Latest news with #PCOD
Time of India
6 days ago
- Health
- Time of India
PCOD diet: Best foods, what to avoid, and lifestyle tips to manage PCOD naturally
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), also called Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), affects millions of women worldwide. It often causes symptoms like irregular periods, weight gain, acne, and infertility. A key factor in PCOD is insulin resistance, which disrupts hormone balance and makes weight management challenging. One of the most effective ways to manage PCOD is through a healthy, balanced diet focused on controlling insulin levels. Choosing low glycemic index foods, anti-inflammatory ingredients, and nutrient-rich whole foods can help regulate hormones, support weight loss, and improve overall reproductive health, enhancing quality of life for those affected. How diet affects PCOD and insulin resistance Women with PCOD often have elevated insulin levels, either due to insulin resistance or poor insulin function. Insulin helps the body convert sugar into energy. However, when cells don't respond well to insulin, the body produces more, which can trigger the ovaries to make more androgens like testosterone. This hormonal imbalance causes many PCOD symptoms such as irregular periods, excessive hair growth, acne, and difficulty with weight loss. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like Avail Freedom Sale Price on M3M Projects. Book Today! M3M India Book Now Undo Managing insulin through a healthy, low-GI diet is key to reversing these effects and supporting hormonal health. Best foods to eat for PCOD management Studies show that certain food groups can significantly help in reducing PCOD symptoms: Low-Glycemic Index (GI) foods These foods help control blood sugar and insulin levels: Whole grains like oats, quinoa, and barley Legumes such as lentils, chickpeas, and black beans Nuts and seeds Non-starchy vegetables (broccoli, spinach, carrots) Anti-inflammatory foods They help reduce internal inflammation: Berries (blueberries, cherries, blackberries) Leafy greens (kale, spinach) Fatty fish (salmon, sardines, tuna) Olive oil, turmeric, and cinnamon The DASH diet (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension) Originally designed for heart health, this diet also benefits PCOD by reducing insulin resistance. It emphasises: Lean proteins Low-fat dairy Whole grains Fruits and vegetables Low salt and sugar intake Foods to avoid in a PCOD diet Eliminating or minimising the following foods can reduce inflammation, stabilize blood sugar, and support hormonal balance: 1. Refined carbs: White bread, pasta, pastries These cause rapid blood sugar spikes, worsening insulin resistance common in PCOD. 2. Fried foods: Chips, burgers, and fast food High in unhealthy fats, they increase inflammation and disrupt hormone balance. 3. Sugary drinks: Sodas, energy drinks Loaded with sugar, they elevate insulin levels and contribute to weight gain. 4. Processed meats : Sausages, bacon, ham Contain additives and preservatives that can worsen inflammation and hormonal issues. 5. Trans fats : Margarine, shortening, hydrogenated oils These fats increase insulin resistance and promote chronic inflammation. 6. Red meat : Pork, steaks, hamburgers High in saturated fats, red meat can exacerbate inflammation and affect insulin sensitivity. Lifestyle changes that support PCOD recovery Along with a balanced diet, lifestyle modifications are essential for managing PCOD: Exercise regularly: Consistent physical activity helps improve insulin sensitivity and hormone balance. Stay hydrated (at least 2–2.5 liters of water daily): Proper hydration supports metabolism and reduces bloating associated with hormonal imbalances. Sleep well (7–8 hours per night): Quality sleep is essential for regulating stress hormones and maintaining overall health. Practice stress reduction (meditation, yoga, journaling): Managing stress can lower cortisol levels, which helps prevent hormonal disruptions. Eat small, frequent meals to avoid insulin spikes : Balanced meals help stabilize blood sugar and reduce symptoms linked to insulin resistance. Avoid skipping meals, especially breakfast : Eating regularly keeps your metabolism steady and prevents overeating later in the day. Track your menstrual cycle and symptoms : Monitoring your cycle helps you understand your body's patterns and detect any irregularities early. Behavioural strategies like goal setting, using self-monitoring tools, and maintaining a support system can also enhance long-term success. Additional tips: Building a sustainable PCOD diet Replace refined sugar with natural sweeteners in moderation. Use whole grain options instead of refined flour. Prioritise plant-based fats like olive oil and avocado. Choose complex carbs like sweet potatoes, quinoa, and oats. Keep a food journal to track what helps or triggers symptoms. Remember, PCOD isn't a one-size-fits-all condition, what works for one person may not work for another. Consulting a dietitian or gynecologist will help you personalize your plan. Also read | Not all breast lumps are cancerous: Here's what you need to know about breast lumps
Mint
01-08-2025
- Health
- Mint
Women, save your heart: PCOD raises risk of cardiac attack and stroke; here's how to fight back
