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Hindustan Times
9 hours ago
- Health
- Hindustan Times
Dandruff or fungal infection? Doctor shares how to spot the difference
Dandruff is a common scalp woe, but surprisingly, not every flake is what it seems. Many may dismiss dandruff as just a haircare misstep, but it may also point to a more serious scalp issue, like a fungal infection. It's easy to mix them up, but by understanding the key differences, one can get the right diagnosis and treatment before the problem worsens. In an interview with HT Lifestyle, Dr BL Jangid, Dermatologist, Hair Transplant Surgeon at SkinQure Clinic, New Delhi, outlined the key differences between dandruff and fungal scalp infections. Don't dismiss particles in your hair as just dandruff, because the treatment may differ.(Shutterstock) ALSO READ: Can you get rid of dandruff permanently? Dermatologist answers Pointing out how alike they can sometimes look, he explained, "To the casual eye, dandruff looks like a dusting across the hair and shoulders, while strands catch the light and show tiny piles resting on the skin. But sometimes, dandruff can also be something else. Because dandruff and fungal infections look so alike, both itch, flake, and leave the scalp feeling uncomfortable, many people mistake one for the other. Yet knowing which problem is what really matters, because the underlying trigger can be different and the best way to treat it may change." It is vital to tell them apart, as Dr Jangid also reminded, that the treatments are different. For fungal infections, doctors prescribe antifungal medication, not just any dandruff shampoo. Dr BL Jangid simplified the differences with the help of a comprehensive guide, outlining the key distinctions along with signs that may indicate the need for a dermatologist visit. Here's the guide he shared: What is dandruff? Dandruff, in contrast to a healthy scalp, looks like a dusting across the parting and shoulders, tiny white or yellowish flakes that shed easily on the shoulders. (Shutterstock) Dandruff itself is a widespread scalp nuisance that causes loose white or light yellow flakes to drift off the head. Its roots vary. Skin that is too oily or too dry, sensitivity to shampoos or gels, and even that same Malassezia yeast living on everyone up there, which, in some people, sparks mild inflammation. So while the fungus sits on most scalps without fuss, it can provoke symptoms in the unlucky few and snow-balling flakes follow. What is a fungal scalp infection? It may itch, yet the urge tends to stay faint, stopping short of the full-body scratching seen with deeper infections. Fungal infections on the scalp, most often tinea capitis or scalp ringworm, grow when dermatophytes-small, skin-loving fungi-take hold in the skin, hair, and follicles. As the fungus spreads, the scalp can turn very red, flake or crust over, lose hair in patches, and, in severe cases, swell or fill with pus. Unlike ordinary dandruff, a fungal infection can pass from one person to another and tends to show up more in kids, although grown-ups catch it, too. Because of this, treatment usually requires prescription antifungal pills or ointments that a doctor writes, not the over-the-counter products found on a drugstore shelf. What are the key differences between dandruff and fungal scalp infections? A trained dermatologist is still the only person who can give you an official diagnosis, yet a few rough clues may point you toward the right trouble: Flake texture: Ordinary flakes feel dry and drift-free, while fungal scales are thicker, greasier, and cling harder to the skin. Ordinary flakes feel dry and drift-free, while fungal scales are thicker, greasier, and cling harder to the skin. Location and spread: Dandruff sticks almost exclusively to the scalp; a fungus may creep onto the temples, neck, or even the ears. Dandruff sticks almost exclusively to the scalp; a fungus may creep onto the temples, neck, or even the ears. Hair loss: Patchy bald spots show up with infection, but are rare if your scalp problem is just flakes. Patchy bald spots show up with infection, but are rare if your scalp problem is just flakes. Inflammation: Extra redness, swelling, heat, or tenderness usually signals fungus instead of plain dandruff. When to visit a doctor? When these persist for more than a week: Itching Burning Unexplained patches Note to readers: This article is for informational purposes only and not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always seek the advice of your doctor with any questions about a medical condition.
