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Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help
Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help

Economic Times

time5 days ago

  • Health
  • Economic Times

Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help

Synopsis Fatty liver disease, now medically known as MASLD, is becoming more common, especially among people who are overweight, diabetic, or have metabolic syndrome. Though often symptomless in its early stages, it can progress to MASH—a more severe form involving liver inflammation and damage—which significantly increases the risk of liver cancer. Experts highlight that early detection and lifestyle changes like maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, and exercising regularly can help reverse the condition before it becomes life-threatening. Rising Cases of Fatty Liver Disease Linked to Cancer Risk Fatty liver disease, now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is becoming increasingly common, particularly among individuals who are overweight, diabetic, or living with metabolic syndrome. While early stages of the condition might not cause any visible symptoms, health experts caution that without timely intervention, it can advance into a more serious condition called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which significantly heightens the risk of liver to the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, MASH can lead to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis—each a known precursor to hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer. Though the disease can remain silent in its early stages, regular screening and lifestyle changes can help prevent long-term complications. MASLD involves the accumulation of fat in the liver in people who consume little or no alcohol. While MASLD itself may not be immediately dangerous, around 25% of affected individuals may develop MASH. This progression brings inflammation and damage to liver cells, eventually causing fibrosis (scarring) and possibly cirrhosis. Internal medicine specialist Dr. Jessica Hwang explains that once fibrosis has developed, the damage is difficult to reverse and increases cancer risk due to long-term cellular injury and makes this disease particularly risky is that even those without cirrhosis may still face elevated cancer risk if they have MASH, as chronic inflammation remains a driver of cellular changes in the groups of people are more susceptible to MASLD and its complications: Individuals who are overweight or obese, especially with abdominal fat Those with type 2 diabetes People with high cholesterol or triglycerides Individuals with high blood pressure Those with metabolic syndrome, defined by a combination of obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol levels People with a family history of liver disease According to Dr. Hwang, the presence of these conditions not only raises the risk of MASLD but also increases the likelihood of progression to MASH and liver cancer. Fatty liver disease is often termed a 'silent' condition. Most people experience no noticeable symptoms until the disease becomes advanced. However, there are some potential warning signs, such as: Ongoing fatigue Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen Elevated liver enzymes seen in routine blood tests Enlarged liver visible through imaging Unexplained weight loss in more advanced cases Because symptoms can be minimal or entirely absent, early detection through blood tests, ultrasounds, or MRIs is especially important for people with risk emphasize that the condition is not only preventable but often reversible if caught early. Key preventive measures include: Maintaining a healthy weight: Losing just 5–10% of body weight can improve liver health. Losing just 5–10% of body weight can improve liver health. Eating a balanced diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and lean proteins helps reduce fat buildup in the liver. A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and lean proteins helps reduce fat buildup in the liver. Exercising regularly: At least 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of intense exercise weekly is recommended. At least 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of intense exercise weekly is recommended. Improving sleep quality: Poor sleep can increase insulin resistance and weight gain, worsening liver health. Poor sleep can increase insulin resistance and weight gain, worsening liver health. Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol: These substances can further damage the liver and heighten cancer risk. These substances can further damage the liver and heighten cancer risk. Managing cholesterol and blood sugar: Through a combination of diet, medication, and physical activity. Hydration and routine check-ups are also vital. If you belong to a high-risk group or have symptoms, speaking with your doctor about liver screening and new treatment options, including certain weight-loss medications, can be liver disease might start off as a minor health issue, but its potential to evolve into MASH and even liver cancer makes early intervention crucial. With rising cases globally, especially among those with poor dietary and exercise habits, the condition is increasingly viewed as a serious health threat. Fortunately, the path to better liver health lies largely in lifestyle choices.

Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help
Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help

Time of India

time5 days ago

  • Health
  • Time of India

Fatty liver symptoms to watch before it turns cancerous: Who's most at risk and what lifestyle changes can help

Fatty liver disease , now referred to as metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD), is becoming increasingly common, particularly among individuals who are overweight, diabetic, or living with metabolic syndrome. While early stages of the condition might not cause any visible symptoms, health experts caution that without timely intervention, it can advance into a more serious condition called metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH), which significantly heightens the risk of liver cancer. According to the MD Anderson Cancer Center at the University of Texas, MASH can lead to liver inflammation, fibrosis, and cirrhosis—each a known precursor to hepatocellular carcinoma, the most common type of liver cancer. Though the disease can remain silent in its early stages, regular screening and lifestyle changes can help prevent long-term complications. Explore courses from Top Institutes in Please select course: Select a Course Category Public Policy Data Analytics healthcare PGDM Operations Management MBA Cybersecurity Others Digital Marketing MCA Data Science CXO Healthcare Data Science Leadership Finance others Artificial Intelligence Design Thinking Product Management Technology Degree Management Project Management Skills you'll gain: Duration: 12 Months IIM Calcutta Executive Programme in Public Policy and Management Starts on undefined Get Details Skills you'll gain: Economics for Public Policy Making Quantitative Techniques Public & Project Finance Law, Health & Urban Development Policy Duration: 12 Months IIM Kozhikode Professional Certificate Programme in Public Policy Management Starts on Mar 3, 2024 Get Details Understanding MASLD and Its Link to Cancer MASLD involves the accumulation of fat in the liver in people who consume little or no alcohol. While MASLD itself may not be immediately dangerous, around 25% of affected individuals may develop MASH. This progression brings inflammation and damage to liver cells, eventually causing fibrosis (scarring) and possibly cirrhosis. Internal medicine specialist Dr. Jessica Hwang explains that once fibrosis has developed, the damage is difficult to reverse and increases cancer risk due to long-term cellular injury and inflammation. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Mountain Gear for Extreme Conditions Trek Kit India Learn More Undo What makes this disease particularly risky is that even those without cirrhosis may still face elevated cancer risk if they have MASH, as chronic inflammation remains a driver of cellular changes in the liver. Who Is Most at Risk? Several groups of people are more susceptible to MASLD and its complications: Individuals who are overweight or obese, especially with abdominal fat Those with type 2 diabetes People with high cholesterol or triglycerides Individuals with high blood pressure Those with metabolic syndrome, defined by a combination of obesity, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and abnormal cholesterol levels People with a family history of liver disease According to Dr. Hwang, the presence of these conditions not only raises the risk of MASLD but also increases the likelihood of progression to MASH and liver cancer. Recognising the Signs Fatty liver disease is often termed a 'silent' condition. Most people experience no noticeable symptoms until the disease becomes advanced. However, there are some potential warning signs, such as: Ongoing fatigue Discomfort or pain in the upper right abdomen Elevated liver enzymes seen in routine blood tests Enlarged liver visible through imaging Unexplained weight loss in more advanced cases Because symptoms can be minimal or entirely absent, early detection through blood tests, ultrasounds, or MRIs is especially important for people with risk factors. How to Lower Your Risk Experts emphasize that the condition is not only preventable but often reversible if caught early. Key preventive measures include: Maintaining a healthy weight: Losing just 5–10% of body weight can improve liver health. Eating a balanced diet: A diet rich in fruits, vegetables, legumes, whole grains, and lean proteins helps reduce fat buildup in the liver. Exercising regularly: At least 150 minutes of moderate activity or 75 minutes of intense exercise weekly is recommended. Improving sleep quality: Poor sleep can increase insulin resistance and weight gain, worsening liver health. Avoiding tobacco and limiting alcohol: These substances can further damage the liver and heighten cancer risk. Managing cholesterol and blood sugar: Through a combination of diet, medication, and physical activity. Hydration and routine check-ups are also vital. If you belong to a high-risk group or have symptoms, speaking with your doctor about liver screening and new treatment options, including certain weight-loss medications, can be critical. Fatty liver disease might start off as a minor health issue, but its potential to evolve into MASH and even liver cancer makes early intervention crucial. With rising cases globally, especially among those with poor dietary and exercise habits, the condition is increasingly viewed as a serious health threat. Fortunately, the path to better liver health lies largely in lifestyle choices.