Women face more risks than men when it comes to heart health. This is due to stronger effects of common risk factors, women-specific health issues and lack of proper diagnosis and treatment. In 2021, high BMI caused 3.7 million deaths and 128.5 million disability-related life years, according to the World Heart Federation. Since 1990, obesity has more than doubled in women. In 2022, over 1 billion people had obesity, including 504 million women and 374 million men. If this trend continues, by 2030, around 22% of women over 20 may be obese. By 2050, nearly two-thirds of adults may be overweight or obese. In 2021, there were 3 lakh more heart-related deaths linked to high BMI in women than men, according to WHF. High BMI is now one of the top risk factors for heart disease deaths in many countries. Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD), also known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), is a common health issue in Indian women of reproductive age. One of the problems it causes is weight gain. Indian women with PCOD face higher chances of heart and metabolic health problems. They are more likely to develop high blood pressure, insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity and abnormal cholesterol levels. Early signs of heart disease, like thickening of arteries and calcium deposits, are seen more often. A recent study, published in PubMed, looked at young women in Delhi NCR. It found that 17.4% of women had PCOD, much higher than earlier Indian studies that showed about 8.4%. Around 70% of these women already knew they had PCOD while 30% were diagnosed during the study. The risk was higher for women with an East Indian background and those living in nuclear families. PCOD raises their risk of future heart attacks and strokes. Young women with PCOD may be up to seven times more likely to suffer a heart attack than others their age, says a study published in the Journal of Clinical Gynecology and Obstetrics. Lifestyle changes are crucial in treating PCOD. A healthy diet with low sugar, more fibre, omega-3 fats (fatty fish, oysters, flaxseed oil, chia seeds, walnuts, etc.) and anti-inflammatory foods (berries, green leafy vegetables, nuts and seeds, cherries and grapes, tomatoes) can improve hormone balance and insulin control. Mediterranean diets or keto may also help, according to another study published in PubMed. Regular exercise, such as walking, running or weight training, supports weight loss and better health. These lifestyle changes not only balance hormones but also lower the chance of heart disease.
Hindustan Times
29-07-2025
- Health
- Hindustan Times
Hormonal imbalance and mental health: Doctor shares 5 ways how hormones can affect your mood
Hormones, produced by endocrine glands, play a significant role in maintaining the bodily functions. Metabolism, sexual health, mental health and mood are determined by the hormonal balance of the body. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr. Shwetal Gadhavi, senior consultant and HOD, preventive health services, HCG Hospitals. Ahmedabad explained how hormonal imbalances can affect mood and mental health, triggering anxiety, depression and mood swings. Also read | Common reasons of hormonal imbalance in women Hormonal imbalances can affect mood and mental health, triggering anxiety, depression and mood swings. (Freepik) 1. A chemical messenger: When the endocrine doesn't produce a sufficient number of hormones, an imbalance takes place. This imbalance of hormones can lead to problems with mental health, making issues like anxiety, mood swings, or depression worse. 2. Act of cortisol: A Drop in stress hormones, mostly cortisol, can impact mental health, as it affects blood sugar and insulin levels, which can further lower serotonin, a feel-good neurotransmitter. And estrogen can influence serotonin, which is present in the brain, making you feel calm and happy. 3. Thyroid and other health conditions: Similarly, our body's thyroid gland also produces energy hormones, and fluctuations in it can cause anxiety. Hormones can get disrupted due to various reasons like PCOS/PCOD, thyroid disorders, sedentary lifestyle, Cushing's syndrome, Addison's disease, menopause and chronic stress. It further tends to manifest anxiety, irritability, nervousness, mood swings, or even depression. Also read | Can you balance your hormones with diet, lifestyle changes? Doctor shares 9 things to do: 'Sleep for 7-8 hours' Anxiety, mood swings and depression is common in people with hormonal imbalances.(Shutterstock) 4. Imbalance in hormones and disruption in sleep: The hormone melatonin is responsible for sleep regulation but can get disrupted by cortisol and other hormonal imbalances. And lack of sleep can worsen anxiety, depression, and irritability, creating a vicious cycle. 5. Postpartum and hormonal imbalance: After childbirth, the hormones of women, that is, estrogen and progesterone levels, drop sharply, which is a major cause of postpartum depression or anxiety. When to see a doctor? If there are persistent mood changes, fatigue, or brain fog, it shouldn't be ignored, thinking it to be just stress. One should consult or go for a holistic evaluation when your body shows signs like tiredness, trouble sleeping, muscle pain, fatigue, trouble remembering things, frequent changes in the heart rate, digestive issues, greying or loss of hair, change in weight, etc. Also read | Do you have a hormonal imbalance? Signs to know and natural remedies for relief Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.
