Latest news with #Canadianisms
CTV News
2 days ago
- General
- CTV News
From ‘giv'er' to ‘freezie': Online dictionary highlights uniquely Canadian terms
Just in time for Canada Day, a team of B.C. researchers has updated an online dictionary of 'Canadianisms' – words and phrases unique to the country ranging from serious to slangy, trivial to tragic, prosaic to political. The Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles got its most recent update this year and is now mobile-friendly. In total, the third edition contains more than 14,500 meanings for more than 12,000 words. The dictionary's chief editor Dr. Stefan Dollinger, an English professor at the University of British Columbia, spoke to CTV News about the project Monday. 'It is the treasure trove of things in English that make Canada Canadian,' he explained. 'And what is a Canadianism? A Canadianism is a word, expression or meaning that originates in what is now Canada, or that is, and this is important, distinctively characteristic of Canadian usage.' The 2025 update was the culmination of three years of work, resulting in 137 new additions. The process for adding a word or phrase usually starts with a 'hunch,' followed by a search of the word's usage and evolution through time and a comparison to other forms of English. 'The funny thing is, once you look, you find so many things,' Dollinger said. 'I'm convinced we are just scratching the surface.' Browsing entries in the dictionary does more than inform the reader about turns of phrase preferred by Canucks or words used almost exclusively north of the 49th parallel – it also highlights some of the central themes of Canadian history and identity, both good and bad. 'Universal healthcare' is in the dictionary. So is 'residential school.' Hockey terms feature, as do references to fraught political conflicts and national crises. 'If we celebrate the greatness of Canada then we've got to look at the at the flip side, where colonial structures have been used to suppress people to this very day,' Dollinger said. 2025 additions to the dictionary One category of Canadianism is reserved for words or phrases that originated in the country, including those used to describe significant national events. 'Idle no More,' an Indigenous resistance movement started by four women in Saskatchewan in 2012 is one example. 'Land back' as shorthand for 'a social justice movement to return unceded lands to Indigenous populations' is also a new addition in this category in the most recent version. 'The Two Michaels,' referring to the years-long detention of Canadian citizens Michael Savor and Michael Kovrig in China in what the dictionary calls 'modern-day state-sponsored kidnapping' is also one of the new additions. 'Saskatoon freezing deaths' is another entry in this category, referring to Indigenous men who died after being left 'isolated and exposed to the elements in winter outside of Saskatoon by city police,' the dictionary says. 'Starlight tour,' the phrase that describes this particular practice of police brutality has also been added. Using the terms 'demolition and renoviction' as shorthand for how renters were driven out of their homes by 'largely unchecked profit-maximizing efforts in Canada's urban rental markets' – particularly in the early 2000s – are entries in this category because they're almost exclusively used in this country. On the lighter side, using the term 'Canadian tuxedo' to refer to an all-denim ensemble is another new entry – with the dictionary noting its popularity grew in the 2000s after the release of the movie 'Super Troopers.' The word 'freezie' to describe a popular treat on a hot day is also, apparently, specific to Canada. Referring to making a left turn as 'hanging a Larry' and making a right turn as 'hanging a Roger' also made it in as distinctly Canadian. In the U.S., Dollinger points out, people say, 'hanging a Louie' and 'hanging a Ralph.' Words or phrases that are used more frequently in Canada than in other forms of English also make the cut. 'Heat dome' and 'atmospheric river,' used in reference to recent and catastrophic extreme weather events in British Columbia are new additions in the frequency category. Similarly, calling a wildfire that continues to smoulder under the surface over winter a 'zombie fire' has been added due to a recent uptick in Canadian use. Calling a kilometre a 'klick' is also noted for its outsized use in Canada as is referring to someone as being 'in hospital.' Describing a puddle-soaked foot as a 'booter' (in the Prairie provinces) or a 'soaker' (in Ontario) are also new entries in this category. Other euphemisms added on the basis of frequency include calling whole wheat bread 'brown bread,' describing a wheeled, collapsible cart as a 'bundle buggy,' and referring to a bachelorette party as a 'stagette.' The 'culturally significant' category has entries that run the gamut from terms acknowledging the colonial genocide of Indigenous people to words and phrases commonly heard in arenas. 'Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and Girls' and 'MMIWG' are both entries in this category, referring to the thousands of cases of women disappeared or killed in which 'police are suspected to have been negligent in their investigations.' A similar entry is 'settler-colonial violence' to refer to colonialism and its widespread and enduring harms – including residential schools and their intergenerational impact. In addition to terms that acknowledged some of the darkest chapters of Canadian history, new entries in this category include terms that have emerged as part of a patriotic response to threats from the U.S. president. Espresso mixed with hot water saw a rebrand from Americano to 'Canadiano' and using the hockey phrase 'elbows up' to describe scrappy and distinctly Canadian resistance to being annexed as the 51st state. Saying – or more likely shouting – 'giv'er' to encourage maximum athletic effort or, alternatively, hard partying is another entry in this category. The hockey-specific terms 'deke' and 'rink rat' are also included. Other new additions to the dictionary include iconic Canadian foods – ketchup chips and Nanaimo bars. Nicknames for cities also feature, including 'Raincouver,' 'T-dot,' and 'the Peg.' Non-English words are also among the additions, including 'kokum' and 'mosum' the Cree words for grandmother and grandfather. A quiz where people can test their knowledge of Canadianisms can be found on the UBC website.
