Latest news with #CellMetabolism
Yahoo
6 days ago
- Health
- Yahoo
Experts reveal potential unintended side effect of Ozempic – and whether we should worry
The use of weight-loss jabs in the UK has skyrocketed, with an estimated 1.5 million people using them. Yet drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy don't just help people lose fat, but potentially muscle too, new research has suggested. A study that tested weight loss jabs on mice found that although muscle mass changes less than expected, muscles still get weaker and tissues like the liver also shrink. Weight-loss injections, also known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, work by mimicking the natural hormone which regulates blood sugar, appetite and digestion. The medications, known as semaglutides, predominantly treat diabetes but are also available on the NHS or via private providers to help adults with a high body mass index (BMI). For example, although Ozempic is used for type 2 diabetes, it is sometimes prescribed off-label as a weight-loss drug. The results of the study, published in the journal Cell Metabolism, revealed Ozempic-induced weight loss decreased muscle mass by about 10 per cent. Most of this lost weight wasn't from skeletal muscles, which surround bones and joints, but instead from other tissues like the liver, which shrank by nearly half. However, because the Ozempic was tested on mice, researchers emphasise that more research is needed to determine whether similar changes to organ size occur in humans and whether those changes come with any risks. 'Loss of mass in metabolically active organs, such as the liver, is expected as part of healthy weight loss,' said Dr Ran Hee Choi, research instructor in nutrition and integrative physiology at the University of Utah college of health, and co-first author on the study. In both mice and humans, weight gain and loss can affect the size of organs like the liver without affecting their function. 'It's unlikely that the observed lean mass loss represents a serious adverse effect,' added Dr Takuya Karasawa, another co-first author on the study. Researchers found some skeletal muscles did shrink by about 6 per cent as the mice lost weight, but not enough to explain the overall muscle loss. However, when someone gains fat, they also tend to gain skeletal muscle. Study authors explain this is because the body needs to work harder to move around. As a result, losing extra fat can lead to a loss of muscle, which will not affect the person's overall quality of life. Researchers also tested the amount of force the mice's muscles exerted and found that some muscle strength decreased as the mice lost weight, even when the size of the muscle stayed roughly the same. This potential loss of strength when taking Ozempic could be a particular concern for adults over the age of 60 who are at a higher risk of muscle loss and reduced mobility. 'The loss of physical function is a strong predictor of not just quality of life but longevity,' added Dr Katsu Funai, professor of nutrition at the University of Utah and the senior author on the study. Dr Funai concluded that further clinical trials of weight loss jabs should check for changes in muscle strength. A spokesperson for Novo Nordisk, which makes Ozempic, said: 'In clinical trial for Wegovy or Ozempic we did not specifically study the medicine's impact on muscle mass. In a sub-study of 140 patients with a BMI of 40 or less, analysis suggested that treatment with Wegovy was accompanied by reductions in both fat and lean body mass, with a greater reduction in fat mass than lean body mass. 'We recommend that any patients experiencing side effects while taking Wegovy or Ozempic contact their healthcare provider.'
The Independent
6 days ago
- Health
- The Independent
Experts reveal potential unintended side effect of Ozempic – and whether we should worry
The use of weight-loss jabs in the UK has skyrocketed, with an estimated 1.5 million people using them. Yet drugs like Ozempic and Wegovy don't just help people lose fat, but potentially muscle too, new research has suggested. A study that tested weight loss jabs on mice found that although muscle mass changes less than expected, muscles still get weaker and tissues like the liver also shrink. Weight-loss injections, also known as GLP-1 receptor agonists, work by mimicking the natural hormone which regulates blood sugar, appetite and digestion. The medications, known as semaglutides, predominantly treat diabetes but are also available on the NHS or via private providers to help adults with a high body mass index (BMI). For example, although Ozempic is used for type 2 diabetes, it is sometimes prescribed off-label as a weight-loss drug. The results of the study, published in the journal Cell Metabolism, revealed Ozempic -induced weight loss decreased muscle mass by about 10 per cent. Most of this lost weight wasn't from skeletal muscles, which surround bones and joints, but instead from other tissues like the liver, which shrank by nearly half. However, because the Ozempic was tested on mice, researchers emphasise that more research is needed to determine whether similar changes to organ size occur in humans and whether those changes come with any risks. 'Loss of mass in metabolically active organs, such as the liver, is expected as part of healthy weight loss,' said Dr Ran Hee Choi, research instructor in nutrition and integrative physiology at the University of Utah college of health, and co-first author on the study. In both mice and humans, weight gain and loss can affect the size of organs like the liver without affecting their function. 