Time of India
10-07-2025
- Health
- Time of India
PCOD or PCOS: Key differences, symptoms, causes, and prevention tips every woman should know
Polycystic Ovarian Disease (PCOD) and Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) are two of the most common hormonal disorders affecting women in their reproductive years. While these conditions are often confused due to overlapping symptoms, they are distinct in terms of severity, long-term health impacts, and treatment approaches. Understanding the differences between PCOD and PCOS is crucial for early detection and personalised treatment. While PCOD is relatively manageable with lifestyle changes, PCOS requires long-term medical attention to prevent complications like diabetes, infertility, and cardiovascular issues. A healthy lifestyle combined with regular checkups can greatly improve quality of life and reproductive health for women with either condition. Understanding PCOS and PCOD: How it affects body PCOS PCOS is a serious hormonal and metabolic disorder that causes the ovaries to produce an abnormally high level of androgens (male hormones). This hormonal imbalance interferes with the development and release of eggs during ovulation. How PCOS affects the body: The hormonal imbalance leads to irregular periods or no ovulation at all. Multiple immature follicles form into fluid-filled cysts in the ovaries. These cysts remain unreleased, disrupting fertility. Over time, PCOS can lead to insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular risks. Women with PCOS may also experience acne, excess facial or body hair, and difficulty in conception. Because of its systemic effects, PCOS typically requires medical treatment and long-term management. PCOD PCOD is a condition in which the ovaries release immature or partially mature eggs. These eggs accumulate and form cysts in the ovaries, which may cause the ovaries to enlarge. Common causes of PCOD Caused largely by lifestyle factors like poor diet, lack of physical activity, and stress. Leads to irregular menstruation, weight gain, and mild hormonal imbalances. Can be managed effectively through diet and exercise. Unlike PCOS, PCOD is less severe and doesn't always impact fertility. Many women with PCOD can conceive naturally or with minimal medical help. Key differences between PCOD and PCOS Feature PCOD (Polycystic Ovarian Disease) PCOS (Polycystic Ovary Syndrome) Severity Less severe More serious metabolic disorder Cause Lifestyle-related Endocrine (hormonal) dysfunction Ovulation Irregular, but often occurs Often absent due to anovulation Fertility Largely unaffected Can severely affect fertility Management Diet and lifestyle Requires medical treatment Risk factors Lower long-term risks Risk of diabetes, heart disease, infertility According to UNICEF , PCOS is more serious than PCOD due to its broader metabolic implications and impact on long-term health. PCOD and PCOS: Common symptoms Women may experience symptoms as early as their teenage years or only discover them later in life, especially when trying to conceive. The most common symptoms of both conditions include: Irregular or missed periods Heavy bleeding during periods Excessive facial or body hair (hirsutism) Acne on face, chest, or back Weight gain or difficulty losing weight Hair thinning or scalp hair loss Skin pigmentation (especially on the neck or under breasts) Difficulty conceiving PCOD and PCOS: Causes behind Excess androgen production: Both PCOS and PCOD involve elevated levels of male hormones, disrupting ovulation and causing physical symptoms like acne and hair growth. Insulin resistance: Insulin resistance is common in PCOS, contributing to higher androgen levels and increased fat storage. Lifestyle factors: Poor diet, sedentary lifestyle, stress, and sleep irregularities can trigger or worsen both PCOD and PCOS. Genetics: A family history of PCOS or irregular menstrual cycles can increase the risk of both conditions. Long-term complications of PCOS PCOS, when left untreated, can lead to several chronic health conditions, including: Type 2 diabetes Infertility or complications during pregnancy Endometrial cancer Hypertension and heart disease