Can fatty liver increase cancer risk? Know the signs and how to prevent it
Can fatty liver increase cancer risk? Know the signs and how to prevent it

Time of India

time5 days ago

  • Health
  • Time of India

Can fatty liver increase cancer risk? Know the signs and how to prevent it

Fatty liver disease—now known in medical terms as metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)—is on the rise, especially among people who are overweight, diabetic, or have metabolic syndrome. While early stages may appear harmless or even symptomless, experts warn that if left untreated, fatty liver can progress to metabolic dysfunction‑associated steatohepatitis (MASH)—a more serious condition involving inflammation and liver damage. This progression can significantly increase the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), the most common form of liver cancer according to a a report by MD Anderson Cancer Center, University of Texas. Fortunately, early detection and lifestyle interventions can often reverse the condition before it becomes life-threatening. What is MASLD and how does it lead to cancer? MASLD refers to fat accumulation in the liver in individuals who consume little or no alcohol. When this condition progresses to MASH, inflammation and damage to liver cells occur. Over time, this can result in fibrosis (scarring) and eventually cirrhosis, both of which are known risk factors for liver cancer. Even in cases where cirrhosis hasn't yet developed, the presence of MASH significantly increases cancer risk due to chronic inflammation and cellular damage in the liver. How lifestyle affects your risk Your daily habits play a major role in whether fatty liver progresses to cancer. People with unhealthy diets, sedentary lifestyles, and poor sleep quality are more likely to develop MASLD. On the flip side, those who engage in regular physical activity, maintain a healthy weight, and follow a balanced diet are much less likely to develop advanced liver disease. Diets high in processed foods, red meat, and added sugars tend to worsen liver health, while plant-based foods and whole grains can help protect it. Who is at high risk? Certain individuals are more likely to develop fatty liver disease and face increased cancer risk, including those who: Are overweight or obese, especially with abdominal fat Have type 2 diabetes Suffer from high cholesterol or triglycerides Have high blood pressure Are diagnosed with metabolic syndrome Have a family history of liver disease Millions of people worldwide may have MASLD or MASH without knowing it, putting them at risk for complications, including liver cancer. Warning signs your liver may be affected Fatty liver disease is often called a "silent" condition because many people do not notice symptoms until the disease has advanced. However, some potential warning signs include: Chronic fatigue or weakness Discomfort or pain in the upper right side of the abdomen Elevated liver enzymes on blood tests Enlarged liver detectable by imaging Unexplained weight loss (in more advanced stages) Because symptoms often appear late, routine screening is important for high-risk individuals. How to reduce risk and protect your liver The good news is that fatty liver disease is often preventable—and even reversible in early stages. The following strategies can significantly reduce your risk: Maintain a healthy weight: Losing just 5–10% of body weight can have a major impact on liver health. Adopt a balanced diet: Emphasize vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains, lean protein, and healthy fats. Exercise regularly: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity activity per week. Prioritize quality sleep: Lack of sleep can worsen insulin resistance and weight gain. Avoid alcohol and tobacco: Both contribute to liver inflammation and damage. Manage blood sugar and cholesterol: Through diet, exercise, or medications as needed. Seek medical guidance: Ask your doctor about liver screening if you have risk factors. New treatments, including weight-loss medications, may also be helpful. Fatty liver disease is more than just fat in the liver—it's a growing health crisis with serious long-term consequences, including liver cancer. The progression from MASLD to MASH to liver cancer can occur quietly, but it can often be stopped or even reversed through timely intervention. With regular checkups, awareness of symptoms, and simple lifestyle changes, you can protect your liver and reduce your risk of life-threatening complications. If you're at risk, don't wait—speak with your doctor and take action today.