'It's unlikely that the observed lean mass loss represents a serious adverse effect,' added Dr Takuya Karasawa, another co-first author on the study. Researchers found some skeletal muscles did shrink by about 6 per cent as the mice lost weight, but not enough to explain the overall muscle loss. However, when someone gains fat, they also tend to gain skeletal muscle. Study authors explain this is because the body needs to work harder to move around. As a result, losing extra fat can lead to a loss of muscle, which will not affect the person's overall quality of life. Researchers also tested the amount of force the mice's muscles exerted and found that some muscle strength decreased as the mice lost weight, even when the size of the muscle stayed roughly the same. This potential loss of strength when taking Ozempic could be a particular concern for adults over the age of 60 who are at a higher risk of muscle loss and reduced mobility. 'The loss of physical function is a strong predictor of not just quality of life but longevity,' added Dr Katsu Funai, professor of nutrition at the University of Utah and the senior author on the study. Dr Funai concluded that further clinical trials of weight loss jabs should check for changes in muscle strength. A spokesperson for Novo Nordisk, which makes Ozempic, said: 'In clinical trial for Wegovy or Ozempic we did not specifically study the medicine's impact on muscle mass. In a sub-study of 140 patients with a BMI of 40 or less, analysis suggested that treatment with Wegovy was accompanied by reductions in both fat and lean body mass, with a greater reduction in fat mass than lean body mass. 'We recommend that any patients experiencing side effects while taking Wegovy or Ozempic contact their healthcare provider.'
South China Morning Post
26-05-2025
- Health
- South China Morning Post
Sleep helps the brain enter repair mode to clean up free radicals, Chinese study finds
Sleep serves as the brain's nightly clean-up crew, flushing out harmful oxygen-derived free radicals that accumulate during wakefulness, Chinese scientists have discovered in a landmark study. The research published in Cell Metabolism on May 15 deciphers how hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), a reactive by-product of metabolism, acts as a molecular signal to trigger sleep and restore balance in the brain. By confirming a decades-old hypothesis, the team found that when H₂O₂ levels rise in sleep-regulating neurons, the brain switches to 'repair mode,' prompting restorative slumber. 06:23 Can China claim the leadership mantle after the US quits the WHO and Paris Agreement? Can China claim the leadership mantle after the US quits the WHO and Paris Agreement? Excess build-up of these free radicals disrupts sleep quality and sparks inflammation, offering critical insights into age-related insomnia and degenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease This breakthrough not only solves a long-standing mystery of why sleep is biologically essential but also opens pathways for therapies targeting oxidative stress to combat sleep disorders. While scientists around the globe have identified some molecular changes that occur in the brain during sleep, Liu Danqian, a researcher from the Shanghai-based Centre for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, an affiliate of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, who led the study, said this was 'the first time' they had fully delineated how a molecule specifically functioned in the brain. Just as a person seeks food when they are hungry or water when they are thirsty, this type of instinctive behaviour is known in neuroscience as 'homeostatic regulation' – the body's ability to maintain a stable internal environment. One mystery scientists have been exploring is what kinds of material changes in the brain trigger homeostatic regulation of sleep, according to Liu.
Hans India
24-05-2025
- Health
- Hans India
Study shows impact of weight loss drugs on nerve cells in brain
New Delhi: Swedish researchers have tracked how nerve cells get activated by weight loss drugs such as semaglutide and how it affects the brain. Semaglutide belongs to a group of drugs called GLP-1R agonists and has been shown to effectively reduce food intake and body weight. The drug is already well established as part of the treatment for obesity and type 2 diabetes but can cause side effects such as nausea and muscle loss. In the study, researchers at the Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg showed that it is possible to distinguish the nerve cells in the brain that control the beneficial effects --such as reduced food intake and fat loss -- from those that contribute to side effects. To investigate how semaglutide affects the brain, the researchers worked with mice. They tracked which nerve cells were activated by the drug and were then able to stimulate these cells—without administering the drug itself. The results, published in the journal Cell Metabolism, revealed that the mice ate less and lost weight, just as they did when treated with semaglutide. When these nerve cells were killed, the drug's effect on appetite and fat loss instead decreased significantly. However, side effects such as nausea and muscle loss remained. "This suggests that these nerve cells control the beneficial effects of semaglutide. We have therefore identified a specific group of nerve cells that is necessary for the effects that semaglutide has on weight and appetite, but which does not appear to contribute to any significant extent to side effects such as nausea. "If we can target the treatment there, we may be able to maintain the positive effects while reducing side effects," says Júlia Teixidor-Deulofeu, first author of the study and Ph.D. student at Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg. The identified nerve cells are located in an area of the brain called the dorsal vagal complex. The team noted that the finding is not only an early step toward potentially improved treatment, but it also provides new knowledge about how semaglutide works in the brain. The study also provides deeper insight into how the brain stem regulates our energy balance.