Anxiety, depression, and sleep apnea Obesity and metabolic syndrome Treatment options for PCOD and PCOS While there's no permanent cure, both conditions can be managed through a combination of lifestyle changes and medical treatment: Lifestyle modifications Weight loss: Losing 5–10% of body weight can regulate menstrual cycles and improve insulin sensitivity. Low-glycemic diet: Focus on high-fiber, low-sugar foods to stabilize insulin levels. Exercise: Moderate activity like brisk walking, yoga, or cycling improves hormonal balance. Medical treatments Hormonal therapy: Oral contraceptives to regularize periods and reduce androgen levels. Insulin-sensitizing drugs: Like metformin, especially in PCOS patients with insulin resistance. Fertility treatments: Ovulation-inducing medications (e.g., clomiphene) and assisted reproduction. Ovarian drilling: A laparoscopic procedure for patients with PCOS unresponsive to medication. Tips to manage PCOD and PCOS naturally Eat balanced meals rich in whole grains, lean proteins, and healthy fats. Avoid refined sugars and trans fats. Get 7–9 hours of sleep daily. Practice stress-reducing activities like meditation, journaling, or walking. Stay hydrated and limit caffeine intake. PCODs and PCOS: Related FAQs What is the main difference between PCOD and PCOS ? PCOD is a lifestyle-related condition causing immature egg release, while PCOS is a hormonal disorder leading to high androgen levels and ovulation issues. Which is more serious—PCOD or PCOS? PCOS is more serious. It's a metabolic disorder that can cause infertility, diabetes, and heart disease if not managed properly. Can women with PCOD or PCOS get pregnant? Yes. PCOD usually allows natural pregnancy with minor help. PCOS may require fertility treatments due to irregular ovulation. What are common symptoms of PCOD and PCOS? Symptoms include irregular periods, acne, weight gain, hair thinning, and excess facial or body hair. How can PCOD and PCOS be managed naturally? Healthy diet, weight loss, regular exercise, and stress reduction can significantly improve symptoms of both conditions.
The Hindu
05-07-2025
- Health
- The Hindu
How genetic factors influence the onset and progression of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS), a multifaceted endocrine-metabolic condition, is increasingly being recognised as not only a reproductive disorder but also a genetic and lifestyle-driven health challenge that affects a growing number of women across India. While clinical attention has often centred around irregular periods and infertility, recent studies and clinical experiences point to the crucial and often overlooked hereditary nature of this condition. Affecting an estimated 5 to 20 % of women of reproductive age in India, PCOS is now understood to be a spectrum disorder -- presenting differently across individuals. According to Dakshayani D., head of obstetrics and gynaecology at MGM Healthcare, Chennai, PCOS is a 'multisystemic pathology,' often seen with irregular cycles, weight gain, hirsutism (excessive growth of dark, coarse hair in women in a male-like pattern, typically on the face, chest and back), acanthosis nigricans (a skin condition characterised by dark, velvety and thickened patches of skin, often found in body folds like the neck, armpits and groin) and in some cases, infertility. She notes that some women may show classical ultrasound findings of multiple peripheral ovarian cysts and increased ovarian volume, while others may have no cysts at all. 'PCOS is not a uniform disease; it manifests differently from lean PCOS to obese PCOS with symptoms such as male-pattern hair growth, scanty or heavy bleeding and insulin resistance varying in severity,' she adds. The genetic element The strong familial clustering of PCOS has led clinicians to view genetics as a significant component in its development. 'There is strong clinical evidence that the condition runs in families,' says R.K. Vidhyalakshmi, lead consultant in obstetrics and gynaecology at SRM Global Hospitals, Chennai. 