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BBC News
29-07-2025
- Climate
- BBC News
What are cooling jackets and how do they work?
Manchester United are using cooling jackets in a bid to help their players deal with the heat during their Premier League Super Series campaign in the United jackets have been around in various forms as early as the 1950s and 60s, first used by the military and have since been used in a range of sports including Formula 1, cycling, tennis and are designed to reduce an athlete's core and skin temperature, with studies showing it can lead to an improvement in endurance, performance and limit the risks of heat stroke and heat type currently used by United are from a range by kit manufacturers Adidas that were launched earlier this cooling jackets are being worn by players following warm-ups and at half-time of their three matches in the United at the 2025 Club World Cup this summer experienced extreme heat in a number of matches. Multiple cooling breaks were taken, as well as some stadiums installing large mist fans on the sidelines. Borussia Dortmund's substitutes also spent the first half of their group stage match against Mamelodi Sundowns sat in the changing room to avoid the heat. How are cooling jackets used and do they actually work? The earliest models of cooling jackets used by the army required a power supply to circulate cold water around the body, but technological advancements since then mean this is no longer the Adidas released their Climacool System technology earlier this year, it consisted of an insulated jacket that goes over the top of a cooling vest."For the same exercise intensity in a hot compared to a cooler condition, the heart rate's higher, the body temperature's higher. That can lead to things like heat stroke, or even maybe even worse, heat exhaustion," said Dr Chris Tyler, a reader in environmental physiology from the University of Roehampton."What the vest will claim to do is reduce all of that. So they will lower the body temperature, lower the heart rate and lower the strain."The use of the vest is key into its effectiveness. There is a major difference between how someone's body feels to them and their actual body need to be worn for a sustained period and cover as much of the body as possible. This allows more time for the body to effectively cool down quicker, reducing the risks attached to being too hot and also helping athletes to run quicker and for longer with less strain. A difference maker for the 2026 World Cup? Given the conditions during the Club World Cup in what was unofficially a warm-up for the 2026 men's World Cup, it gives a good indication of what can be expected during next summer's tournament across the United States, Canada and to the 32-team Club World Cup, there will be 48 nations at the World Cup. This will mean more daytime matches and additional challenges to players when it comes to dealing with the weather."Certainly some sort of proactive cooling intervention," Dr Tyler replied when asked if cooling vests will be a necessity at the Club World Cup."The best way to avoid it is to not play in those conditions, but we know that's not going to happen for lots of reasons."There could be some proactive scheduling. I've seen people talk about very early kick-offs or very late kick-offs, and they do that in La Liga - that tends to kick off very late, for example."We saw players struggling this summer, there's no reason to think we won't see them struggling next summer as the teams will be more likely to be adopting cooling strategies to try and combat that."Dr Tyler added that he expects cooling jackets, or at least some form of cooling equipment will be used widespread across the World Cup."Definitely. All the teams that can, will. Those teams that have huge support behind them certainly will and teams are already preparing for next year's World Cup with an eye on the heat," he explained."Some of those might be off the shelf measures, some of them might be bespoke measures."The better teams generally are impacted less by the heat because they can control the tempo, they can make the opponent run, those sorts of things."I think every national teams should be able to have the resources to have something and not to sort of be overlooked." Cooling jackets in Formula One In March, Adidas released their Climacool System, consisting of an insulated jacket and a specially created cooling vest.F1 team Mercedes used the jackets for any races in which hot weather would affect the performance of their manufacturer say that in hot conditions, drivers can experience temperatures between 55C and 60C which leads to a weight loss of 4.2kg (9.3 pounds) just in sweat during a single race.F1 drivers tend to immerse themselves in water ahead of a race to cool their whole body down in advance to their race preparations."Typically, [F1 drivers] will do that an hour before the race," Dr Tyler said."What they're doing is when they put the vests on that's largely perceptual. What they're trying to do is as much as possible is feel cooler for as long as possible which is what those vests are doing."Next year, the FIA are going to really introduce various in-car cooling suits when the races are hot enough. Now that's going to be very similar to [what] the military used to use. "The drivers will be sitting, so they won't be doing as much activity as if say you were running, but they're going to sitting on an engine, they're going to be sitting on a hot track."I have my doubts that they're going to be able to extract enough heat to actually lower the strain of the drivers, but they're certainly going to make the drivers feel a bit cooler."It also provides a nice platform for all of their companies and sponsors to have another place to have their badge which is something that the Formula One teams have suddenly cottoned onto."This article is the latest from BBC Sport's Ask Me Anything team. What is Ask Me Anything? Ask Me Anything is a service dedicated to answering your want to reward your time by telling you things you do not know and reminding you of things you team will find out everything you need to know and be able to call upon a network of contacts including our experts and will be answering your questions from the heart of the BBC Sport newsroom, and going behind the scenes at some of the world's biggest sporting coverage will span the BBC Sport website, app, social media and YouTube accounts, plus BBC TV and radio. More questions answered... How did Bronze play Euro 2025 with fractured tibia?Who are Premier League clubs playing in pre-season?Why is Madueke homegrown in the Premier League but not in Europe?How do football transfer requests work?
