Latest news with #DrDeborahLee
Health Line
10-07-2025
- Health
- Health Line
Yes, You Can Use Tampons If You Have an IUD — Here's How
Although tampons and intrauterine devices (IUDs) enter the body in the same way, they don't end up in the same place and shouldn't affect each other. According to Dr. Elle Rayner, an obstetrician, gynecologist, and the founder of The Maternity Collective, people with an IUD can 'absolutely' use tampons. 'Your IUD sits inside the uterus, whereas a tampon is inserted into the vagina, so neither will interfere with each other,' Rayner explains. But it's best to avoid using tampons immediately after your IUD is inserted. 'You're advised to use pads for 48 hours [after],' says Dr. Deborah Lee, a sexual and reproductive healthcare specialist at Dr Fox — Online Doctor and Pharmacy. 'You shouldn't insert anything into the vagina during this time to minimize the risk of infection.' Just how likely is the risk of displacement or expulsion? It's 'very rare' for people to report dislodging an IUD with a tampon, notes Lee. And there isn't much research into it either. What's believed to be the first study in this area found no evidence between tampon use and higher rates of early IUD expulsion. However, more research is needed to fully explore the potential effects of period products on IUD placement. Using a menstrual cup, for example, may increase the risk of expulsion. Of course, other factors can make expulsion more likely, says Lee, including: having heavy, painful periods not having delivered a baby vaginally insertion immediately after a surgical abortion or delivery of a baby the skill of the inserter What exactly causes this? There isn't much evidence — either anecdotal or scientific — to prove that tampons can cause IUDs to move around or fall out. Theoretically, the only way this could happen is if you accidentally catch the strings of the IUD when pulling out your tampon. Your IUD strings shouldn't be long enough for this to be an issue, though. Plus, your tampon strings hang outside your body, meaning you shouldn't have to reach inside to remove it. If your tampon doesn't have a string, take care to only pull at the portion of the tampon closest to the vaginal opening. Is there anything you can do before or after IUD insertion to prepare? Before booking an appointment for IUD insertion, it's a good idea to speak with a healthcare professional about any period-related concerns. For example, your healthcare professional can help you choose the best type of IUD for your body. Hormonal versions tend to make periods lighter or stop them completely, meaning you may not need to use certain period products as much or at all. Doctors can also recommend alternative menstrual products if you have a tilted uterus. Although it's possible to use tampons with a tilted uterus, some people find them difficult to insert. Don't forget to let your IUD inserter know which period products you're likely going to be using, too. 'They may recommend trimming the [IUD] strings a bit shorter to reduce the chance of displacement,' Rayner says. When can you start using a tampon? In the first few weeks after IUD insertion, 'there's a slight increased risk of vaginal infections,' Rayner says. To reduce the risk of infection, some experts advise avoiding tampons for the first month. Depending on the timing of your periods, this may mean you'll need to use different products, like pads, for your first period after getting an IUD. Lee also notes that 'it may be sensible to delay using tampons' until after your IUD follow-up appointment. This is generally recommended 6 weeks after insertion, as 'the highest risk of the IUD being expelled is in the first 6 weeks after fitting,' Lee explains. Is there anything you can do to minimize your risk of complications? Checking that you can still feel your IUD strings after each period will help reassure you that your IUD is still in place. As your cervix can change position throughout your menstrual cycle, it's also a good idea to feel for the strings at different times of the month to determine their location. Of course, if you've had your strings cut short, this may be difficult. Below, Lee explains how to check that the strings are still in place: Wash and dry your hands. Remove your underwear and sit down comfortably on a chair or the edge of a bed. Insert your second and third fingers in your vagina and feel downward and backward, then upward and round the bend, and you should find your cervix. (It's hard and rubbery and said to feel like the tip of your nose.) Feel for the strings. The IUD threads feel like pieces of fishing twine — hard and metallic. Don't worry about whether you can feel one thread or two. As long as you feel them and they seem the usual sort of length, that's all you need to know. Are there any signs to watch for? The easiest way to know if your IUD has fallen out is if you notice it. It could fall into the toilet, for example. 'The worst case scenario is an unnoticed expulsion,' Lee says. 'If you're really unlucky, the first you know about it is a positive pregnancy test.' That's why checking the strings after each period can be important. If the entire IUD has dislodged, you may even be able to feel the coil or plastic stem protruding from the cervix. 'If you're worried you can't feel your strings, or you feel [the IUD] may have become dislodged or fallen out, it's important you get checked to confirm straight away,' Rayner says. 'If you're using an IUD for contraception and you have had unprotected sexual intercourse, you may need emergency contraception,' she adds. 'If it's incorrectly placed or not in situ, you could be at risk of unplanned pregnancy.' You should also use an alternative method of contraception until a healthcare professional has checked your IUD. Try not to panic if the above happens. 'Most often, the threads will be there,' Lee says. 'They may have tucked themselves around the cervix and are lying flush with the surface, so [it may] just not be very easy to feel.' According to Lee, 'If the threads can't be found, [the doctor] will send you for an ultrasound scan to see if the [device] is in the uterine cavity.' But she says, 'If this is the case, the IUD can be left alone until time for removal.' In rare cases, Lee continues, 'Absent coil threads mean the IUD has perforated, meaning the device has passed through the wall of the uterus and into the pelvic cavity. You'll need a laparoscopy — keyhole surgery — to remove it.' Are there any alternatives to consider? If you're uncomfortable with the idea of using tampons, there are plenty of other period products on the market. Some people find menstrual cups and discs more comfortable than traditional tampons. However, one recent study did find a potential link between menstrual cup use and copper IUD expulsion. Therefore, the only completely 'risk-free' products are ones that don't require insertion, such as pads and period underwear. But again, risks with tampons are very, very low.
Daily Mail
02-06-2025
- Business
- Daily Mail
Safety warning over popular 'healthy' food that's often laced with deadly bacteria
Experts have sounded the alarm over a surge in the number of people falling ill after eating unwashed salad that's contaminated with deadly bacteria. An alarming 17 per cent of people in the UK have admitted that they don't bother washing their salad, significantly increasing the risk of being infected by potentially deadly bugs such as listeria, according to a new study. Listeria—which can kill—usually causes a fever, sickness and diarrhoea. But, in more serious cases, it can lead to deadly conditions such as meningitis or sepsis. More than 280 people meanwhile were struck down by a virulent form of food poisoning that was linked to contaminated lettuce grown in the UK last summer. An investigation by food safety experts linked the outbreak of Shiga toxin-producing (STEC)—a rare strain of the diarrhoea-causing bug multiple types of ready meal sandwiches containing the leaves. In a fresh report analysing UK residents' salad washing habits, experts warned that better awareness of bacteria lurking in salad—even products that are labelled washed and ready to eat—is essential to keep food poisoning at bay. Dr Deborah Lee, a UK-based GP turned medical writer, said: 'Salad leaves are a common source of pathogens, including norovirus, Hepatitis. A, cryptosporidium, giardia, toxoplasma, salmonella, campylobacter, yersinia and listeria. 'They can become contaminated at every step of the production process, from contact with soil, water, handling, equipment or storage. The NHS recommends rewashing all prewashed salads and vegetables before use. This is a vital step in food preparation to help reduce gastroenteritis (food poisoning).' The study analysed the salad washing habits of 2,000 UK residents and found that, whilst 60 per cent of people were aware that unwashed leaves could cause food poisoning, 64 per cent of those who admitted to not washing their produce said that didn't think it was necessary. Almost eight per cent of participants said they only use pre-washed, bagged salad. However, Dr Lee warned that just because a salad bag says 'washed and ready to eat', it does not mean that it is free from bacteria. 'Prewashed salad is washed with chlorine as a disinfectant, then rinsed with pure water,' she explained. 'Although this kills over 90 per cent of bacteria, many remain.' Importantly, food that is contaminated with bacteria such as listeria may not look or smell spoiled but can still cause serious and sometimes life-threatening infections. For most people, listeria poisoning is similar to the flu, causing a high temperature, muscles aches or pains, chills and nausea or vomiting. Usually symptoms will improve after a few days. Health experts recommend re-washing salad at home, to better protect against potentially life-threatening infections. 'Rewashing at home provides an additional opportunity to remove any pathogens,' Dr Lee advised. 