'First-degree relatives -- mothers, sisters and daughters have a significantly increased risk.' Genomic studies support these clinical observations. Variants in genes such as CYP11a, CYP17, CYP19, INSR, LHR, FSHR, and DENND1A -- all involved in steroid hormone synthesis and ovarian function have been identified in women with PCOS. 'PCOS is a polygenic disorder with no single causative gene,' explains Mannan Gupta, chairman, department of obstetrics and gynaecology at Elantis Healthcare, New Delhi. 'Instead, several gene variants act together with environmental triggers.' Sapna Raina, clinical lead at Narayana Health City, notes that the risk of developing PCOS in women with a family history can be as high as 25–50 %, further underscoring the need for early surveillance in adolescent girls with known familial risk. Early recognition is key Given its variable presentation, early detection of PCOS often depends on clinical vigilance and awareness of familial risk. Dhivya Sharona, consultant gynaecologist at Rela Hospital, Chennai, stresses the need to distinguish PCOS from PCOD -- the latter being a condition limited to ovulatory dysfunction. 'PCOS is broader, and includes metabolic and androgenic symptoms even in the absence of ovarian cysts.' She highlights the increasing prevalence among young Indian women, attributing it to a combination of genetic predisposition and lifestyle factors such as poor dietary habits, high stress and sedentary behaviour. Hormonal screening -- including LH, FSH, AMH, testosterone, prolactin, estradiol, DHEAS, TSH and progesterone -- along with imaging (preferably 3D ultrasonography), enables more accurate assessment of ovarian morphology. '3D USG offers a reliable view of stromal volume and blood flow, which are critical in PCOS evaluation,' adds Dr. Dakshayani. Lifestyle intervention and preventive care Despite its hereditary links, PCOS is highly modifiable through early lifestyle adjustments. 'Maintaining a healthy weight, avoiding refined carbohydrates, and engaging in regular physical activity can delay or even prevent the onset of symptoms in at-risk individuals,' says Dr. Gupta. He also recommends stress management, sleep hygiene, and periodic hormonal evaluation for adolescent girls with family history. 'Even a 5–10% weight loss can help regulate menstrual cycles and improve insulin sensitivity,' says Dr. Vidhyalakshmi, adding that prevention starts with education and personalised counselling. Dr. Raina stresses early behavioural interventions in families known to carry a genetic risk. 'Families often share not just genes but habits. Encouraging healthier food choices, reducing processed food intake and promoting physical activity from adolescence can alter outcomes significantly.' Emerging therapies and personalised approaches As understanding of PCOS deepens, treatment is moving towards individualised care models. 'Pharmacogenomics and polygenic risk scoring are being explored to customise treatment based on genetic profiles,' notes Dr. Gupta. 'This will enable clinicians to predict which patients are likely to respond better to specific hormonal or metabolic therapies.' For hirsutism, Dr. Sharona recommends laser hair reduction for long-term improvement, though medications like spironolactone, finasteride and Eflornithine-based topical creams can offer temporary relief. Therapies such as metformin, myoinositols, oral contraceptives and ovulation-inducing agents like Clomiphene, Letrozole and gonadotrophins are tailored based on whether the primary concern is infertility, metabolic imbalance, or hyperandrogenism.'There's no universal treatment for PCOS -- each patient's symptoms and hormonal profile guide the management,' emphasises Dr. Sharona. Despite its high prevalence, PCOS remains underdiagnosed and underreported. 'The social stigma and silence around menstrual health contributes to delays in diagnosis,' says Dr. Raina. 'It is time we normalise conversations around PCOS within families and schools.' With clinical evidence pointing strongly towards hereditary transmission, clinicians believe that family history must be considered a key diagnostic tool -- not just a background detail. By raising awareness, integrating preventive care early and leveraging advances in genetic research, it may be possible to change the trajectory of PCOS for future generations.
