India's cultural and spiritual diplomacy, and urged citizens to visit Buddhist heritage sites within the country. Praising environmental efforts across India from Gujarat to Maharashtra, the PM mentioned Pune's Ramesh Kharmale, who spends weekends planting trees and digging trenches on the Junnar hills. He also referred to the Ahmedabad Municipal Corporation's 'Mission for Million Trees', including a 'Sindoor Van' to honour martyrs of Operation Sindoor. In Maharashtra, Chhatrapati Sambhajinagar district's Patoda village, a Carbon neutral panchayat with zero littering, wastewater treatment, and eco-friendly cremation practices also found mention in the PM's radio speech with listeners being urged to join campaigns like 'Ek Ped Maa Ke Naam', which promotes tree plantation in a parent's name. Modi noted that July 1 marks Doctors' Day and Chartered Accountants' Day, hailing doctors as guardians of health and CAs as stewards of India's economic life. UNI AJ SSP
India Gazette
a day ago
- India Gazette
"This Success belongs to our health workers": PM Modi celebrates India's Trachoma-free status recognised by WHO
New Delhi [India], June 29 (ANI): Prime Minister Narendra Modi, in the 123rd edition of his monthly radio address Mann Ki Baat, celebrated a significant public health milestone, announcing that the World Health Organization (WHO) has officially declared India 'Trachoma-free.' Highlighting this achievement, PM Modi attributed the success to the tireless efforts of the country's frontline health workers. 'We resolved to eliminate trachoma and I am delighted to share with you that WHO has declared India as Trachoma-free. This is the result of the efforts of millions of people who tirelessly fought this disease without stopping. This success belongs to our health workers.' He also acknowledged the crucial role played by national initiatives like the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan and the Jal Jeevan Mission, which contributed significantly to eliminating the root causes of trachoma. 'The 'Swatch Bharat Abhiyan' also played a major role in its elimination. 'Jal Jeevan Mission' also contributed significantly to this success. Now that clean water is reaching every household through taps, the risk of such diseases has reduced significantly. WHO has also appreciated that India not only dealt with the disease but also addressed its root causes,' he said. On October 8, 2024, the WHO declared that the Government of India has eliminated Trachoma as a public health problem. Trachoma is a bacterial eye infection that can cause blindness if left untreated. It was once widespread in many regions of India. He said, 'The first achievement is related to our health. Many of you might have heard about an eye disease - Trachoma. This disease spreads through bacteria, and there was a time when this disease was common in many parts of India. If neglected, this disease eventually causes blindness.' Meanwhile, during his address, PM Modi also condemned the imposition of the Emergency in the country and termed the period as one of the darkest chapters in India's democratic history. He said that the country is observing the 50th anniversary of the Emergency as 'Samvidhan Hatya Diwas'. He also played a rare archival audio of former Prime Ministers Morarji Desai, Babu Jagjivan Ram and Atal Bihari Vajpayee, who described the Emergency as a time of constitutional murder, mass arrests, and the suppression of civil liberties and press freedom. The Prime Minister asserted that every citizen should remember the ones who fought 'bravely' against the Emergency and it also inspires us to stay 'vigilant' to 'safeguard' the constitution. PM Modi said, 'Morarji Desai describes the Emergency in brief... Not only did those who imposed the Emergency murder democracy, but their intention was to keep the judiciary as their puppet... Under 'MISA', anyone was arrested arbitrarily, people were tortured... Indians refused to compromise on democracy. Finally, people won and the Emergency was lifted. Babu Jagjivan Ram powerfully about this.' MISA refers to the Maintenance of Internal Security Act, a law used extensively during the Emergency to detain political opponents without trial. (ANI)