Vancouver Sun
2 days ago
- General
- Vancouver Sun
Skookum! UBC-led Dictionary of Canadianisms gets new edition for Canada Day
It might not come as a surprise to disgruntled hockey fans in Vancouver, but the handle 'Canuck' was originally a swear word. Its earliest use in what is now Canada was among men of Hawaiian descent who were conscripted onto whaling crews off the Pacific, Arctic and Atlantic coasts of North America. The sailors called themselves 'kanaka,' a word meaning human being, but it grew into a slur for people with darker skin — before gradually taking on its modern meaning to denote any Canadian, no slur intended. 'Canuck' is one of thousands of words in this vast country's vernacular that are explained in rigorous detail in the just-released third edition of the Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles . Discover the best of B.C.'s recipes, restaurants and wine. By signing up you consent to receive the above newsletter from Postmedia Network Inc. A welcome email is on its way. If you don't see it, please check your junk folder. The next issue of West Coast Table will soon be in your inbox. Please try again Interested in more newsletters? Browse here. Just in time for Canada Day, the technical rebuild of the dictionary has been made mobile-friendly and highly searchable for the first time. Chief editor Stefan Dollinger, a professor in the department of English language and literatures at the University of British Columbia, says it's the first update since 2017 and only the second since its launch as a centennial project in 1967. The bulk of the third edition remains the roughly 12,000 words, and 14,500 meanings, that were compiled for that first edition nearly 60 years ago. But language evolves, and Dollinger and associate editor Margery Fee have dug up 137 new examples of Canadianisms for the latest release. One that isn't exactly new but has suddenly assumed a whole new meaning is 'elbows up.' Once a simple phrase for the rough style of play in Canadian hockey, it became a term for resistance against Trump and his talk of tariffs and annexation as recently as a few months ago. Canada is a country of distant and distinct regions, so a typical Vancouverite might be stumped by many of the words and phrases. Take 'booter,' which is a uniquely Manitoban term for a puddle-soaked foot. Or 'dooryard,' what a New Brunswick resident might call the front yard. Dollinger, originally from Austria and thus someone who comes at this country's language with a 'fresh set of eyes,' says there are basically six types of Canadianisms: • Words and phrases that originated in what is now Canada, like 'garburator.' • Words that preserve a once common term in English but is rarely used elsewhere these days, such as 'parkade' or 'joe job.' • Words that changed semantically based on how Canadians use them, such as 'toque' for something other than a chef's hat. • Culturally significant words that help define Canadian identity, like the hockey terms 'deke' and 'rink rat.' • Words that are considered Canadian because of how frequently we use them, like 'klick' for a kilometre. • And finally, terms that memorialize darker aspects of our history, such as 'residential school.' Dollinger says Vancouver figures prominently in the emergence of, surprise, terms popularized by the housing crisis. 'Renoviction' and 'demoviction' are neologisms originally used here in the early 21st century as landlords started renovating or demolishing buildings and ousting tenants in the process. The city itself is featured in Canadianisms like Raincouver, which has become more popular than earlier nicknames like Lotus Land — popularized by late Vancouver Sun editor and columnist Bruce Hutchinson — Lala Land and even Brollywood, a 1990s favourite that blends rainy weather and the big film industry presence in the city. Dollinger says the next big project for the team at UBC, which includes a small group of graduate and undergraduate students who help dig into the data, is a collaboration with the editors of the upcoming Canadian English Dictionary. That project, which is due for publication around 2028, is headed by Toronto editor John Chew, and will include the UBC lab's compilation of Canadianisms. It will be the first fully Canadian dictionary since the Canadian Oxford Dictionary was published two decades ago. The work is both exhaustive and exhausting, requiring deep dives into word origins and countless sources. But Dollinger says it's important for the country, especially in challenging times like these. 'In this day and age, when the Canadian psyche has been a little bit shaken, it's not a bad idea to remind people that there's something distinctly Canadian in the tiniest little things, and it's not random, it's systematic,' he says. 'The way you use language is actually something that's pretty profound in human experience.' • Think you know your Canadianisms? Try Dollinger's 13-word quiz . jruttle@
Ottawa Citizen
2 days ago
- General
- Ottawa Citizen
Skookum! UBC-led Dictionary of Canadianisms gets new edition for Canada Day
Article content Its earliest use in what is now Canada was among men of Hawaiian descent who were conscripted onto whaling crews off the Pacific, Arctic and Atlantic coasts of North America. Article content Article content The sailors called themselves 'kanaka,' a word meaning human being, but it grew into a slur for people with darker skin — before gradually taking on its modern meaning to denote any Canadian, no slur intended. Article content Article content 'Canuck' is one of thousands of words in this vast country's vernacular that are explained in rigorous detail in the just-released third edition of the Dictionary of Canadianisms on Historical Principles. Article content Article content Just in time for Canada Day, the technical rebuild of the dictionary has been made mobile-friendly and highly searchable for the first time. Article content Chief editor Stefan Dollinger, a professor in the department of English language and literatures at the University of British Columbia, says it's the first update since 2017 and only the second since its launch as a centennial project in 1967. Article content The bulk of the third edition remains the roughly 12,000 words, and 14,500 meanings, that were compiled for that first edition nearly 60 years ago. But language evolves, and Dollinger and associate editor Margery Fee have dug up 137 new examples of Canadianisms for the latest release. Article content Article content One that isn't exactly new but has suddenly assumed a whole new meaning is 'elbows up.' Once a simple phrase for the rough style of play in Canadian hockey, it became a term for resistance against Trump and his talk of tariffs and annexation as recently as a few months ago. Article content Article content Article content Canada is a country of distant and distinct regions, so a typical Vancouverite might be stumped by many of the words and phrases. Article content Take 'booter,' which is a uniquely Manitoban term for a puddle-soaked foot. Or 'dooryard,' what a New Brunswick resident might call the front yard. Article content Dollinger, originally from Austria and thus someone who comes at this country's language with a 'fresh set of eyes,' says there are basically six types of Canadianisms:
