Latest news with #Dana-FarberCancerInstitute
Sinar Daily
10 hours ago
- Health
- Sinar Daily
New hope for patients with less common breast cancer
WASHINGTON - A new treatment nearly halves the risk of disease progression or death from a less common form of breast cancer that hasn't seen major drug advances in over a decade, researchers reported recently. Results from the study, presented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology, are expected to be submitted to regulators and could soon establish a new first-line therapy for people with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer -- the advanced stage of a form that comprises 15-20 per cent of all breast cancer cases. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body live around five years. - 123RF file photo HER2-positive cancers are fueled by an overactive HER2 gene, which makes too much of a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 that helps cancer cells grow and spread. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body live around five years. "Seeing such a striking improvement was really impressive to us -- we were taking a standard and almost doubling how long patients could have their cancer controlled for," oncologist Sara Tolaney, chief of the breast oncology division at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, told AFP. The current standard of care, known as THP, combines chemotherapy with two antibodies that block growth signals from the HER2 protein. The new approach uses a drug called trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), an antibody attached to a chemotherapy drug. 'Smart bomb' This "smart bomb" strategy allows the drug to target cancer cells directly. "You can bind to the cancer cell and dump all that chemo right into the cancer cells," explained Tolaney. "Some people call them smart bombs because they're delivering chemo in a targeted fashion -- which is how I think we're able to really increase efficacy so much." Common side effects included nausea, diarrhea and a low white blood cell count, with a less common effect involving lung scarring. T-DXd is already approved as a "second-line" option -- used when first-line treatments stop working. But in the new trial, it was given earlier, paired with another antibody, pertuzumab. In a global trial led by Tolaney, just under 400 patients were randomly assigned to receive T-DXd in combination with pertuzumab, thought to enhance its effects. A similar number received the standard THP regimen. A third group, who received T-DXd without pertuzumab, was also enrolled -- but those results haven't yet been reported. 44 per cent risk reduction At a follow-up of 2.5 years, the T-DXd and pertuzumab combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 44 per cent compared to standard care. Fifteen per cent of patients in the T-DXd group saw their cancer disappear entirely, compared to 8.5 per cent in the THP group. Because this was an interim analysis, the median progression-free survival -- meaning the point at which half the patients had seen their cancer return or worsen -- was 40.7 months with the new treatment, compared to 26.9 months with the standard, and could rise further as more data come in. Tolaney said the results would be submitted to regulators around the world, including the US Food and Drug Administration, and that future work would focus on optimising how long patients remain on the treatment, particularly those showing complete remission. "This represents a new first-line standard treatment option for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer," said Dr. Rebecca Dent, a breast cancer specialist at the National Cancer Center Singapore who was not involved in the study. - AFP
The Hindu
2 days ago
- Health
- The Hindu
New hope for patients with less common breast cancer
Results from the study, presented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology, are expected to be submitted to regulators and could soon establish a new first-line therapy for people with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer -- the advanced stage of a form that comprises 15-20 percent of all breast cancer cases. HER2-positive cancers are fueled by an overactive HER2 gene, which makes too much of a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 that helps cancer cells grow and spread. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body live around five years. "Seeing such a striking improvement was really impressive to us -- we were taking a standard and almost doubling how long patients could have their cancer controlled for," oncologist Sara Tolaney, chief of the breast oncology division at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, told AFP. The current standard of care, known as THP, combines chemotherapy with two antibodies that block growth signals from the HER2 protein. The new approach uses a drug called trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), an antibody attached to a chemotherapy drug. Smart bomb This "smart bomb" strategy allows the drug to target cancer cells directly. "You can bind to the cancer cell and dump all that chemo right into the cancer cells," explained Tolaney. "Some people call them smart bombs because they're delivering chemo in a targeted fashion -- which is how I think we're able to really increase efficacy so much." Common side effects included nausea, diarrhea and a low white blood cell count, with a less common effect involving lung scarring. T-DXd is already approved as a "second-line" option -- used when first-line treatments stop working. But in the new trial, it was given earlier, paired with another antibody, pertuzumab. In a global trial led by Tolaney, just under 400 patients were randomly assigned to receive T-DXd in combination with pertuzumab, thought to enhance its effects. A similar number received the standard THP regimen. A third group, who received T-DXd without pertuzumab, was also enrolled -- but those results haven't yet been reported. 44 percent risk reduction At a follow-up of 2.5 years, the T-DXd and pertuzumab combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 44 percent compared to standard care. Fifteen percent of patients in the T-DXd group saw their cancer disappear entirely, compared to 8.5 percent in the THP group. Because this was an interim analysis, the median progression-free survival -- meaning the point at which half the patients had seen their cancer return or worsen -- was 40.7 months with the new treatment, compared to 26.9 months with the standard, and could rise further as more data come in. Tolaney said the results would be submitted to regulators around the world, including the US Food and Drug Administration, and that future work would focus on optimising how long patients remain on the treatment, particularly those showing complete remission. "This represents a new first-line standard treatment option for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer," said Rebecca Dent, a breast cancer specialist at the National Cancer Center Singapore who was not involved in the study
Health Line
4 days ago
- Health
- Health Line
Anti-Inflammatory Diet May Improve Colorectal Cancer Survival Rates
An anti-inflammatory diet may be beneficial for colon cancer survivors. In a clinical trial, those with colon cancer who followed an anti-inflammatory diet had longer overall survival rates than those who ate a pro-inflammatory diet. More research is needed to determine this effect, but it may be due to the impact anti-inflammatory foods can have on inflammation, which is linked to the development of cancer. People living with colon cancer who ate an anti-inflammatory diet in a clinical trial had longer overall survival rates compared to those who ate a pro-inflammatory diet. Research presented this week at the 2025 American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting in Chicago found that diet and physical activity could be important interventions for improving outcomes in people with stage 3 colon cancer. 'One of the most common questions that patients ask is what they should do after treatment to maximally reduce their risk of cancer recurrence and improve survival,' Sara Char, MD, a clinical fellow in Hematology and Oncology at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and first author of the study, said in a press statement. 'These findings add to the published literature about the importance of dietary patterns and physical activity in outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer. ' Inflammatory diets increase colon cancer risk by 87% The researchers used information from a stage 3 clinical trial that commenced in 2010 with the goal of reducing the risk of cancer recurrence among people living with stage 3 colon cancer. The trial enrolled 2,526 patients. In the trial, those living with colon cancer had surgery and then either three or six months of chemotherapy. Some of the patients also had celecoxib, an anti-inflammatory drug. The participants had the option of completing both the lifestyle and dietary questionnaires. A total of 1,625 participants were eligible for the study. The researchers examined the responses to the dietary questionnaires and calculated an empirical dietary inflammatory pattern score for each participant. This score measures how inflammatory a particular diet is. In the study, a pro-inflammatory diet was considered one that included higher amounts of processed or red meats, refined grains, and sugar-sweetened beverages. An anti-inflammatory diet includes a variety of vegetables, such as leafy greens, as well as coffee and tea. After assessing the diets of participants as well as their overall survival, the researchers concluded that those who ate the most pro-inflammatory diets had an 87% higher risk of death than those who ate the least amount of pro-inflammatory foods. The study adds to a growing body of research indicating that systemic inflammation can not only increase the risk of colon cancer but also influence disease progression. The researchers also examined the impact of physical activity on patient outcomes. Those who reported their physical activity as the equivalent of regularly walking at a 2–3-mile-per-hour pace for one hour roughly three times a week or more were considered to have a high level of physical activity. The researchers found that those who ate more anti-inflammatory foods and participated in higher levels of physical activity experienced the best overall survival outcomes of those studied. They had a 63% lower risk of death compared with their peers who consumed the most pro-inflammatory diets and had lower levels of physical activity. Anti-inflammatory diet improves colon cancer outcomes The researchers say further study is needed to determine the mechanism underpinning anti-inflammatory diets and survival rates among patients with colon cancer. 'This study provides additional evidence that diet may be important for improving outcomes and survival in patients with stage 3 colon cancer,' Kimmie Ng, MD, co-senior author of the study and associate chief of the Division of Gastrointestinal Oncology at the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, said in a press statement. 'Further studies are needed to tailor specific dietary recommendations for patients with colon cancer, and to understand the biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between proinflammatory diets and survival.' Past research suggests that inflammation may play a role in the development of colon cancer by promoting the proliferation of tumor cells as well as suppressing anti-tumor immunity in the body. 'Inflammation is a key part in cancer formation,' said Nilesh Vora, MD, a board certified hematologist and medical oncologist and medical director of the MemorialCare Todd Cancer Institute at Long Beach Medical Center in Long Beach, CA. Vora wasn't involved in the study. 'When the body is inflamed, there are damages that are happening, and the body needs to repair or heal the injury, and produce an inflammatory response. And whenever you have that happening, there's a risk factor for tumor formation, for cancer formation, whenever there's an inflammatory process happening. So I think this inflammatory diet connected to cancer is also connected by that hypothesis,' Vora told Healthline. Effects of phytonutrients on colon cancer Another possible mechanism behind anti-inflammatory diets and survival rates are due to the impact of the phytonutrients found in anti-inflammatory foods. 'It is likely in some parts related to the increase in phytonutrients found in anti-inflammatory diets that protect the gut mucosa (the lining of the colon) and the good bacteria that are in the colon,' said Dana Hunnes, PhD, a senior dietitian supervisor at RR-UCLA Medical Center. Hunnes wasn't involved in the study. 'It's also likely that these plant foods are high in fiber, which helps feed the healthy gut bacteria and also 'brush away' decaying foods and other fecal materials that may increase the risk for colon cancer. There are certain foods (high fiber carbs primarily) that get digested by gut bacteria and turn into short-chain fatty acids, which feed the healthy bacteria of the gut, which can help decrease colon cancer progression. So, these might be some of the mechanisms,' Hunnes told Healthline. Best anti-inflammatory foods Hunnes cited various nutrient-dense foods to eat as part of an anti-inflammatory diet. ' Fruits, vegetables (especially dark-leafy greens and deep-colored fruits, think berries). Nuts, seeds, legumes, and whole grains, also, as they are all high in fiber and healthy fats,' she said. 'These findings do not surprise me at all as we are finding that inflammation affects so many chronic conditions in negative ways. I think it shows the importance of and value of eating as healthy and as anti-inflammatory as possible.'
Yahoo
4 days ago
- Health
- Yahoo
Eating this kind of bread can raise colon cancer patients' risk of death
Eating white bread and other foods considered to be proinflammatory can raise colon cancer patients' risk of death from the disease, researchers said this week. Of a study of more than 1,600 patients with stage III colon cancer, people who consumed the most of those foods — also including french fries, hot dogs, and soda — during a phase 3 clinical trial showed a shorter overall survival post-treatment compared to those on a proinflammatory diet. The patients who ate a proinflammatory diet had an 87 percent higher risk of death than those who consumed the least proinflammatory food. Inflammation is the body's immune response to stimulus, such as falling down or burning your finger. Both too little and too much inflammation can cause problems, and most chronic diseases are believed to be rooted in inflammation that lasts over time. Some of the foods that can contribute to inflammation have been linked to cancer risk. 'One of the most common questions that patients ask is what they should do after treatment to maximally reduce their risk of cancer recurrence and improve survival,' Dr. Sara Char, a clinical fellow in hematology and oncology at Boston's Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, said in a statement. 'These findings add to the published literature about the importance of dietary patterns and physical activity in outcomes of patients with colorectal cancer.' Char was the first author of the research which was presented on Sunday at this year's American Society of Clinical Oncology Annual Meeting. 'This study provides additional evidence that diet may be important for improving outcomes and survival in patients with stage III colon cancer,' co-author Dr. Kimmie Ng, also of Dana-Farber, said. 'Further studies are needed to tailor specific dietary recommendations for patients with colon cancer, and to understand the biological mechanisms underlying the relationship between proinflammatory diets and survival.' The use of the anti-inflammatory drug in the participants' trial, which is known as celecoxib, did not have a significant influence on the relationship between diet and survival, but the authors also noted that those who engaged in higher levels of physical activity had the best overall survival outcomes. Their findings come following previous research that showed systemic inflammation can increase the risk of colon cancer development and progression. Using anti-inflammatory drugs can reduce the risk of recurrence in selected patients with stage III colon cancer, the Dana-Farber researchers said. It remains unclear how much diet could affect cancer outcomes after treatment, but these findings add to a growing body of knowledge that could affect tens of thousands of Americans with colorectal cancer. Some 150,000 people are diagnosed with colorectal cancer each year in the U.S. It is the second-most common cause of cancer deaths for men and women in the U.S., and is expected to cause about 52,900 deaths this year. The average five-year survival for patients with stage III colon cancer is around 80 percent, although between 25 and 35 percent of patients experience a recurrence of cancer during that time. The researchers say that they plan to conduct more detailed investigations of the biological effects of diet and lifestyle on colon cancer outcomes, including those with metastatic colon cancer and those diagnosed at younger ages, under age 50. The majority of Americans — as many as 57 percent — may be eating a diet that promotes inflammation, researchers at the Ohio State University found last year. In 2018, a Harvard study found that people who ate foods that promoted inflammation had a higher rate of colorectal cancer compared with people who ate the least foods, with a 22 percent higher risk for men than women. Eating white bread and drinking alcohol are linked to an increased risk for developing colorectal cancer. Whole grains have anti-cancer properties and eating fiber helps to reduce colorectal cancer risk, researchers told Fox News Digital in 2023. The next year, a study found potential risk for white bread intake. Alternatively, consuming more dark leafy greens, vegetables, nuts, whole grains, and protein sources that are high in omega-3 fatty acids can help fight inflammation, according to UCLA Health. The Mediterranean diet may be the most beneficial, Johns Hopkins Medicine notes. 'I want to emphasize that people really need to focus on their pattern of eating — as opposed to eating a few particular foods — to reduce inflammation,' Dr. Edwin McDonald, a gastroenterologist at UChicago Medicine, wrote. ' There's no miracle food out there that's going to cure people with chronic inflammation. You need to have an anti-inflammatory lifestyle and diet.'
Daily Tribune
5 days ago
- Business
- Daily Tribune
New hope for patients with less common breast cancer
A new treatment nearly halves the risk of disease progression or death from a less common form of breast cancer that hasn't seen major drug advances in over a decade, researchers reported Monday. Results from the study, presented at the annual meeting of the American Society for Clinical Oncology, are expected to be submitted to regulators and could soon establish a new firstline therapy for people with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer -- the advanced stage of a form that comprises 15–20% of all breast cancer cases. HER2-positive cancers are fueled by an overactive HER2 gene, which makes too much of a protein called human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 that helps cancer cells grow and spread. Patients with HER2-positive breast cancer that has spread to other parts of the body live around five years. 'Seeing such a striking improvement was really impressive to us -- we were taking a standard and almost doubling how long patients could have their cancer controlled for,' oncologist Sara Tolaney, chief of the breast oncology division at Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, told AFP. The current standard of care, known as THP, combines chemotherapy with two antibodies that block growth signals from the HER2 protein. The new approach uses a drug called trastuzumab deruxtecan (T-DXd), an antibody attached to a chemotherapy drug. 'Smart bomb' This 'smart bomb' strategy allows the drug to target cancer cells directly. 'You can bind to the cancer cell and dump all that chemo right into the cancer cells,' explained Tolaney. 'Some people call them smart bombs because they're delivering chemo in a targeted fashion -- which is how I think we're able to really increase efficacy so much.' Common side effects included nausea, diarrhea and a low white blood cell count, with a less common effect involving lung scarring. T-DXd is already approved as a 'second-line' option -- used when first-line treatments stop working. But in the new trial, it was given earlier, paired with another antibody, pertuzumab. In a global trial led by Tolaney, just under 400 patients were randomly assigned to receive T-DXd in combination with pertuzumab, thought to enhance its effects. A similar number received the standard THP regimen. A third group, who received T-DXd without pertuzumab, was also enrolled -- but those results haven't yet been reported. 44 percent risk reduction At a follow-up of 2.5 years, the T-DXd and pertuzumab combination reduced the risk of disease progression or death by 44% compared to standard care. Fifteen percent of patients in the T-DXd group saw their cancer disappear entirely, compared to 8.5% in the THP group. Because this was an interim analysis, the median progression-free survival -- meaning the point at which half the patients had seen their cancer return or worsen -- was 40.7 months with the new treatment, compared to 26.9 months with the standard, and could rise further as more data come in. Tolaney said the results would be submitted to regulators around the world, including the US Food and Drug Administration, and that future work would focus on optimizing how long patients remain on the treatment, particularly those showing complete remission. 'This represents a new firstline standard treatment option for HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer,' said Dr. Rebecca Dent, a breast cancer specialist at the National Cancer Center Singapore who was not involved in the study.