'For best results, after washing or rewashing, always dry lettuce leaves before eating. I would advise always drying salad leaves in a salad spinner – spinning the lettuce creates a centrifugal force that pulls the water and any pathogens away from the leaves,' she added. This is because leaving produce damp can encourage the growth of deadly bacteria and mould. The study also found that more than 70 per cent of people thought that rinsing produce under the tap would suffice, with only 10 per cent using food-safe cleaning solutions such as vinegar. Heidi Thomas, Head of Marketing for brands such as Zyliss who commissioned the study, said: 'Consumers are increasingly aware of the need to eat healthily, but it's just as important to eat safely. 'The potential risks of not washing salad are very serious – so we must all take time to prep our greens appropriately, even if it slows the cooking process down momentarily,' the food expert added. Official also raised the alarm last month over a surge in cases of STEC seen since the pandemic. In 2024 alone, more than 60 salads, sandwiches and wraps sold across 11 major shops in the UK were slapped with 'do not eat' alerts, over fears they could contain STEC. The outbreak sickened 288 patients, causing nine cases of haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) — a life-threatening condition that can lead to kidney failure — and two deaths, the UKHSA reported. Experts believe the fact that salad items, such as lettuce, are not usually cooked could be behind the surge in cases, as heating can kill off bugs, decreasing the risk of food poisoning. Symptoms of infection vary from stomach cramps and vomiting to bloody diarrhoea, UKHSA says, with around half of people infected experiencing the latter. However, it is often difficult to spot because the same symptoms can be caused by a variety of bugs, including norovirus. According to the annual report, other bacterial infections rose including yersinia infections— rising to 660 cases from 454— and cyclospora cases almost doubled from 61 in 2023 to 123 in 2024. Between 2022 and 2024, Campylobacter laboratory reports rose 27 per cent between 2022 and 2024, with 70,300 cases. Campylobacter is the most common source of food poisoning. It typically causes diarrhoea, nausea and vomiting that gets better naturally within a week. In severe cases, however, it can be life-threatening for vulnerable groups, including young children, the elderly and immunosuppressed. Apart from the misery and pain of the illness itself, the Food Standards Agency (FSA) estimates the bacteria costs the economy some £900million a year in terms of NHS treatment and lost days at work.
The Sun
29-05-2025
- General
- The Sun
The 2 surprising factors that ‘increase your breast cancer risk' as Kara Tointon reveals brave mastectomy
BREAST cancer, it's a disease we've all heard of - most of us will know someone affected - but do you know your risk of developing it? Yesterday, former EastEnders star Kara Tointon revealed she's taken the decision to have a double mastectomy after discovering she carries a gene that increases her risk. But did you know, there are everyday factors that can influence your chances of the disease - including your height? 8 8 The 41-year-old posted an Instagram video to raise awareness of the preventative measure, after discovering she was at risk of both breast and ovarian cancer. She said: "You may have heard of the BRCA genes 1 and 2 and as a carrier it means I am at a greater risk of both breast and ovarian cancer." The soap star was asked to take a genetics test when her mum Carol was undergoing treatment for ovarian cancer back in 2018. Sadly, her mum died in 2019. After having her second son in 2021 and deciding her family was complete, she underwent two preventative surgeries - the first a double mastectomy and the second a two-part procedure involving the removal of the fallopian tubes and later the ovaries. BRCA stands for BReast CAncer. It refers to the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes, which are tumor suppressor genes that play a role in DNA repair and preventing uncontrolled cell growth. When these genes have alterations (mutations), it can increase the risk of developing breast cancer and other cancers. According to Dr Deborah Lee, of Dr Fox Online Pharmacy, women who carry abnormal BRAC 1 and BRAC2 genes have an 85 per cent increased lifetime risk of breast cancer. She added: "Breast cancer is more likely to occur at an earlier age and to affect both breasts. "The risk of ovarian cancer is also increased." Individuals are at a higher risk of carrying BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations if they have a family history of breast, ovarian, or prostate cancer, particularly if multiple close relatives have been diagnosed. If you think you could be at risk, Dr Lee advises seeing your GP. She said: "After a consultation, you may be referred for predictive genetic testing. "There are pros and cons of having the predictive test and not everyone will want to have it. "Before you have the test, you will be offered genetic counselling. The test is a blood test." Two risk factors that might surprise you BRCA genes aren't the only risk factor for breast cancer. Dr Kerri Palmer-Quinn, senior