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Daily Mail
2 days ago
- Daily Mail
Cicero's BATHHOUSE is found after 2,000 years: Archaeologists discover the remains of the Roman statesman's sauna in the ancient sunken city of Baiae
Archaeologists believe they have found a bathhouse that once belonged to the Roman lawyer and statesman Cicero. The remains of the ancient baths were found beneath the water in the sunken city of Baiae, on the coast of the Bay of Naples. Divers discovered an ornate mosaic 10 feet (three metres) below the waves, in an area which was once home to the harbour of Portus Julius. This is the location where ancient sources claim Cicero had his villa, which slipped into the sea sometime around the fourth century AD. Located 150 miles south of the capital, Baiae was once a thriving spa town where Rome's richest and most powerful citizens would come to escape the summer heat and enjoy the area's mineral-rich waters. In a post on Facebook, the Phlegraean Fields Archaeological Park wrote: 'The hypothesis, currently being explored, is that we may be looking at the Baths of Cicero's villa, known from sources.' The mosaic floor would have once sat on an advanced Roman heating system, turning the room into a sauna, or laconicum. Archaeologists found that the network of tubes and pillars which pumped the hot air evenly through the bath was still intact after almost two millennia underwater. Cicero (pictured) is remembered as Rome's greatest orator and lawyer, rising to prominence for his defence of the Roman Republic during the civil wars, which would give culminate in the assassination of Julius Caesar Dating back to the second century BC, Baiae was already a popular holiday destination for the Roman elite, with the poet Livy praising the waters' healing properties. By the first century BC, Baiae had become the ancient equivalent of Monte Carlo and was a renowned hub of pleasure and vice. Characters such as Julius Caesar, Augustus, and Nero flocked to the town to flaunt their wealth, have affairs, and host decadent, non-stop parties. Baiae was soon so synonymous with indulgence and sin that the poet Sextus Propertius described it as a 'vortex of luxury' and a 'harbour of vice'. In one notorious episode, the mad emperor Caligula ordered a three-mile (5 km) floating bridge to be built so he could ride his horse across the bay. However, the town began to sink beneath the water as a process called volcanic bradyseism, where volcanic activity causes the land to rise or fall, pushed the bay below sea level. By the fourth century AD, much of the city was 13 to 20 feet (4-6 metres) underwater, leaving behind one of the country's best preserved archaeological parks. Following its discovery in the 1940s, archaeologists have been slowly excavating more of the lost ruins of the Roman Empire's Sin City. Dating back to the second century BC, Baiae was already a popular holiday destination for the Roman elite, with the poet Livy praising the waters' healing properties. It soon became the premier party destination for the Roman elite. Pictured: Artist's impression of Baiae These mosaics would have once been the floor of a heating system used to pump air into a type of Roman sauna called a laconicum Baiae: Rome's Sin City Located 150 miles south of the capital, Baiae was the Roman Empire's premier party town. Due to its sulfur-rich waters, the town had long been renowned as a spa location. By the first century BC, Rome's political elite were making summer trips to the town to escape the heat and flaunt their wealth. The town became synonymous with decadence, indulgence, and non-stop partying. However, the same waters which made the town famous were its eventual downfall as volcanic activity plunged the city into the water. In 2023, divers discovered an intact mosaic floor, supported by small brick pillars and surrounded by ceramic fragments. The baths form part of a wider network of rooms, pools, and service corridors that served the Roman elite. Having now completed their documentation of the site, archaeologists believe these are the remains of Cicero's long-lost villa. Marcus Tullius Cicero, born in 106 BC, was a famous scholar and lawyer from the last days of the Roman Republic. During his life, he vainly fought to uphold Rome's republican values as the city plunged into civil war from which the Empire would be born. Following the assassination of Julius Caesar, Cicero attempted to use Caesar's adopted son, Octavian, to hold onto power. However, Octavian turned on Cicero and had him executed in December of 43 BC. Contemporary sources note that Cicero had a villa in Baiae where he would holiday while not in Rome, but the exact location has since been lost to time. Researchers called the work 'tantalising' but say that more investigation will be needed to say for certain whether this truly is Cicero's villa. The researchers wrote: 'Of particular note are the ceramic materials recovered during the excavation—and currently being studied—which appear to offer important insights into both the construction and destruction of the site. Work on restoring the bath complex, particularly the mosaic floors and fragments of paintings, will commence in the autumn. A member of the research team added: 'The discovery not only highlights the daily life of the Roman elite but also enhances our understanding of the social and cultural structure of that era.' Who was Cicero? Rome's greatest lawyer Cicero is one of the most famous lawyers, philosophers, statesmen, and orators of the last days of the Roman Republic. Cicero was born in 106 BC to a wealthy family in the Roman town of Arpinum. He was highly educated and made his first appearance in the Roman courts at the age of 26. His defence of a man falsely accused of parricide was so famous that he soon became well known for his legal skills. In modern times, he is often remembered as Rome's greatest orator and the creator of what would become known as Ciceronian rhetoric. Politically, he staunchly upheld the original values of the Roman Republic in the face of increasing political fragmentation. Although he did not support the assassination of Julius Caesar, he had been staunchly opposed to Caesar's dictatorship. Following the death of Caesar, Cicero attempted to ally himself with Caesar's adopted son Octavian. However, Cicero badly underestimated Octavian's political brutality and soon found himself an enemy of the new emperor. Perhaps due to his unfortunate remark that Octavian should be 'given praise, distinctions—and then be disposed of', his execution was called for.
