
Iranians in Germany struggle with war back home
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The conflict between Israel and Iran has deeply affected the Iranian diaspora community in Germany.
As a shaky ceasefire already threatens to quickly unravel, those who spoke with DW said they feel helpless, watching events unfold with anxiety and fear for friends and family.
More than 970 people in Iran have been killed with over 3,400 injured in Israeli strikes since June 13, according to the Washington-based group Human Rights Activists. Iranian strikes on Israel have killed at least 24 people and injured over 1,000.
As the conflict continues, daily life in Iran is being severely disrupted. Authorities in Iran have cut off internet connectivity, which makes it harder for families to stay in touch, while stifling information about what is happening in the country.
A crowd in Tehran waves flags at a protestA crowd in Tehran waves flags at a protest
Some Iranians in Germany said they feel guilty, torn between the safety of their adopted home and the chaos engulfing their homeland. Germany is home to one of Europe's largest Iranian diaspora communities.
In Munich, Cologne, Berlin and Stuttgart, thousands of kilometers away from the chaos of war, they grapple with powerlessness, often unable to contact loved ones, and left only with hope.
Interviewees have not shared their full names for security reasons.
'The guilt is unbearable'
Sahar, 35, has lived in Germany's southern city of Munich for eight years. She said she had never imagined waking up to news of war in Iran.
"For years, the regime told us: yes, there are sanctions against us, yes, we lack freedoms, but at least we have security," she said.
"Where is that security now?"
Sahar said it's hard to convey the emotional weight of the conflict to her German friends and colleagues.
"How do you describe the feeling of knowing your people are suffering day and night, and then suddenly a missile hits their home in the middle of the night?"
Sahar said she is even contemplating returning to Iran.
"If this war drags on, I want to be with my family. The guilt is unbearable. At least if something happens, I'll be there with them."
A mother alone in Tehran
In the western city of Cologne, Omid said he worries about his 86-year-old mother who lives alone in Tehran.
Her caregiver fled the city in fear two days ago.
"I was planning to visit her next month," Omid said. "Now, I can't even reach her. The internet is down. Her landline doesn't work. I've never felt this helpless."
"My mother's hearing is weak. Maybe she can't hear the explosions," he said.
Omid has turned to neighbors, requesting them to check on her. But with communication cut off, he said it sometimes feels like shouting into a void.
Suffering in silence
Mastaneh, an engineer in the southern city of Stuttgart, avoids talking about Iran at work.
"If someone asks, I'll cry," she said. "So, I start talking about projects and deadlines before anyone can bring it up."
One day, while lost in thought at the office coffee machine, her Syrian colleague gently squeezed her hand and said: "I understand how you feel."
That simple gesture broke her. "I hugged her and whispered, 'Poor people of the Middle East.'"
A baby in danger
Ali, a musician in the small western city of Aachen, said he worries about his baby niece in Iran who was born with a heart condition.
"She needs constant medical care," he said.
"My sister spent 14 hours trying to reach a safer city. I was losing my mind," he said, adding that his sister now cannot access the usual medical treatment needed for her baby.
"If something happens to her, who do we blame?" Ali said.
"Iran is as responsible as Israel.
Netanyahu
and Khamenei are equally guilty," he said, referring to the prime minister of Israel and Iran's Supreme Leader.
Communication cut off
Many Iranians abroad are clinging to any thread of connection back home. As soon as someone finds a working phone line or internet access in Iran, others are quickly informed.
In the German capital, Berlin, Payam and a few others have created a WhatsApp group. Whenever someone in Iran is able to get online, the group asks them to check on multiple families.
"The psychological pressure of the internet blackout is worse than the war itself.
Not knowing anything about my family is the scariest part," Payam said.
"If the government truly believes cutting the internet makes things safer, I can live with that. But if this blackout drags on and the war becomes drawn out, it'll be a nightmare," he added.
"Actually, we're already living in one … will I hear from my family again?"
Solmaz, who came to Germany as a refugee many years ago, hasn't returned to Iran in over two decades.
"Will I hear their voices again?" she said, wondering about her friends and family still in Iran.
She lost her mother three years ago, and last year, she met with her siblings in Turkey for a rare reunion.
"It was the first time I saw my nieces and nephews," she said. "Even though I had never met them before, I realized how deeply I love them."
These days, Solmaz finds herself constantly thinking about her teenage nieces and nephews.
"I worry about their future. Is there any hope for them in this situation?" she said.
She said her 16-year-old niece, Nasim, used to call her daily before the internet was cut off in Iran.
"With her unique humor, she'd say, 'Auntie, another explosion happened here!' and then laugh loudly. She'd walk around the house with her phone, giving me a full report on everyone. She once joked, 'Auntie, are our dads braver than us? There are explosions everywhere, and my dad is just debating whether the watermelon he bought is sweet enough.'"
Now, with days of complete silence from her family, Solmaz said she can't stop crying when she thinks of Nasim's jokes.
"I don't know if I'll ever hear their voices again — those who had no choice but to stay in Tehran," Solmaz said.
'Listen to the people inside Iran'
Negar, recently divorced and battling depression, said the war has sapped her of every ounce of strength.
"I feel numb. I follow the news, I see the images, but I feel nothing. Maybe I'm in shock," she said.
"What difference does it make if you write about me and a few others here? Who cares? Go listen to the people inside Iran!" she said
Journalist Gilda Sahebi describes 'mixed feelings' in Iran.
