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The Print
3 days ago
- Business
- The Print
TN confident of retaining Apple despite US tariff threat—state planning commission official J Jeyaranjan
'Finally, everything comes down to the economics of it. The supply chain we have developed here, and what is developing now is as good as in China. The supply chain is not there (US) and they have to create it. You cannot create it overnight. Even if you create it, (the prices) will be four or five times higher than what they are now,' Jeyaranjan said to ThePrint. In a conversation with ThePrint, Tamil Nadu State Planning Commission's Executive Vice-Chairperson J. Jeyaranjan said it was impossible for Apple to shift the manufacturing units from Tamil Nadu to the US, given the cost of manufacturing. Chennai: Despite US President Donald Trump's threat to impose a 25 percent tariff on iPhones not made in the US, Tamil Nadu remains confident of retaining Apple, citing the strong supply chain it has built in the state over the years. According to the state's industries department, Tamil Nadu accounts for 70-80 percent of the iPhones sourced from India, where only Tamil Nadu and Karnataka manufacture iPhones. TN is also home to Apple's key vendors Foxconn, Pegatron, and Tata Electronics, while Karnataka hosts Wistron. According to Jeyaranajan, Tamil Nadu is on its way to becoming a $5 trillion economy by 2047. 'The Tamil Nadu chief minister asked us to work out where we will be by 2047 before going to the NITI Aayog meeting. I expected the economy to be around $4 trillion, but when we ran the numbers—assuming the same growth rate, inflation, and dollar value—you'll be surprised to learn that Tamil Nadu is set to become a $5 trillion economy by 2047, the 100th year of independence,' Jeyaranjan said, adding that this was a reasonable projection. When asked about the HCL-Foxconn semiconductor joint venture setting up its wafers manufacturing plant in Uttar Pradesh, which was originally planned to be set up in Tamil Nadu, Jeyarajan said that the state was facing challenges in terms of allocating space for industries. However, he added that despite the constraints, companies are coming in a big way to Tamil Nadu. 'Whoever has already come here is staying here, and new companies are also coming here. For instance, Global Capability Centres were not there in the city and we made conscious efforts to bring them here, and today, we are second in terms of hiring spaces for work to establish GCCs. The size of export was hardly around a billion USD in 2021 and today it has crossed 15 billion USD,' Jeyaranjan said. Also read: Israeli film fest in Chennai postponed amid backlash for 'legitimising' Netanyahu govt's actions in Gaza How Tamil Nadu will become a $5 trillion economy After DMK came to power in 2021, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M.K. Stalin announced that he would make Tamil Nadu a trillion USD economy by 2030. When asked about Tamil Nadu's current progress toward the $1 trillion target, Jeyarajan said the state is on track to achieve it, though recent projections suggest it may be delayed by a year. Stating that Tamil Nadu is one of the fastest growing economies in the country, he said, 'One trillion USD economy is not a fancy number, but a consciously set target with respect to the growth of the state. In fact, our aim is to triple the state's GSDP,' Jeyarajan said. He also explained to ThePrint how Tamil Nadu will achieve the $1 trillion target by 2030 and $5 trillion by 2047. 'Unlike other states, the growth process in Tamil Nadu is not driven by current economic policies alone. The growth is conditioned and guided by the social change we have brought in the past 100 years or so. By democratising education, we have empowered people from various communities across various sections of the society. Once you start growing, you cannot derail it or stop it,' he said. Jeyaranjan said that the long-term efforts of the state government over the years have now started to pay 'dividends'. 'If you look at our Gross Enrolment Ratio, India stands at around 26-27 percent, while Tamil Nadu is at 50-51 percent. This is because the state has successfully extended education to all sections of society,' he said. He also explained that the state government's policies empowering women has paid off in the long run, which can be seen in college enrolment and employment numbers. 'The state government provides an incentive of Rs 1,000 per month to girls who studied in government schools and pursued higher education. As a result, girl enrollment increased by 30% last year. As a continuation, in Tamil Nadu Public Service Commission, the state has 30 percent reservation for women. Now the number of women getting into TNPSC is more,' Jeyaranjan said, adding that the number of women in TNPSC has surpassed 30 percent. The state government has also been implementing a slew of other schemes to empower women, including Rs 1,000 in monthly financial assistance and free bus travel for women. He also gave an example of how the government has allocated funds to administer HPV vaccines to all girl children. 'It will prevent so many cases of cervical cancer. You will reap the benefits only after 30 years. That is the kind of investments we make,' he said. Why Tamil Nadu lags compared to other southern states in IT Although Tamil Nadu is considered a major contributor to software exports, it still has fewer IT companies compared to Bengaluru in Karnataka and Hyderabad in Telangana. On the limited opportunities in the IT sector, despite establishing the state's first IT park in 1996, Jeyarajan said that Tamil Nadu has been facing certain challenges in attracting more IT companies. 'When the IT revolution came, during the first 5 years, we slept. When the first IT park was built in 1996, we had already lost 5 years. By that time, Bangalore was ahead and it already had the advantage of having Bharat Electronics and the Indian Institute of Science. Most of the founders of IT companies were from Bengaluru. Since it was a containment town, it had a cosmopolitan culture compared to us. Their lifestyle was different, but here we were more conservative,' he explained. When it comes to Hyderabad, he said that the amount of land available in the state's headquarters was a point of attraction for IT firms. Jeyaranjan also pointed to the lack of evening and night life in Chennai as one of the reasons for fewer IT companies in the state compared to other southern states. Nevertheless, he said that there are plans to improve the evening and night life in Chennai and policies to that effect will be announced soon. (Edited by Zinnia Ray Chaudhuri) Also read: PMK founder Ramadoss says son Anbumani 'held his feet & cried' for tie-up with BJP for 2024 LS polls
Deccan Herald
13-05-2025
- Politics
- Deccan Herald
Depopulation or degrowth?