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Travel + Leisure
10-06-2025
- Travel + Leisure
This Italian Island Has Natural Hot Springs, Fabulous Hotels, and Stunning Beaches—Without the Crowds of Neighboring Capri
Relax on the beaches and soak in the mineral-rich thermal hot springs that have been drawing travelers to Ischia for millennia. Check into one of the island's fabulous hotels, like Mezzatorre or San Montano Resort & Spa, which is fresh off the first phase of a renovation. Shop for handmade ceramics and sandals at artisan boutiques, and bring home a unique souvenir. Enjoy fresh, delicious seafood at Giardino Eden, one of the best beach clubs in Ischia. Watch the sunset from Forio, the island's most charming town. There's something magical about Ischia, a volcanic island in the Bay of Naples. Perhaps it's the naturally occurring thermal hot springs that have been luring travelers since the days of the ancient Greeks. Or maybe it's the laid-back attitude, which contrasts with the vibe on its more glamorous (and more crowded) sister island, Capri. Ischia still feels a bit retro, in a good way. Being there now, it's not hard to imagine what the island was like during the '60s, when the protagonists of Elena Ferrante's Neapolitan Novels vacationed there. I'll admit that I didn't fall in love with Ischia on my first trip 15 years ago, but on return trips, I fell under its spell as I visited its botanic gardens blooming with exotic plants, soaked in the hydrotherapy pools at San Montano while taking in panoramic views, and watched artisans paint beautiful scenes on ceramic tiles at Ceramiche Keramos. But in order to get more intel, I turned to Ischia habitués Marie Louise Sciò, whose family hospitality group runs the glamorous Mezzatorre Hotel on the island, and Annie Ojile, founder of Scooteroma and Personalized Italy, who visits often and organizes bespoke trips to the island. Guest room in Mezzatore Hotel. The Leading Hotels of the World This glamorous member of the Leading Hotels of the World may be a relatively new entry for Pellicano Hotels, the company founded by Marie Louise Sciò's father Roberto, but it has a gloriously old soul. Set on a promontory overlooking a secluded bay, it channels the same 1960s Slim Aarons-esque vibes as the original Hotel Il Pellicano. Fresh off the first phase of a renovation, this five-star resort now looks strikingly similar to its mid-century-inspired sister hotel, Borgo Santandrea in Amalfi, which was featured on our 2022 It List. On a previous visit, I loved soaking in the outdoor hydrotherapy pools, which boast swoon-worthy panoramic views of the island, and savored the excellent pizza on the outdoor terrace. This is the hotel that started it all. Built in the 1950s by publisher and film producer Angelo Rizzoli, who invited his famous friends, it has a charmingly retro vibe, a medical spa, a private beach, two jetties, a tennis court, and one of the island's best Michelin-starred restaurants. I especially love the hand-painted tiles on the floors. 'Magical Villa Ravino is my favorite place to stay on the island,' says Ojile. 'This family-run hidden gem is set amongst their famous and absolutely stunning garden, which is filled with succulent plants and cacti and is home to several peacocks. They also have a restaurant serving local dishes using many ingredients they grow right there in their garden. Every time I check in, I truly never want to leave.' Beach scenes around Ischia. Laura Itzkowitz/Travel + Leisure 'Some places on the island are worth the journey all on their own—and the Bay of Sorgeto is one of them,' says Sciò, citing this as her favorite beach on the island. 'It was one of my very first memories here: natural hot springs bubbling up into the sea, that enveloping sense of well-being, and a sunset so stunning it feels almost surreal.' According to Ojile, San Montano Beach is the place where the Greeks first came ashore and formed Magna Graecia. 'In modern times it is quite a happening place, but whenever I'm there I think about how it was when the Greeks discovered Ischia while I am soaking in the clear blue waters.' 'If you come to Ischia, you must soak in their famous water for at least one day. SPA ( salus per aquam ) is Latin for health through water and that's exactly what I recommend on your Ischian holiday!' Ojile says. The two main thermal parks are Negombo and Giardini Poseidon, but the Fonte delle Ninfe Nitrodi claims to be the island's oldest spa, and it has the Greek archeological relics to prove it. 'A boat trip around the island is an absolute must—especially at sunset when the coastline glows with golden light and the hidden coves and dramatic cliffs reveal their full charm,' Sciò says. Ojile agrees that a boat ride is one of the best things to do on the island. 