scientific research officer at Breast Cancer UK, says the biggest risk factor is ageing - something we unfortunately cannot control. Like many cancers, family history of the disease and various lifestyle and environmental factors can also influence your risk But other risk factors for breast cancer may surprise you. Being tall Studies suggest there's a slight link between height and breast cancer risk, with taller women potentially having a slightly higher chance of developing the disease. Dr Palmer-Quinn said: "Being tall can slightly increase your risk of breast cancer. "The reasons behind this association are still being investigated, however it may be linked to the growth spurts taller woman have during early development. "These growth spurts mean that taller women may have higher levels of certain growth factors as well as the growth hormone insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1). "IGF-1 can promote cell growth and prevent programmed cell death which can increase the risk of cancer, including breast cancer." High breast density 8 Having high breast density (also known as mammographic density) is a strong risk factor for breast cancer. Dr Palmer-Quinn explained: "having dense breasts means you have higher proportions of fibrous and glandular tissue which is where breast cancers are more likely to arise, in comparison to fat tissue. "Breast density can only be determined by a mammogram scan and isn't related to how your breasts look or feel. "Having dense breasts can make these mammogram scans more difficult to interpret meaning potential cancers are harder to identify. "Breast density can be influenced by your genetics and potentially the environment; it also may change overtime and tends to reduce with age." Other risk factors to be aware of While some breast cancer risk factors are unavoidable, including age, others are modifiable and can be addressed to potentially lower your risk. Weight gain throughout adulthood Weight gain throughout adulthood increases the risk of postmenopausal breast cancer; particularly if the weight gain occurs after menopause has taken places, advised Dr Palmer-Quinn. She added: "After menopause, the body's production of the sex hormone oestrogen shifts from the ovaries to fat tissue. Therefore, increased body fat can lead to higher levels of circulating oestrogen, which is a known risk factor for breast cancer. "In addition, excess body fat can contribute to chronic inflammation and disrupt hormone regulation in ways that may further increase breast cancer risk." What you can do: To maintain a healthy weight, focus on a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and healthy lifestyle habits. Prioritise fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins, and limit sugary drinks and processed foods. Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week. Alcohol consumption 8 Any level of alcohol consumption can increase the risk of developing breast cancer - there is no safe threshold. Dr Palmer-Quinn explained: "Alcohol raises levels of circulating oestrogen. "It is also broken down into acetaldehyde, a compound that can damage DNA and potentially lead to cancer. "Additionally, alcohol can contribute to weight gain, which may further increase risk, particularly after menopause." What you can do: When it comes to giving up alcohol it can help to tell your family and friends that you're aiming to stop drinking alcohol and explain why. This way, you can share your successes with them, and they'll understand why you've started turning down drinks or trips to the pub. Try to identify the times when you would usually drink and fill the gap with something else. And remember to enjoy the benefits, including weight loss, better sleep, and more energy. Smoking Studies have shown a small but statistically significant increased risk of breast cancer in women who smoke compared to those who have never smoked. Dr Lee said: "Current smoking increases the risk of breast cancer by 10 per cent compared to those who have never smoked." What you can do: The most effective way to quit smoking is to combine nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) or other medications with professional support from a local stop smoking service. Lack of exercise A lack of physical activity is a well-established risk factor for breast cancer. Dr Lee explained: "Regular physical activity has been shown to reduce the risk of breast cancer by around 20 per cent. "Exercise lowers hormone levels and reduces inflammation as well as helping control body weight." What you can do: To begin exercising, start with low-impact activities like brisk walking, swimming, or yoga, and gradually increase intensity and duration. Set realistic goals, choose activities you enjoy, and schedule exercise into your routine. Consider finding an exercise buddy, using a journal or app to track progress, and varying your workouts to stay motivated. As well as doing what you can to reduce your risk of breast cancer, make sure you're well aware of the symptoms to look out for - see a GP if you experience any of the below...