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'Is this @INCIndia idea of ease of doing business……' Urs posted late Monday, tagging Lok Sabha Leader of the Opposition Rahul Gandhi and Karnataka Chief Minister Siddaramaiah. The offer came less than 24 hours after Urs posted on X, threatening to move out of Karnataka, which increased the distillery licence fee by a whopping 50 percent. Bengaluru: Aruna Urs, co-founder of Mysuru-based craft rum distiller, Huli, was driving for work Tuesday when he received a call from a friend delivering an unusual message on behalf of Andhra Pradesh minister Nara Lokesh. Lokesh extended an offer of a 'tailor-made excise policy' and red carpet welcome to encourage Urs to relocate his craft rum micro-distillery to the neighbouring state, according to a source from Lokesh's office. It had been more than a month since Urs wrote to the Karnataka government, asking it to reconsider its original 100 percent license fee increase that was later reduced by half. He received no response. The state government is literally forcing #huli to move out of Mysuru to Goa or Maharashtra. The annual distillery licensee fee has been increased by 50%! Is this @INCIndia idea of ease of doing business @RahulGandhi @siddaramaiah? — Aruna Urs (@Arunaurs) June 23, 2025 'For one year of licence fees in Karnataka, I can operate for nearly five years in Goa,' Urs told ThePrint. The upstart company, which pays Rs 63.10 lakh for various licence fees, will now have to pay Rs 90 lakh to do business in Karnataka. 'This is pure extortion,' Urs said. He compared this to Goa, where he would pay around Rs 20 lakh for the first year and then Rs 17 lakh for each subsequent year. Karnataka's decision to hike the licence fee has opened the door for the neighbouring states to position themselves as more investor-friendly. Each time professionals have complained, whether it's about language or Bengaluru's crumbling infrastructure, neighbouring states like Andhra Pradesh and Telangana have reacted promptly and invited companies or individuals with the promise of a better business environment. Since the rollout of Goods and Services Tax, states rely on excise duties, stamp duty and motor vehicle taxes, as well as other levies, to raise revenues as revenue inflows from the Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led Union government continue to dry up. For Karnataka, excise, in particular, has been a steady revenue generator. Successive governments have increased excise rates of liquor and beer at every given opportunity to shore up revenues to make up for revenue shortfalls, said industry representatives. 'In less than 24 months, the additional excise duty on the beer industry has been increased three times and excise duty has been increased once in Karnataka. So, four tax increases in less than 24 months in Karnataka. As a result, prices of a bottle (of beer) have gone up from around Rs 160 to Rs 200,' Vinod Giri, director general of The Brewers Association of India (BAI), told ThePrint. Also Read: What's the brewery controversy that has united Congress & BJP against the Left in Kerala 'Open or shut, excise dept forces targets' In the past three financial years, Karnataka has raised its excise targets by over Rs 10,000 crore combined, according to the state economic survey. In 2022-23, the government of Karnataka met its target, earning Rs 29,920.36 crore from the sale of liquor and beer. The target for the ongoing fiscal year is Rs 40,000 crore. But the state's revenue from excise in 2024-25 stood at Rs 36,500 crore compared with the target of Rs 38,525 crore. Trends from at least the past five fiscal years show that revenues and targets from excise on liquor and beer have seen an upward trend. Retailers, hoteliers and other liquor vendors in Bengaluru said high targets only add to pressure from the department to sell more, even though sales have slumped as outlets are forced to shut for elections and processions. 'For even small MLC elections, which have less than 10,000-15,000 voters in some distant place, they make us close our business. Even when a major procession passes through our establishments, we have been forced to close our hotel,' said a Bengaluru-based hotelier, requesting anonymity. 'But this does not mean that we get some concession on the minimum stock purchase. Open or shut, we are expected to buy a quota of liquor every month from the government.' The hotelier added that only in Karnataka does the excise department force closure of restaurants that serve liquor and not just the beverage section, as is the norm in other states. 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But, so far, this has not stopped investments in the state, which has 11 major brewers, the highest of all states in the country. Urs said he is a small brewer who needs government support and should not be clubbed with larger players. He added that for every bottle of Huli, its signature jaggery-based rum, the company earns a total revenue of Rs 630, while the government taxes amount to Rs 1,537.50. This takes the price per 750 ml bottle to Rs 2,167. Urs said that the Rs 630 his company earns per bottle has to cover operational expenses – including salaries, electricity bills, raw materials and other production costs, leaving little room for profit. India is one of the fastest-growing alcoholic beverage markets. In 2023, the market size was about $55 billion. It is expected to increase at a CAGR of seven per cent to $73 billion in 2027. However, Giri said Karnataka's liquor industry is under threat since it has become harder to sell investment pitches where operational costs are going up and sales are coming down. There is a misconception that a hike in prices does not affect consumption at all, he added. He said that the 'tendency to overtax' will lead to the industry and government turning into 'net losers'. 'Karnataka was always an investment-friendly state and is the only state that has 11 breweries, the highest in the country. And there were more plans for investments. But when the sales start contracting, what do we tell the companies and why would they invest?' said Giri. The government, however, stood by its decision to increase prices and operating costs for distilleries. Ritesh Kumar Singh, principal secretary in the Karnataka finance department, defended the government's decision, saying that while underlying inflationary pressures affect all products, liquor is relatively insulated. Singh told ThePrint that an increase in taxes actually helps producers increase prices of end products in a tightly controlled market where prices cannot be raised or dropped by market forces. 'The original plan was to double it (licence fee) since it hadn't been increased for the last eight years. But there was a lot of hue and cry and people with many stating that it was too high, then we settled for a 50 percent increase,' he said. Adding, 'And if you distribute this 50 percent increase over eight years and do an annual CAGR, it is 5 percent. Why are people complaining?' (Edited by Sugita Katyal) Also Read: Another hike in diesel price, how Karnataka govt is fishing for funds to bankroll poll promises