Latest news with #EndangeredWildlifeTrust
The Citizen
5 days ago
- Science
- The Citizen
SA organisation uses dogs to sniff out endangered tortoises
The species' natural habitat shrinking due to agriculture and urban expansion. Collie dog, Delta, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, sniffs at a critically endangered Geometric tortoise, that he helped locate on a private reserve in the Boland district of the Western Cape on June 30, 2025. (Photo by RODGER BOSCH / AFP) Snout pressed to the ground, a border collie named Delta zigzagged through the shrubs on a private nature reserve near Cape Town, frantically sniffing for critically endangered tortoises. The dog stopped abruptly in front of a small bush and lay down, signalling a find as Delta's handler moved in to search the surrounding area. Hidden in the tall grass was a tiny reptile, its shell marked with yellow star-like patterns — a clear sign it was a geometric tortoise, a species found only at the southern tip of Africa. 'It's an adult female, you can tell by its flat belly,' said Esther Matthew, the dog's handler and a conservation officer for South Africa's Endangered Wildlife Trust. ALSO READ: South Africa's oldest Giant Aldabra tortoise turns 120 She explained that the organisation uses canines to sniff out the endangered species by 'building positive association with the tortoises' odour', throwing Delta a foam frisbee as a reward. Dogs are five times more effective than humans at this type of search and 'also help us find the smaller tortoises which are often overlooked, the hatchlings and the juveniles', Matthew said. 'We've seen a dramatic increase in the number of finds with the dogs. Shrinking numbers Their help has become crucial in studying and protecting the geometric tortoise, found only in South Africa's Western Cape province and on the verge of extinction. The species' population was already as low as 1,500 individuals in the wild in the early 1990s, according to biologist Andrew Turner, who works for the conservation authority Cape Nature. It is now estimated at only several hundred animals with 'declines pretty much across the entire remaining range of this species', he told AFP. ALSO READ: Shell-ebrity: world's oldest tortoise turns 190 (ish) On the nature reserve, Delta and Matthew — helped by colleagues searching the bushes with sticks — found a dozen of the hardy reptiles. 'We record all the tortoises we can find, all the data, measurements and weight,' Delta's handler explained. 'Creating corridors' With the species' natural habitat shrinking due to agriculture and urban expansion, these surveys have become all the more critical, Turner said. 'There are very few places left in the Western Cape that still support these tortoises. It's really just a couple of nature reserves and pieces of good habitat left on people's private property,' he added. 'The remaining patches of vegetation are not really connected to each other anymore. There are farmlands in between, roads, towns and industries, so there is limited ability for the tortoises to disperse and rescue other populations.' This fragmentation makes them all the more vulnerable to droughts, predation and fires, which scientists argue have become more frequent and intense thanks to climate change. Poaching — of the tortoises and the plants they feed on — is also a threat, Turner said. ALSO READ: Hawks bust 2 for dealing in tortoises and lizards 'They are down to such small levels that they actually need as much assistance as they can get,' he said. To save the species, the Endangered Wildlife Trust has looked at building 'partnerships' with landowners and communities living in the animals' habitat. 'The biggest thing is… creating corridors where species can work through,' explained Zanne Brink, who leads the organisation's dry lands conservation programme. 'Our biggest challenge is to get enough information to prevent critical biodiversity areas from being lost to unsustainable land use.'
IOL News
16-07-2025
- General
- IOL News
Dogs on the trail of South Africa's endangered tortoises
A conservation official, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, talks about a critically endangered female Geometric tortoise, that they found with specially trained dogs on a private reserve in the Boland district of the Western Cape. Image: RODGER BOSCH / AFP Snout pressed to the ground, a border collie named Delta zigzagged through the shrubs on a private nature reserve near Cape Town, frantically sniffing for critically endangered tortoises. The dog stopped abruptly in front of a small bush and lay down, signalling a find as Delta's handler moved in to search the surrounding area. Hidden in the tall grass was a tiny reptile, its shell marked with yellow star-like patterns - a clear sign it was a geometric tortoise, a species found only at the southern tip of Africa. "It's an adult female, you can tell by its flat belly," said Esther Matthew, the dog's handler and a conservation officer for South Africa's Endangered Wildlife Trust. She explained that the organisation uses canines to sniff out the endangered species by "building positive association with the tortoises' odour", throwing Delta a foam frisbee as a reward. Dogs are five times more effective than humans at this type of search and "also help us find the smaller tortoises which are often overlooked, the hatchlings and the juveniles", Matthew said. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Next Stay Close ✕ Ad Loading Dog-handler Esther Matthew, and Collie dog, Delta, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, play a short game of frisbee as a reward for locating a critically endangered Geometric tortoise on a private reserve in the Boland district of the Western Cape. Image: RODGER BOSCH / AFP "We've seen a dramatic increase in the number of finds with the dogs." The help has become crucial in studying and protecting the geometric tortoise, found only in South Africa's Western Cape province and on the verge of extinction. The species' population was already as low as 1 500 individuals in the wild in the early 1990s, according to biologist Andrew Turner, who works for the conservation authority Cape Nature. It is now estimated at only several hundred animals with "declines pretty much across the entire remaining range of this species", he said. On the nature reserve, Delta and Matthew - helped by colleagues searching the bushes with sticks - found a dozen of the hardy reptiles. "We record all the tortoises we can find, all the data, measurements and weight," Delta's handler explained. With the species' natural habitat shrinking due to agriculture and urban expansion, these surveys have become all the more critical, Turner said. "There are very few places left in the Western Cape that still support these tortoises. It's really just a couple of nature reserves and pieces of good habitat left on people's private property," he added. "The remaining patches of vegetation are not really connected to each other anymore. There are farmlands in between, roads, towns and industries so there is limited ability for the tortoises to disperse and rescue other populations." This fragmentation makes them all the more vulnerable to droughts, predation and fires, which scientists argue have become more frequent and intense thanks to climate change. Poaching - of the tortoises and the plants they feed on - is also a threat, Turner said. "They are down to such small levels that they actually need as much assistance as they can get," he said. To save the species, the Endangered Wildlife Trust has looked at building "partnerships" with landowners and communities living in the animals' habitat. "The biggest thing is... creating corridors where species can work through," said Zanne Brink, who leads the organisation's dry lands conservation programme. "Our biggest challenge is to get enough information to prevent critical biodiversity areas from being lost to unsustainable land use." | AFP
Kuwait Times
15-07-2025
- General
- Kuwait Times
Dogs on the trail of South Africa's endangered tortoises
Dogs on the trail of South Africa's endangered tortoises Snout pressed to the ground, a border collie named Delta zigzagged through the shrubs on a private nature reserve near Cape Town, frantically sniffing for critically endangered tortoises. The dog stopped abruptly in front of a small bush and lay down, signaling a find as Delta's handler moved in to search the surrounding area. Hidden in the tall grass was a tiny reptile, its shell marked with yellow star-like patterns -- a clear sign it was a geometric tortoise, a species found only at the southern tip of Africa. 'It's an adult female, you can tell by its flat belly,' said Esther Matthew, the dog's handler and a conservation officer for South Africa's Endangered Wildlife Trust. She explained that the organization uses canines to sniff out the endangered species by 'building positive association with the tortoises' odor', throwing Delta a foam frisbee as a reward. Dogs are five times more effective than humans at this type of search and 'also help us find the smaller tortoises which are often overlooked, the hatchlings and the juveniles', Matthew said. 'We've seen a dramatic increase in the number of finds with the dogs.' A critically endangered Geometric tortoise walks through the bush on a private reserve. A conservation official talks about a critically endangered female Geometric tortoise, that they found with specially trained dogs on a private reserve in the Boland district of the Western Cape. A general view of flowers in the genus, Oxalis, growing on a private reserve. A conservation official, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, talks about a critically endangered female Geometric tortoise. Collie dog, Delta, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, works to sniff out critically endangered Geometric tortoises. Dog-handler Esther Matthew, and Collie dog, Delta, working as part of the Endangered Wildlife Trust's Dryland Conservation Project, play a short game of frisbee as a reward for locating a critically endangered Geometric tortoise on a private reserve. Shrinking numbers The help has become crucial in studying and protecting the geometric tortoise, found only in South Africa's Western Cape province and on the verge of extinction. The species' population was already as low as 1,500 individuals in the wild in the early 1990s, according to biologist Andrew Turner, who works for the conservation authority Cape Nature. It is now estimated at only several hundred animals with 'declines pretty much across the entire remaining range of this species', he told AFP. On the nature reserve, Delta and Matthew -- helped by colleagues searching the bushes with sticks -- found a dozen of the hardy reptiles. 'We record all the tortoises we can find, all the data, measurements and weight,' Delta's handler explained. 'Creating corridors' With the species' natural habitat shrinking due to agriculture and urban expansion, these surveys have become all the more critical, Turner said. 'There are very few places left in the Western Cape that still support these tortoises. It's really just a couple of nature reserves and pieces of good habitat left on people's private property,' he added. 'The remaining patches of vegetation are not really connected to each other anymore. There are farmlands in between, roads, towns and industries so there is limited ability for the tortoises to disperse and rescue other populations.' This fragmentation makes them all the more vulnerable to droughts, predation and fires, which scientists argue have become more frequent and intense thanks to climate change. Poaching -- of the tortoises and the plants they feed on -- is also a threat, Turner said. 'They are down to such small levels that they actually need as much assistance as they can get,' he said. To save the species, the Endangered Wildlife Trust has looked at building 'partnerships' with landowners and communities living in the animals' habitat. 'The biggest thing is... creating corridors where species can work through,' explained Zanne Brink, who leads the organization's dry lands conservation program. 'Our biggest challenge is to get enough information to prevent critical biodiversity areas from being lost to unsustainable land use.'—AFP
The Citizen
15-07-2025
- Science
- The Citizen
Wildlife biotech researcher leaves cutting-edge legacy
The Endangered Wildlife Trust (EWT) is saddened by the sudden passing of a former colleague and a leader in the use of assisted reproductive technology for wildlife conservation, Dr Paul Bartels. Bartels was born on February 22 in 1956, and passed away on July 9. Bartels' research work was considered of strategic importance, resulting in the Wildlife Biological Research Centre moving from the EWT to the National Zoological Gardens in Pretoria under the National Research Foundation. It later became the National Wildlife Biobank under the South African National Biodiversity Institute in Pretoria. Based at the National Zoological Gardens campus in Pretoria, SANBI Biobank is an international institution with samples from over 40 countries. He initiated the Save Magaliesberg Species Project in partnership with the Wildlife and Environment Society of SA, and volunteers and students of the Tshwane University of Technology's Department of Nature Conservation. Eleanor Momberg, spokesperson for the Trust, said that Bartels was a pioneer in this cutting-edge field, that merges science and conservation by aiming to futureproof the genetic composition of captive and wild gene pools when wildlife populations may not be able to do this naturally. 'His vision led to the establishment of the first wildlife biobank in Africa. The Wildlife Biological Resource Centre was established in 1996 as a working group within the trust. The centre was dedicated to the collection, processing, banking, use, and distribution of wildlife biomaterials for biodiversity conservation and biotechnology development.' Starting from humble beginnings as a small research project based out of the Tompi Seleka Agricultural College in the former Lebowa (Limpopo), where he worked as a wildlife veterinarian and lecturer in animal health, the project quickly grew. The project provided a learning platform for students from across the globe and spearheaded the development of biotech to safely and effectively collect, store and potentially reuse the reproductive materials of wildlife species such as lions, buffalo, eland, bontebok, blesbok, elephant and rhino. In 1998, the centre made global history with the birth of the world's first artificially inseminated wildlife baby, an eland female called Graca, after South Africa's then first lady. Graca was conceived via artificial insemination using the sperm that had been collected post-mortem from an eland bull that had died four hours before semen collection. The semen was then frozen and used over a year later to inseminate an eland cow at the Johannesburg Zoo. Graca made history by showing the world that the genetics from wild species can still play a role in maintaining genetic diversity, even after the donor animal has died before collection. He also used his 25 years' experience in wildlife tissue banking to found a company to produce meat in a laboratory that would contribute to food security. As an avid entrepreneur, he founded WildBio Co, which uses cutting-edge scientific research and innovation to produce cell lines for wildlife conservation, food security and novel product development; and later CryoWild, a non-profit organisation. WildBio developed the world's largest African species biobank for accelerating the development of the biomedical, food tech and biotech industries. He was recently appointed as a research fellow at Stellenbosch University's Department of Animal Science, where he led cutting-edge work in cellular agriculture biobanking, as well as serving as a lecturer in wildlife management at the Tshwane University of Technology. 'Paul worked for the EWT for more than a decade, and we are deeply saddened by the loss of this visionary leader in biotech and wildlife conservation. 'We are, however, eternally grateful for the legacy he leaves in the form of cutting-edge science, dozens of empowered and highly trained scientists, an African wildlife biobank and leading science. 'All of this can be used to save wildlife, support ethically and sustainably food security and secure the genetic diversity and future of dozens of threatened African wildlife species,' closed Momberg. ALSO READ: WATCH: Raw sewage continues to pollute Moreleta Spruit, no action from metro Do you have more information about the story? Please send us an email to [email protected] or phone us on 083 625 4114. For free breaking and community news, visit Rekord's websites: Rekord East For more news and interesting articles, like Rekord on Facebook, follow us on Twitter or Instagram or TikTok. At Caxton, we employ humans to generate daily fresh news, not AI intervention. Happy reading!