'Make sure you don't leave the island without visiting Giardini La Mortella—a magical garden where nature, art, and music come together in perfect harmony,' implores Sciò. 'Created by Susana Walton, the Argentinian wife of British composer Sir William Walton, this lush subtropical and Mediterranean oasis is home to exotic plants and rare flowers from across the globe.' Ojile's favorite garden is the Giardini Ravino. 'It will take your breath away as you're winding through the garden guided by owner Lukas,' she says, suggesting you tour the garden, stay for dinner, and try their Ravino Spritz. Ischia's volcanic soil is ideal for cultivating grapes, especially the local Biancolella grape. Visit a local winery like the family-run Casa d'Ambra up in the hills to learn more about it and taste some vino. Goods being sold at Keramos Ceramics. Laura Itzkowitz/Travel + Leisure 'For someone like me, who never misses a chance to find that hidden piece, that special color or shape, or a traditional object for the home or for new projects, Mennella is a paradise. And a visit to their workshop with its terrace overlooking the sea will truly brighten your day,' Sciò says. Sciò also recommends this artisan shop in Lacco Ameno for custom sandals, saying, 'I've even decided to feature them on ISSIMO, the digital extension of our hotels.' Nello Di Leva, the founder of this ceramics studio, has created bespoke plates for Indaco and a hand-painted tile mural for the Fonte delle Ninfe Nitrodi. The studio also makes beautiful tableware decorated with lemons, flowers, and other motifs that would make a great gift or souvenir. 'Don't miss the chance to enjoy a sunset aperitif at our Bar La Torre. The view over San Montano Bay and Mount Vesuvius is simply unforgettable,' remarks Sciò. 'And before you go, let Massimo mix you one of his signature cocktails—it's the perfect farewell.' A dining patio at Mezzatore Hotel. The Leading Hotels of the World 'After visiting the Aragonese Castle, head to Giardino Eden—a stunning spot set right on the water, with breathtaking views of the castle,' Sciò suggests. 'Known for its excellent seafood, it's the perfect place to linger over a long, leisurely meal by the sea.' 'This is always my go-to lunch place the moment I land on the island,' Ojile says. 'Gino and his brother serve up the most amazing and huge bruschetta—the bread is just a vehicle to eat the famous Ischian tomatoes. The minerals from the former volcano Epomeo make them extra red and super delicious.' She also recommends the "zingara" sandwich, a local specialty. If you're celebrating a special occasion or are just ready to splurge on a gourmet meal, the Michelin-starred Indaco at the Regina Isabella is the place to go. Local chef Pasquale Palamaro draws on his memories of the island's flavors to create inventive dishes that highlight the sea's bounty. 'I really love the brand-new Lisola, the collaboration between Nino Di Costanzo, chef of Daní Maison in Ischia, and Ivano Veccia, a renowned pizzaiolo. It's a gastronomic experience you absolutely must try—a pizza you'll remember for a long time,' says Sciò. 'La Bella Napoli wins every time! They serve up lunch and dinner al fresco and have a complete menu and also really fantastic Neapolitan pizza. There is something for everyone, including the freshest fish and seafood,' says Ojile. 'My order is always the mosaico di mare antipasto with their classic focaccia followed by spaghetti alle vongole . Have your hotel book you a table in advance because they don't have online reservations.' Scenes of sunny days around Ischia. Laura Itzkowitz/Travel + Leisure Summer—especially July and August—is the high season in Ischia, so that's when you'll find the best weather for swimming and sunbathing but also the most crowds. Many of the island's hotels are seasonal, opening around Easter and closing in October or November. 'June, before the island fills up, is the perfect time to enjoy its beauty—the sea, the beaches, and the gardens—in a more relaxed atmosphere,' says Sciò. 'October is also a wonderful time to experience a different side of Ischia: hiking up Mount Epomeo, which blankets the island in green from above, joining the grape harvest, and discovering local wines like the most famous one, Biancolella. And why not, even indulging in the island's historic thermal baths.' Ariel view of Lacco Ameno. Laura Itzkowitz/Travel + Leisure The closest airport is Naples Capodichino International Airport (NAP) on the mainland. From there, you can catch a ferry or hydrofoil from Molo Beverello (Naples' ferry port). It takes about an hour by hydrofoil or 90+ minutes if you take a slower ferry. The main companies are SNAV, Alilauro, Caremar, and Medmar. Tickets cost around €12-26 each way. You can check the ferry schedules and book tickets in advance online. Street scenes in the town of Forio. Laura Itzkowitz/Travel + Leisure Both Ojile and Sciò consider Forio their favorite town on the island. 