RNZ News
27-06-2025
- Climate
- RNZ News
Wimbledon set for scorching start as heatwave looms
A photograph taken on 24 June 2025 shows planter separating TV crews on the roof of the broadcast centre in the grounds of the All England Lawn Tennis & Croquet Club in Wimbledon, south west London. Photo: GLYN KIRK Wimbledon is braced for its hottest ever start with London set to endure a searing heatwave that is forecast to peak as play begins at the All England Club on Monday. With the mercury expected to rise into the mid-30s Celsius on Monday after a hot weekend, players, organisers, ticket holders and those queuing face a challenging day. The previous record temperature for the start of the grass court Grand Slam event was set in 2001 when 29.3C was reached. Monday's expected blast of heat could even surpass the tournament record of 35.7 degrees in 2015 when on-court temperatures were significantly higher than that. Wimbledon's heat rule will likely come into force, allowing a 10-minute break in play when the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature (WBGT) is at or above 30.1 degrees Celsius. The WBGT, which will be taken before the start of play and then at 1400 and 1700, takes various factors into account including ambient temperature, humidity, wind and sun angle. The rule will apply after the second set for all best of three set matches, and after the third for all best of five set matches with players allowed to leave the court during the break, but not to receive coaching or medical treatment. While welcoming the heat rule, Chris Tyler, an environmental physiology researcher at the University of Roehampton, said the heat could affect the quality of matches. "It's good that they have a rule that uses the Wet Bulb Globe Temperature but what it doesn't factor in is what the players are doing," he told Reuters. "Most of the heat risk for players relates to their actual body temperature increasing, 80 percent of their body temperature is related to what they're doing. "Many players will change the way they play if it's that warm, shorter points and perhaps less interesting for the fans. "Top players with the resources for warm weather training are used to heat and are conditioned and will probably be okay, but the real problem is for players who are not used to it and cannot adapt their play." He also said iced towels applied to the back of the neck during changeovers are not necessarily the best way for players to cool down. "It's like a football team giving a pain-killing injection to their star player before a cup final, it makes them feel better but the injury is still there," he said. "If it's core body temperature you want to bring down, the towels aren't really going to do much. "The feet and the forearms have a lot of blood vessels and (cooling them down) is quite a good method of heat exchange, also the groin where you have the femoral artery." While elite players are likely to cope with the expected heat, Wimbledon organisers are taking precautions to protect the general public and staff, including ball boys and girls (BBGs). "Adverse weather is a key consideration in our planning for The Championships, and we are prepared for the predicted hot weather, with comprehensive plans in place for guests, players, staff and the BBGs," a club statement said. More free water refill stations will be provided around the grounds and real-time weather alerts will be announced on big screens and via the tournament website. Staff shifts will also be adjusted to mitigate the heat while 'shade-mapping' will help people get away from the sun. After extreme heat on Monday and Tuesday, temperatures are expected to drop to the low to mid 20s for the rest of the week with some rain showers likely. - Reuters
The Irish Sun
21-06-2025
- Climate
- The Irish Sun
Fears for 2026 World Cup as extreme weather threatens game delays, ruining the football and forcing fans to leave early
FEARS are growing over the 2026 World Cup as extreme weather wreaks havoc. Four Club World Cup matches have been hit by delays within the first five days of the tournament being played across the United States. 11 Extreme weather has disrupted the opening week of the Club World Cup Credit: AP 11 There are fears the thunderstorms and heat could be repeated during the 2026 World Cup Credit: Reuters 11 Fans have repeatedly been ushered out of the stands Credit: Getty And with a heatwave including temperatures as high as 41C set to hit next week, further problems are expected - with fans and players alike at risk. Now there is an increasing concern about the impact it could have on next summer's World Cup - hosted by the USA, Canada and Mexico. CLUB WORLD CUP CHAOS So far at the Club World Cup, the matches have been delayed due to thunderstorms. Mamelodi Sundowns vs Ulsan HD was the first fixture to be impacted with kick-off delayed by more than an hour. READ MORE FOOTBALL Then the Both Benfica vs Auckland and Mamelodi vs Ulsan were in Orlando. Most read in Football And although no World Cup matches are being staged in the city, there are seven scheduled for Miami - three hours' drive south in Florida. CASINO SPECIAL - BEST CASINO BONUSES FROM £10 DEPOSITS That may well include some England games as Miami is in the eastern region for the 2026 event. Similarly, Cincinnati is not on the list of host cities for next summer - but surrounding places such as Kansas City, Atlanta and Toronto are. Club World Cup clash