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What are tar balls? These black sticky clumps are washing up on Palm Beach County beaches

Tar balls, these sticky, dark clumps have been appearing along the beaches in Florida, staining sand and skin, and even causing Fort Lauderdale Beach to temporarily close. The U.S Coast Guard investigated the tar balls, which were reported from Port Everglades to Palm Beach, but said on the social media site X that "the source remains unknown." While some may seem harmless, experts warn that tar balls can contain toxic chemicals and should be avoided. Their increasing presence has left many wondering, where do they come from, are they dangerous, and what should you do if you spot one? Here's what you need to know. Tar balls are small, sticky clumps of oil that sometimes wash up on shore. They're often leftover from oil spills but can also come from natural oil seeps, places where petroleum slowly rises from the ocean floor. While they may seem harmless, they can contain toxic chemicals and should be avoided. More: Cold front bumps May-like temperatures. Expect cooler temperatures later this week Tar balls form when crude oil on the ocean's surface breaks apart and hardens over time. After an oil spill, the oil spreads into a thin layer, but wind and waves break it into smaller patches, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric administration. As it undergoes weathering, a process of chemical and physical changes, it thickens, hardens, and eventually washes up on shore. More: What are tar balls? How to remove tar ball stains from feet, hands For most people, brief contact with a small amount of oil isn't harmful, but it's best to avoid it. Some people are more sensitive to the chemicals in crude oil, which can cause rashes or allergic reactions, according to The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. If you see tar balls on the beach, it's safest to keep your distance. If you get tar on your skin, wash the area with soap and water, baby oil, or a safe cleaning product like the ones found at auto parts stores. Avoid using harsh chemicals, as they can irritate the skin. Contributing: The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Diamond Walker is a journalist at The Palm Beach Post, part of the USA TODAY Florida Network. You can reach her at dkwalker@ Help support our journalism. Subscribe today This article originally appeared on Palm Beach Post: Tar balls on the beach in Florida: What is the cause of black clumps