'Forio, with its labyrinth of narrow alleys, whitewashed houses, and bougainvillea in full bloom, is one of those places that immediately captures your heart. But it's the view from the Church of Soccorso—perched dramatically above the sea—that truly takes your breath away,' says Sciò. 'Watching the sun dip below the horizon from this spot, with the sky painted in warm tones of orange and pink, is an experience that feels almost sacred.' 'Sant'Angelo is more glam, and the boutiques offer designer brands and everything from skincare to sandals to summer evening gowns,' says Ojile. 'The town is so charming and gorgeous you could go for the shopping and stay for the views or vice versa!' The smallest town on the island, Lacco Ameno is the birthplace of luxury tourism in Ischia, as it's home to the Regina Isabella Resort. Corso Angelo Rizzoli, named for the resort's founder, is lined with boutiques, making it a nice place to stroll. This is also where you'll find San Montano Beach and Negombo thermal park. The island's capital is divided into areas called Ischia Porto and Ischia Ponte, which are technically part of the same municipality. Ischia Porto is where you'll find the port where hydrofoils and ferries arrive from Naples and nearby islands. Meanwhile, in Ischia Ponte, the Castello Aragonese stands sentinel over a causeway that connects it to the rest of the island. A tourist wandering the streets of the most part, the towns in Ischia are quite walkable, with many streets that have been pedestrianized or are part of limited-traffic zones, but beware of cars or scooters on narrow roads. To travel between towns, buses and taxis are available. Public Transit: EAV Bus runs a network of buses that travel between the towns on the island. A single ride costs €1.70 if you buy a ticket at a tabaccaio (small convenience shop) or €2.20 if you buy one on board. Taxi: Both traditional taxis and tuk-tuks called calessini are widely available on the island. Expect to pay €10-40, depending on how far you're going.
Daily Mail
29-05-2025
- Business
- Daily Mail
Antonio Conte makes final decision over his future at Napoli - after reports claimed he would be sacked just days after winning Serie A title
Antonio Conte has will remain at Napoli despite reports claiming that he would be sacked just days after clinching the Serie A title. Conte, who only arrived at the club at the start of the 2024-25 campaign, helped deliver the league title success last week after a dramatic final day of the season. As the players and staff celebrated, however, rumours began circulating that suggested the former Tottenham and Chelsea boss would be relieved of his duties. As quoted by Football Italia, Napoli president Aurelio De Laurentiis said: 'I wish Conte continuing success in his professional life. Thank you, Antonio.' However, it appears that De Laurentiis and his chiefs have had a change of heart - with Conte now set to stay on as Napoli head coach. Taking to X on Thursday, De Laurentiis shared a picture of himself and Conte with the caption: 'FULL SPEED AHEAD. STRONGER THAN BEFORE!'. Meanwhile, Napoli's official account on the social media platform also provided a post which confirmed that Conte would be staying on for the next season. Conte had reportedly been concerned about the financial backing that could be provided in the transfer window but that fears seems to have been alleviated. The team enjoyed an open-top bus parade on Monday afternoon around the Bay of Naples to celebrate their second Scudetto in three seasons. Napoli were indebted to former Manchester United midfielder Scott McTominay as he scored an acrobatic effort to steer Conte's men to glory. A 2-0 victory over Cagliari saw them finish above closest challengers Inter Milan by just one point in what was a titanic title race. Meanwhile, reports recently claimed that Man United are talking to Napoli about a swap involving Victor Osimhen and Rasmus Hojlund - plus a substantial fee. Osimhen is one of Europe's most wanted men and United have flown out one of their transfer kingpins to try and steer Osimhen away from their rivals and Saudi Arabia. United have reportedly sent recruitment planner Matt Hargreaves to sweet talk Napoli president Aurelio Di Laurentiis and sporting director Giovanni Manna. Napoli are willing to let United have their prize if they are ready to hand over Hojlund and around £33.5million, according to local outlet Il Napolista. Osimhen is due to return to Naples in the coming days, having spent the year on loan at Galatasaray, where he has added 36 goals and a league title to his portfolio.