Time of India
15-05-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Can a hormone reverse fatty liver disease? Here's what experts think
Researchers at Oklahoma University found that the hormone FGF21 can reverse fatty liver disease. The hormone signals the brain to improve liver function. It lowers liver fat and reverses fibrosis. The hormone also lowers cholesterol. This discovery could lead to new drugs for treating fatty liver disease. Clinical trials are showing good therapeutic benefits. Fatty liver disease is rising as a global health concern. Often considered a 'silent' disease as it shows few or no symptoms, fatty liver disease, however, can get serious, depending on its cause and progression. A new study has found that a certain hormone can reverse fatty liver disease . A groundbreaking study by the researchers at the University of Oklahoma found that a hormone can reverse the effects of fatty liver disease in mice. The study is published in Cell Metabolism . What is fatty liver disease? Fatty liver, medically known as hepatic steatosis, is a condition in which fat builds up in the liver. There are two major types of fatty liver disease: alcoholic fatty liver disease (AFLD) and nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). AFLD, as the name suggests, occurs in people who drink large amounts of alcohol. NAFLD, on the other hand, affects people who drink little or no alcohol. Though the cause of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is unknown, people who have type 2 diabetes, or prediabetes, obesity, are middle-aged or older, have high blood pressure, are prone to the disease. How does the hormone control fatty liver disease? The researchers found that the hormone FGF21 (fibroblast growth factor 21) can reverse fatty liver disease . The hormone works primarily by signaling the brain to improve liver function . Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Google Brain Co-Founder Andrew Ng, Recommends: Read These 5 Books And Turn Your Life Around Blinkist: Andrew Ng's Reading List Undo They delved into how FGF21 acts on the brain to influence liver metabolism. Understanding the mechanism of action of the hormone could become instrumental as a target for a new class of highly anticipated drugs that are in Phase 3 clinical trials. 'Fatty liver disease, or MASLD (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease), is a buildup of fat in the liver. It can progress to MASH (metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis) during which fibrosis and, ultimately, cirrhosis can occur. MASLD is becoming a very big problem in the United States, affecting 40% of people worldwide, and there is currently only one treatment approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat MASH. A new class of drugs, based on FGF21 signaling, is showing good therapeutic benefits in clinical trials, but until now, the mechanism for how they work has been unclear,' Matthew Potthoff, Ph.D., the lead author and a professor of biochemistry and physiology at the University of Oklahoma College of Medicine and deputy director of OU Health Harold Hamm Diabetes Center said in a statement. Fatty liver diet: Best and worst foods for your liver The findings showed that FGF21 was effective at causing signaling in the model species that changed the liver's metabolism. The researchers found that this process lowered the liver's fat, and the fibrosis too was reversed. The hormone also sent a separate signal directly to the liver, specifically to lower cholesterol. 'It's a feedback loop where the hormone sends a signal to the brain, and the brain changes nerve activity to the liver to protect it. The majority of the effect comes from the signal to the brain as opposed to signaling the liver directly, but together, the two signals are powerful in their ability to regulate the different types of lipids in the liver,' Potthoff added. Similar to the GLP-1s (glucagon-like peptide 1) weightloss drugs that regulate blood sugar levels and appetite, FGF21 acts on the brain to regulate metabolism. Interestingly, both are hormones produced from peripheral tissues: GLP-1 from the intestine and FGF21 from the liver, and both work by sending a signal to the brain. 'It is interesting that this metabolic hormone/drug works primarily by signaling to the brain instead of to the liver directly, in this case. FGF21 is quite powerful because it not only led to a reduction of fat, but it also mediated the reversal of fibrosis, which is the pathological part of the disease, and it did so while the mice were still eating a diet that would cause the disease. Now, we not only understand how the hormone works, but it may guide us in creating even more targeted therapies in the future,' the lead author added. Future-Proof Your Child with AI Skills | Limited Early Bird Seats – 33% OFF! | WhatsApp: 9560500838