Daily Maverick
13-07-2025
- General
- Daily Maverick
Piles of sh*t — Communal farmers tackle nappy waste, and the climate crisis (Part 1)
Lives depend on keeping Africa's old-growth grasslands healthy. But a grim form of pollution in the Eastern Cape — soiled nappies — is undermining communal farmers' ability to be good stewards of shared grazing. A simple solution shows how local action, if done at scale, will have regional and global implications as the climate becomes more volatile. The call to action to deal with the nappy problem in rural Matatiele came from the indigenous stockmen, not their wives. This might come as a surprise, given that child care and the grim job of diaper changing are still the domain of womenfolk everywhere. But a man still holds the purse strings here, and through the course of his baby's nappy-wearing days, he might have to fork out as much as R15,000 on single-use nappies. That could buy his family three cows, give or take. However, it wasn't the cost of the nappies that had the men worried. It was the impact on their cattle's health. These farmers in the Madlangala district of the Eastern Cape highlands are descendants of cattle herders who, for generations, have relied on small herds as a way to bank the family savings. They know that their nest eggs are whittled away if their animals lose condition. A lean, bony cow is going to fetch less on auction than a plump one. Soiled nappies, tossed into the veld and streams, were part of why farmers were battling to get their animals to market. A healthy, bankable herd isn't just important for a family's livelihood in a remote countryside like this where jobs are few, though. It has regional and planet-scale implications. Farmers who lose money because their cows are skinny will run bigger herds to make up the loss, which hammers the veld. Animals go hungry, but overgrazing also breaks down the veld's water-catchment function. Madlangala falls in one of the country's strategic water source areas, a region that covers only 10% of the country but collects 50% of South Africa's water. Grasslands are also powerful carbon mop-up machines, taking excess planet-heating carbon from the atmosphere and locking it away in the soil, which regulates the climate across the planet. About a third of South Africa is covered with grasslands. Plants are a tried-and-tested technology for mopping excess carbon from the atmosphere. Trees and forest ecosystems are often seen as the heavyweights in this work. But in a country like South Africa, which doesn't have much natural forest, grasslands are the most important ecosystem for carbon sequestration, locking away 28% of the country's land-based carbon, according to the 2020 National Terrestrial Carbon Sink Assessment). Savannahs follow at 25%. At scale, this ecosystem service adds up to a significant contribution to global carbon clean-up. But around 60% of South Africa's grasslands are so badly damaged they may be irreparable, according to the Endangered Wildlife Trust. If families' efforts to tackle the nappy pollution in Madlangala can improve herd health and keep the veld healthy, and if similar veld restoration can be done at scale across this critical ecosystem, these citizens, and South Africa and a whole, will be adding their weight to the collective global efforts needed to address the climate emergency. Tummy problems and tapeworms Traditional healer Xolo Mandubu has seen first hand what happens when cows eat plastic litter lying in the veld. 'They lose their appetite. They become weak, the (digestion) is not effective,' Mandubu says. After 10 years of practising in his community, he's found animals he's slaughtered for ceremonies have had stomachs or intestines clogged with plastic. At best, it causes bloating and disrupts digestion. At worst, it can lead to a fatal gastric blockage. Mandubu often treats people for diarrhoea that he attributes to drinking water, and has treated skin irritations he links with the chemicals in single-use nappies. But there's another reason why abattoirs steer clear of animals from communal farm areas. If the telltale sign of tapeworm infection turns up after slaughter — a noxious looking eruption of white pimples that's found between the muscle and hide — and if it covers more than half the animal, by law the carcass must be condemned. 'It was too risky (for abattoirs) to buy from communal areas,' says Sarah Frazee, chief executive officer of Meat Naturally, a social enterprise initiative that's working with farmers and civil society organisations here to improve herd health and grazing. 'Sanitation has improved in the communal areas, but the diapers are a big issue, which is the combination of (eaten) plastic and the tapeworm cycle,' she says, explaining the historic reason why communal herders have battled to get into the formal meat market. Human faeces in water courses or the veld keeps this parasite cycle ticking over, with cattle picking up the eggs on grass shoots as they feed. Mountains of waste Like most people living in the remote countryside, families in the Madlangala area were in a bind. What to do about the mountain of nappy waste? A household survey among a little more than 500 people in the area found that babies needed an average of four nappies in a 24-hour period. That's 1,785 nappies a day across all the families, and roughly 100,000 nappies daily across the entire municipal district. In the course of a year, 3.1 million nappies made of virtually indestructible plastic will be thrown out in the household waste. Families are buying cheap and convenient throw-away nappies mostly because they don't have an alternative, even if they want washable nappies, according to Amanda Kalaku, the rangeland and waste management lead for the non-governmental development agency Environmental and Rural Solutions (ERS) that did the survey. From the corner tuck shop selling single no-name nappies for about R2 each, to the supermarket chains in nearby towns where big brands sell bulk packs of 30 or more on special, it's shelf-to-shelf disposables. 