takes over three hours to complete due to poor weather conditions at the TQL Stadium And New Jersey, the Again, like Miami's Hard Rock Stadium, the MetLife Stadium is within the eastern region England are set to be part of - along with nearby Boston and Philadelphia. Crucially, the Due to the time difference, to make sure European fans get to watch their teams play, many of their matches will be scheduled at lunchtime and in the afternoons - the hottest parts of the day. IMPACT ON PLAYERS... Of course, the extreme weather - both heat and storms - is leaving many players and referees at risk of heat stroke, exhaustion, dehydration plus other health issues and injuries. Atletico Madrid star Marcos Llorente said it was "terribly hot" when his side lost 4-0 to PSG in Los Angeles when it was 32C. By next week, players could be forced to take to the field in temperatures 9C hotter. Environmental physiologist and heat stress in sport expert at the University of Roehampton Dr Chris Tyler told the "Such conditions will be commonplace with many of the fixtures scheduled for before 5pm to maximise TV audiences. "Extreme heat could become the tournament's most formidable opponent." 11 Many players pour water on their faces to cool down Credit: Reuters 11 Crazy storms and rain have forced four matches to be delayed Credit: Getty 11 A heatwave with temperatures of 41C is on the way Credit: Reuters 11 Spectators are at risk of falling ill by sitting in direct heat Credit: Getty Fossil Free Football - a campaign group highlighting the impact of the climate crisis on the beautiful game - added: "Particular concern is for the fixtures in the no-shade stadium in Charlotte where a heat index of 38C (Real Madrid v Pachuca) and 41C (Benfica v Bayern) is forecast for the next two matches. "This underlines the dangers facing players and fans at this tournament and in 2026. Fifa have done very little to allay safety concerns." Maresca said: "It's not easy because of the temperature. We're going to try to rotate players." ...AND ON FANS... It is not just those on the pitch at risk, either. Fans being in stadiums when torrential rain falls or the sun is beating down could also find themselves in difficulty. Reports claim spectators at the Club World Cup have been forced to leave the stands during matches due to the heat. They also found long queues and restricted water availability at stadiums - even despite shoddy, low attendances. Sporting events are seemingly seeing play stopped to tend to fans taken ill in the crowd - with many of those due to heat-related incidents. This week at Queen's, ...AND ON BROADCASTERS The TV companies from around the globe have But matches at risk of being delayed could be a nightmare for broadcast executives - and fans trying to watch the action at home. That is because if a match has to be stopped for a lengthy period, it might not finish in time before the next match kicks off due to the frantic schedule. Exact kick-off times are yet to be confirmed but at the 2022 World Cup in Qatar, there were at times four matches per day kicking off every three hours at 10am, 1pm, 4pm and 7pm UK time. But at the Club World Cup, the reality was laid bare. Club World Cup 2025 Guide SOME of the world's biggest clubs are in action at this summer's Club World Cup in the United States! Chelsea, Paris Saint-Germain, Real Madrid, Man City, and Inter Miami are among the 32 teams taking part in the tournament, which runs from June 14 to July 13. The likes of Lionel Messi, Kylian Mbappe, Erling Haaland, Ousmane Dembele, Cole Palmer and Harry Kane are showcasing their skills to packed crowds across the US. INFO Everything you need to know about the Club World Cup LATEST NEWS & FEATURES Club World Cup top scorers The Benfica vs Auckland game was due to finish an hour before Chelsea vs Flamengo kicked off. However, not only did the two matches overlap but the long stoppage meant the full-time whistle ended up blowing AFTER Benfica gaffer Bruno Lage said: "This is the longest game of my career. "A special thanks to our fans, who have been here for five hours supporting the team. "We played as well as we could. The temperature made it very difficult." FIFA'S RESPONSE So, what have Fifa said and done in response? Well, they released a brief statement in which they claimed health is their "top priority" and medical experts have been providing guidance. The world football governing body said: "Fifa's top priority is the health of everyone involved in football, and Fifa's medical experts have been in regular contact with the clubs participating to address heat management and acclimatisation." Fifa confirmed that a drinks break to give players the chance to take on fluids and cool down will take place at 30 minutes and 75 minutes if needed. They added fans will also be permitted to bring an empty clear water bottle up to one litre into stadiums. But while that is a helpful step for fans to be able to drink water a little easier, it is hardly going to make a major difference if fans are sat in unsheltered stands in the relentless driving rain with thunder and lightning or if temperatures reach dangerous levels in excess of 35C or even 40C. 11 PSG players did their best to try and cool down Credit: Reuters 11 Benfica fans supported their team for five hours Credit: Getty 11 Drinks breaks are permitted in each half when temperatures soar Credit: Reuters 11 Players and referees are at risk Credit: Reuters