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Clinical Trial Analysis: Key Insights into Rich Pipeline Featuring 8+ Companies and 8+ Therapies
Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Clinical Trial Analysis: Key Insights into Rich Pipeline Featuring 8+ Companies and 8+ Therapies

Globe and Mail

time17-06-2025

  • Business
  • Globe and Mail

Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Clinical Trial Analysis: Key Insights into Rich Pipeline Featuring 8+ Companies and 8+ Therapies

DelveInsight's, 'Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Insight 2025,' report provides comprehensive insights about 8+ companies and 8+ pipeline drugs in Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer pipeline landscape. It covers the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer pipeline drug profiles, including clinical and nonclinical stage products. It also covers the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer pipeline therapeutics assessment by product type, stage, route of administration, and molecule type. It further highlights the inactive pipeline products in this space. Discover the latest drugs and treatment options in the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline. Dive into DelveInsight's comprehensive report today! @ Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Outlook Key Takeaways from the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Report In June 2025, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center announced a phase II trial studies how well autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes LN-145 (LN-145) or LN-145-S1 works in treating patients with ovarian cancer, triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), anaplastic thyroid cancer, osteosarcoma, or other bone and soft tissue sarcomas that do not respond to treatment (refractory) or that has come back (relapsed). DelveInsight's Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline report depicts a robust space with 8+ active players working to develop 8+ pipeline therapies for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer treatment. The leading Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Companies such as Takeda, Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Taizhou Hanzhong Pharmaceuticals, AffyImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Merck & Co, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., Codiak BioSciences, Hutchison Medipharma Limited, Bristol-Myers Squibb and others. Promising Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Therapies such as Pembrolizumab, Lenvatinib, Nivolumab, Sorafenib (Nexavar,BAY43-9006), dabrafenib/trametinib, Sacituzumab govitecan, MLN0128, Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), efatutazone, HLX208 and others. Stay ahead with the most recent pipeline outlook for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer. Get insights into clinical trials, emerging therapies, and leading companies with Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer @ Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Treatment Drugs Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Emerging Drugs Profile Sapanisertib: Takeda Sapanisertib is a dual TORC 1/2 inhibitor that targets a key survival mechanism in KEAP1/NRF2-mutated tumor cells. These mutations are found in a considerable sub-population of patients across multiple solid tumor types. Sapanisertib has demonstrated promising single-agent activity in patients with relapsed/refractory NRF2-mutated squamous non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and exhibits differential anti-tumor activity compared to rapalog inhibitors of TORC1 in NRF2-mutant squamous NSCLC in vivo models. HLX208: Shanghai Henlius Biotech BRAF V600E small-molecule inhibitor can be potentially used in the treatment of various solid tumors. HLX208 may be combined with the Company's proprietary EGFR or PD-1 targeted antibodies to enhance a high-quality, innovative and differentiated product portfolio for the treatment of various cancer types. The Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Report Provides Insights into The report provides detailed insights about companies that are developing therapies for the treatment of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer with aggregate therapies developed by each company for the same. It accesses the Different therapeutic candidates segmented into early-stage, mid-stage, and late-stage of development for Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Treatment. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Companies are involved in targeted therapeutics development with respective active and inactive (dormant or discontinued) projects. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drugs under development based on the stage of development, route of administration, target receptor, monotherapy or combination therapy, a different mechanism of action, and molecular type. Detailed analysis of collaborations (company-company collaborations and company-academia collaborations), licensing agreement and financing details for future advancement of the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer market Explore groundbreaking therapies and clinical trials in the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline. Access DelveInsight's detailed report now! @ New Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Drugs Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Companies Takeda, Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Taizhou Hanzhong Pharmaceuticals, AffyImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Merck & Co, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., Codiak BioSciences, Hutchison Medipharma Limited, Bristol-Myers Squibb and others. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer pipeline report provides the therapeutic assessment of the pipeline drugs by the Route of Administration. Products have been categorized under various ROAs such as Inhalation Inhalation/Intravenous/Oral Intranasal Intravenous Intravenous/ Subcutaneous NA Oral Oral/intranasal/subcutaneous Parenteral Subcutaneous Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Products have been categorized under various Molecule types such as Antibody Antisense oligonucleotides Immunotherapy Monoclonal antibody Peptides Protein Recombinant protein Small molecule Stem Cell Vaccine Unveil the future of Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Treatment. Learn about new drugs, Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline developments, and key companies with DelveInsight's expert analysis @ Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Market Drivers and Barriers Scope of the Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Report Coverage- Global Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Companies- Takeda, Shanghai Henlius Biotech, Taizhou Hanzhong Pharmaceuticals, AffyImmune Therapeutics, Inc., Merck & Co, Iovance Biotherapeutics, Inc., Codiak BioSciences, Hutchison Medipharma Limited, Bristol-Myers Squibb and others. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Therapies- Pembrolizumab, Lenvatinib, Nivolumab, Sorafenib (Nexavar, BAY43-9006), dabrafenib/trametinib, Sacituzumab govitecan, MLN0128, Pembrolizumab (Keytruda), efatutazone, HLX208 and others. Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Therapeutic Assessment by Product Type: Mono, Combination, Mono/Combination Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Therapeutic Assessment by Clinical Stages: Discovery, Pre-clinical, Phase I, Phase II, Phase III Get the latest on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Pipeline Therapies and clinical trials. Download DelveInsight's in-depth pipeline report today! @ Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Companies, Key Products and Unmet Needs Table of Contents Introduction Executive Summary Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer: Overview Pipeline Therapeutics Therapeutic Assessment Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer – DelveInsight's Analytical Perspective Late Stage Products (Phase III) Drug name: Company name Drug profiles in the detailed report….. Mid Stage Products (Phase II) Sapanisertib: Takeda Drug profiles in the detailed report….. Early Stage Products (Phase I) AIC100: AffyImmune Therapeutics Drug profiles in the detailed report….. Preclinical and Discovery Stage Products Drug name: Company name Drug profiles in the detailed report….. Inactive Products Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Key Companies Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Key Products Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer- Unmet Needs Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer- Market Drivers and Barriers Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer- Future Perspectives and Conclusion Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Analyst Views Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Key Companies Appendix About Us DelveInsight is a leading healthcare-focused market research and consulting firm that provides clients with high-quality market intelligence and analysis to support informed business decisions. With a team of experienced industry experts and a deep understanding of the life sciences and healthcare sectors, we offer customized research solutions and insights to clients across the globe. Connect with us to get high-quality, accurate, and real-time intelligence to stay ahead of the growth curve Media Contact Company Name: DelveInsight Business Research LLP Contact Person: Yash Bhardwaj Email: Send Email Phone: 09650213330 Address: 304 S. Jones Blvd #2432 City: Las Vegas State: NV Country: United States Website:

Emerging Treatment Strategies Benefit Older Adults With ALL
Emerging Treatment Strategies Benefit Older Adults With ALL

Medscape

time12-06-2025

  • Health
  • Medscape

Emerging Treatment Strategies Benefit Older Adults With ALL

CHICAGO — Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) remains challenging to treat in older adult patients due to biological factors and poor treatment tolerance. But a variety of treatment approaches beyond chemotherapy-only regimens are making inroads in this challenging disease. That's the message Elias Jabbour, MD, of MD Anderson Cancer Center in Houston, delivered during an educational session at American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) 2025. 'Our data show that 5-year overall survival (OS) for patients aged 65+ years remains less than 20, despite all the treatment advances we've seen in the past decade,' Jabbour told attendees. Referring to a review article he co-authored that was published recently in JAMA Oncology , Jabbour noted that these poorer outcomes are due to both disease characteristics and patient characteristics. Regarding disease characteristics, ALL in older adults is more likely to be of B-cell origin, with a greater co-expression of myeloid antigens. It may also have more adverse cytogenetic abnormalities, including Philadelphia positivity, t(4;11), low hypoploidy/near triploidy. It may also have less high hyperdiploidy, t(12;21), and normal karyotype. These traits make ALL in older adults more refractory to primary chemotherapy, Jabbour said. Patient characteristics that contribute to poorer outcomes in ALL include lower male to female ratio, reduced renal function, and a tendency to have worse mucositis. A history of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is common, Jabbour said, noting the importance of establishing a baseline ejection fraction before beginning treatment. With an estimated past malignancy rate of 8%-16% in this population, these factors all combine to lead to more early deaths, Jabbour added. Jabbour noted that immunotherapies like blinatumomab and inotuzumab have shown promise, with similar response rates in older and younger patients. He summarized results from the trials that established immunotherapy as standard of care in relapsed or refractory ALL. Data published in The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) in 2017 showed that the median OS for patients in the blinatumomab group was 7.7 months vs 4.0 months for those in the standard chemotherapy group. More patients had a marrow complete response (CR) in the blinatumomab group than in the chemotherapy group, at 44% vs 25%. Data published in the NEJM in 2016 found that patients who received inotuzumab were more likely to have a marrow CR than those in the chemotherapy group (74% vs 31%). Jabbour also shared data from two studies that stratified patients by age. With blinatumomab, the overall response rate (ORR) was 56% in patients aged 65 years or older compared with 46% in patients younger than 65 years, according to data published in Cancer. Jabbour also shared data from one of his own trials published in Cancer that found that inotuzumab had an ORR of 81% in patients aged 55 years or older vs 80% in those younger than 55 years. 'Then, we asked if we could take these drugs to the frontline and spare the need for intensive chemotherapy for older patients and those with comorbidities,' Jabbour said. 'In 2010, we designed the mini-hyper-CVD regimen with significantly trimmed chemotherapy, then added inotuzumab. Subsequently we added blinatumomab as a consolidation approach and the 10-year follow-up data looked good.' Jabbour shared a list of seven teams of researchers currently testing frontline blinatumomab and inotuzumab combinations in newly diagnosed ALL in older adults. 'All are reporting promising results compared to historical data,' he said. 'We've made progress and survival of older patients is approaching 50% where historically were at 20% overall survival.' The next frontier has been to remove chemotherapy altogether, Jabbour said. 'As investigators, we have to make every effort to move into a chemotherapy-free approach for these vulnerable patients.' This chemotherapy-free approach combining blinatumomab and inotuzumab with TKIs has yielded encouraging results, Jabbour said. 'We know immunotherapies are better than chemotherapy; therefore, it's time to combine them with TKIs,' he said. 'We must prevent central nervous system (CNS) relapses because patients are living longer, and these CNS relapses are what's limiting our progress.' Jabbour highlighted the TKI ponatinib, noting that his and other groups have shown that the use of ponatinib has increased minimal residual disease (MRD)-negative CRs, as well as significantly increasing event-free survival. Ongoing trials are evaluating further optimizations, including integrating CAR T-cell therapy. 'We are measuring MRD by next-generation sequencing (NGS) at 10-6. If a patient is NGS MRD-negative, then we maintain the TKI and do not go for transplant,' Jabbour said. 'In patients who are NGS MRD-positive, we are offering them CAR T cells. If they become MRD-negative, we maintain the TKI; otherwise, we go for transplant.' That means, Jabbour said, that ALL has gone from a disease where transplant was the only way to cure patients to potentially being able to offer CAR T and the promise of finite therapy to these patients. 'We are walking away from chemotherapy because the combination of blinatumomab and a TKI are inducing survival at 4 years of 80%-90%,' he said. 'Moving forward, it's time to integrate immunotherapy fully into the frontline setting, along with bispecific antibody-drug conjugates and CAR T cells.' Jabbour noted that randomized studies are ongoing, with results expected by 2027. 'I hope we will then have a new standard of care for these patients,' he later told Medscape Medical News . Jabbour disclosed having relationships with AbbVie, Adaptive Biotechnologies, Amgen, Ascentage Pharma Group, Astellas Pharma, Bristol Myers Squibb, Genentech, Incyte, Pfizer, and Takeda.

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