'That's R2 (per nappy), it's very cheap. But it's not biodegradable, even for thousands of years,' she says. Even if the plastic nappy components eventually break apart, they won't decompose to become a useful part of the nutrient cycle, the way paper or wood do. They stay in their industrial formation, but just become too small to see with the naked eye so seem to have disappeared. Municipal waste trucks don't travel this far out, either. People can't burn the nappies, what with all that soiled, moisture-absorbent gel. Soiled nappies can't go in the pit latrine, because they will quickly fill it up. Bury them in the ground and the family will soon find they lose healthy crop-growing plots to the spreading filth. The people of Madlangala put their heads together with ERS and Meat Naturally to come up with a fix. If retailers weren't going to stock washable options, they'd find their own supply of reusables. What they don't know is that their actions unwittingly align with the vast majority of citizens around the world. A recent global study found that as many as 89% of people around the world want action on climate change, and most expect this to come from their governments. For this community in rural Matatiele, they're taking matters into their own hands, possibly without realising they're contributing to helping the global climate effort. The poo problem When Kalaku and her team canvassed the locals about their attitudes towards nappies and how this informs their choices, the findings were unsurprising. The matter of stigma came up — cloth nappies are sometimes seen as old fashioned; branded disposables are the rich mum's choice. 'But the old cloth nappies are no longer available in the shops,' Kalaku recalls them telling her. If people had the option, would they be willing to shift? 'I think 40% said yes, the rest said no. When we asked why not, they said 'we don't want to wash the poo'.' With this information in hand, ERS found a solution: a cloth nappy made by a small operator, Biddykins, in Durban, about five hours drive away. The nappy is shaped, unlike the old square towelling nappies, with a patchwork of press studs that allows it to expand as the baby grows. It has a waterproof insert. Most importantly, it comes with a compostable liner that catches the solids. 'They can throw the liner in the pit latrine. It's biodegradable, like toilet paper.' The cloth nappy then goes into the laundry basket with all the other clothes. There was one problem, though. '(Biddykins is) an online store. There's no signal (out here),' says Kalaku. A rural community like this is so far off the e-commerce grid as to be invisible to it. A courier service certainly won't deliver here. The solution: ERS had stock delivered to their Matatiele office and worked with aspirant entrepreneurs in Madlangala who wanted to become middlemen, buying the nappies at cost and re-selling them for a small profit. It's early days, but since the first families began using the cloth nappies in 2022, parents have remarked on how little water or elbow grease goes into laundering them. Mostly, though, it's the savings that they commented on. When ERS did the initial survey, 93% of people were on a child income grant, which today amounts to R560 per month. Now, instead of having to pay most of that towards disposable nappies, a once-off payment of R290 will get them a pack of two Biddykins nappies. A pack of five will set someone back by R525, and that will last for the full nappy-wearing life of the baby. 'Out of the volume of disposable nappies that was going into the landscape, if it's reduced by 50 people, that's four or five nappies per day. So imagine. That's radical!' Even some men are promoting the 'smart' nappies — a deliberate renaming to remove some of the stigma that might still stick to cloth nappies. Men like Xolo Mandubu. 'A man who says he has got nothing to do with nappies, to me, such a man is more or less confused,' he chuckles, his hands rummaging in an animal skin bag to find a tub of powder from dried plants that he recommends for treating various skin conditions. 'I say (to fathers), as a man, you are the one impregnating the woman. What did you expect after that? What role do you have to play?' Eyes twinkling with humour as he recalls his exchanges with others in the community, Mandubu rubs a pinch of the powder between his palms and wipes it over his brow and cheeks. 'How did that young boy (that you fathered) grow?' he asks men. 'He didn't come out of nowhere.' DM This story is from Story Ark — tales from southern Africa's climate tipping points, a multi-year mobile journalism project that's investigating how the climate crisis is unfolding on our doorstep, in our lifetime. It is a collaboration with the Stellenbosch University School for Climate Studies and the Henry Nxumalo Foundation which supports investigative journalism. It is also part of the Covering Climate Now 89 Percent Project, a yearlong global media collaboration aimed at highlighting the fact that the vast majority of people in the world care about climate change and want their governments to do something about it.