There is now a perceptible change in the political discourse in India on its population growth. For decades, national policy focused on population control, with the two-child norm serving as the default template for implementation. Since the 1970s, politicians have largely avoided making statements on population policy during elections. However, in 2019, Prime Minister Narendra broke this convention. During his Independence Day speech, he warned that India's population explosion threatened both current and future development. He praised small households as 'role models' and described population control as an 'expression of patriotism and love for the nation'..In the early 1990s, for example, it was observed that the youngsters of marriageable age in Japan preferred not to marry but to cohabit and, when they did marry, not to have children. Today, Indian politicians across party lines are increasingly calling for a shift in the country's population policy. India is experiencing a steep decline in population growth, with the fertility rate dropping from five in the 1970s to two in 2023, according to the United Nations World Population Prospects 2024. This is now below the replacement level of March this year, Andhra Pradesh Chief Minister Chandrababu Naidu said at a workshop on 'Population Dynamics and Development' that India needed to shift from population control to 'population management'. While he remains a supporter of the two-child norm, he framed his views in terms of maintaining economic stability. Meanwhile, Tamil Nadu Chief Minister M K Stalin urged young couples to have more children. Stalin's appeal came in response to Tamil Nadu's diminishing representation in the Lok Sabha, which is based on population. Despite differing political contexts, both leaders underscored the same concern: that sustaining society and fuelling the economy would require larger, not smaller, order unlikely to impact domestic generic industry working on razor-thin profits.A growing global debate is unfolding around depopulation and its implications. Arguably, the current global population decline can be compared to the bubonic plague of the mid-14th century. But that decline was episodic; the current decline is happening at a time when humanity enjoys the maximum lifespan. 'What does a planet with fewer people mean for society? It's a position the modern world hasn't been in, so we would be crossing a demographic Rubicon,' writes Javed Franz, an American economist. He sees population decline as a negative impact on the economy: fewer people means less consumption, ultimately shrinking the economy. It also means fewer working people, reduced tax collection, and an ageing society requiring more government expenditure on supportive provisions. In India, similar concerns are being voiced. J Jayarajan, vice chairperson of the Tamil Nadu State Planning Commission, has warned that an ageing population could present an unprecedented challenge, placing significant financial strain on society. The McKinsey Global Institute, in its report Dependency and Depopulation, notes: 'Absent action, younger people will inherit lower economic growth and shoulder the cost of more retirees, while the traditional flow of wealth between generations erodes.'.On the other hand, some thinkers suggest that declining population trends might ultimately benefit the planet and its ecosystems. Anthropogenic global warming—the current warming trend driven primarily by human activities such as fossil fuel combustion, deforestation, and nitrogen-heavy agriculture—has significantly altered Earth's climate. The so-called Green Revolution, heavily reliant on synthetic fertilisers, has also contributed to global warming through the emission of nitrous oxide from urea this perspective, the rise in human population – unmatched by any other species in scale, speed, or predatory behaviour – has not been planet-friendly. Stephanie Feldstein, director of population and sustainability at the Centre for Biological Diversity, United States, writes in Scientific American: 'While many assume population decline would inevitably harm the economy, researchers found that lower fertility rates would not only result in lower emissions by 2055 but also a per capita income increase of 10%.' She further argues, 'Population decline is only a threat to an economy based on growth. Shifting to a model based on degrowth and equity alongside lower fertility rates will help fight climate change and increase wealth and well-being.'.The evolving discourse in India, the U-turn in India's population narrative, brings into focus this dilemma..(The writer is a former Professor, The Royal Society, Belgium)