India.com
20-05-2025
- Health
- India.com
How To Fight Frizz, Dandruff, And Hair Fall In Summer: Expert Tips To Protect Your Hair
As the summer sun intensifies, so do our hair struggles. Rising temperatures and humidity create the perfect storm for hair woes—frizz, dandruff, and increased hair fall. While many reach for quick fixes, experts warn that neglecting your scalp during this season can worsen the problem. 'Frizz, Dandruff, And Hair Fall – Summer's Triple Threat To Your Hair' isn't just a catchy phrase—it's a very real and frustrating reality for many. Dr BL Jangid, Dermatologist and Hair Transplant Surgeon at SkinQure Clinic, Delhi, shares practical and medically backed ways to keep your hair and scalp healthy during the heatwave months. Frizz: Why Your Hair Feels Unruly in Summer 'Humidity causes hair to absorb excess moisture from the air, leading to frizz—especially in curly or wavy hair types,' explains Dr Jangid. 'These hair types tend to have more porous cuticles, allowing moisture to enter and swell the strands. Combine that with dehydration and regular heat styling, and your hair starts to look and feel rough and dry.' How to Tame the Frizz: 1. Choose the Right Shampoo & Conditioner: Use a sulfate-free moisturizing shampoo and conditioner to maintain hydration and prevent frizz. 2. Add a Leave-In or Serum: Lightweight leave-in conditioners or hair serums help lock in moisture and smooth down flyaways. 3. Minimise Heat Styling: Excessive blow-drying or flat ironing dries out natural oils, increasing frizz and potential hair breakage. 4. Protective Hairstyles Work: Opt for buns or braids to reduce the hair's exposure to moisture in the air. Dandruff: Your Scalp's Worst Summer Enemy Sweat, pollution, and excess oil form the perfect breeding ground for dandruff-causing fungi. Dr Jangid says, 'A type of yeast-like fungus called Malassezia thrives in warm, damp environments. It leads to flaky scalp, irritation, and sometimes even redness.' While dandruff doesn't directly cause hair fall, an itchy, inflamed scalp can result in increased scratching, leading to root trauma and eventual hair loss. How to Handle Dandruff in Summer: 1. Use an Anti-Dandruff Shampoo: Look for active ingredients like ketoconazole, salicylic acid, or zinc pyrithione. 2. Avoid Over-Oiling: Excess oil traps sweat and creates a breeding ground for dandruff. Use oils sparingly and wash thoroughly. 3. Keep the Scalp Clean: After workouts or sweating, wash your hair to remove salt and grime. 4. Eat for Your Scalp: Include vitamin B and D-rich foods like eggs, yogurt, and leafy greens to support scalp health. Heat-Related Hair Fall: What's Really Happening 'Increased sun exposure, dehydration, and constant sweating weaken hair follicles,' says Dr Jangid. 'Over time, UV rays break down hair proteins, making strands brittle and easier to shed. Add stress and poor diet to the mix, and you've got a perfect setup for summer-induced hair fall.' Protect Your Hair From the Heat: 1. Cover Up Outdoors: Hats and scarves not only shield you from UV damage but also prevent dust and pollution from settling on the scalp. 2. Stay Hydrated: Water isn't just vital for your skin—hydration keeps the scalp healthy and prevents root dryness. 3. Mild Shampoos Matter: Choose gentle cleansers that clean sweat and grime without stripping natural oils. 4. Oil With Care: A weekly scalp massage with coconut or castor oil boosts circulation. But don't leave oil overnight—apply 2–3 hours before a wash for best results. When to Seek Help Dr Jangid says, "If you're experiencing severe hair fall, constant dandruff, or persistent dryness despite following a healthy routine, it may indicate a more serious scalp condition." He advises consulting a certified dermatologist before the situation worsens. Summer might be challenging, but it doesn't have to spell doom for your hair. With the right routine, mindful product choices, and expert advice, you can enjoy healthy, vibrant hair all season long. Prevention, after all, is better than cure—especially when it comes to your scalp.
