Silk and collagen based gel to speed up wound healing
Chennai: Silk has long been worn on the skin. Now, city scientists have found a way to make it help the skin heal too.
A research team at CSIR-Central Leather Research Institute (CLRI) developed a new gel by combining silk fibroin and a lab-made collagen-like protein.
The gel, called PASCH (Photo-activated Silk fibroin and Collagen-like protein Hydrogel), is designed to speed up wound healing and support the body's natural repair process.
Silk fibroin, extracted from silkworm cocoons, is safe for the body but does not support cell growth well. To solve this, scientists added a lab-made collagen-like protein, CLP-BS. While natural collagen aids skin repair, it comes with risks like allergies and instability.
The synthetic version avoids these problems.
The two proteins are bonded using visible blue light and riboflavin (vitamin B2), which safely trigger strong chemical bonds known as dityrosine crosslinks. This process helps form a stable gel without the need for UV rays or harmful chemicals.
Researchers say the hydrogel can be used for diabetic wounds and burn injuries. It can be applied directly, carried easily, and stored in a regular refrigerator or even at room temperature (around 27C) without losing effectiveness.
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The gel keeps wounds cool and moist, which supports healing and reduces discomfort. It is also biologically compatible and unlikely to trigger allergic reactions.
"The hydrogel would benefit elderly patients the most. Their skin is fragile, and frequent dressing is difficult. A self-managing gel that maintains hydration and supports healing without extra help is ideal," said Scientist Niraikulam Ayyadurai of the Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, CLRI.
The team tested different silk-to-collagen ratios and found the 7:3 blend worked best. Researchers said it formed a porous gel that allowed skin cells to grow, spread, and move. It absorbed wound fluids and broke down slowly, which is helpful for deep or long-lasting wounds. The material also showed strength, flexibility, and thermal stability.
The team found lab tests with human skin and blood vessel cells showed faster cell movement and growth. The gel supported quicker wound closure and boosted proteins that aid tissue repair. It also reduced inflammation and did not damage red blood cells, suggesting it may be safe for use inside the body.
The team is now planning clinical studies with this and other hybrid materials developed for wound healing.
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