Latest news with #TheOneandtheMany:America'sStrugglefortheCommonGood
Chicago Tribune
07-03-2025
- General
- Chicago Tribune
Eboo Patel: University of Chicago religious scholar believed pluralism brings out our best
In 2002, I found out University of Chicago professor Martin Marty was speaking at a fundraising event in Chicago. I was a graduate student at the time, finishing up my doctoral thesis on religion and modernity, and I also was starting my organization Interfaith America, then called Interfaith Youth Core. Marty's scholarly writings had influenced me profoundly. He had detailed the ways that religious fundamentalism was more accurately understood as a response to modernity rather than an expression of core religious beliefs. Marty was a clear-eyed scholar of the violent elements of the human condition. But he was also highly attuned to the better angels of our nature. He consistently conveyed an optimistic spirit. Marty did not consider violent fundamentalism the only possibility for religion in the modern age. In books such as 'The One and the Many: America's Struggle for the Common Good,' he voiced his conviction that totalitarianism of all kinds could be avoided if we worked to build pluralism — respect for diverse identities, relationships between different communities and cooperation for the common good. Moreover, he believed America should be a leader in this endeavor. I was basing my fledgling nonprofit organization on Marty's inspiring ideas, and I wanted some time with the great scholar in person. So I spent $60 on a ticket to that fundraising event (pretty close to the last $60 I had!) and stationed myself outside the door of the banquet hall, hoping to ask Marty a question or two before his keynote address. When he approached, I nervously explained to him how I was attempting to build an organization based on his theories of the possibility of pluralism. 'I want to hear all about it,' he told me. 'Come for tea to my office.' That subsequent conversation with Marty changed the course of my organization and, in many ways, the course of my life. He said that he had long been inspired by people from different religions who disagreed on doctrine and still 'risked hospitality' with one another. At Interfaith America, we quickly made that idea a centerpiece, organizing interfaith service projects and encouraging young people to share how their faiths inspired them to practice, even 'risk,' hospitality across lines of difference. Marty invited me to see him on a regular basis. I would sit with him in his book-lined office at the John Hancock building, and he would tell me stories of everything from being a Protestant observer at the Second Vatican Council, to the Saturday night to Sunday noon Sabbath practice his family implemented when his kids were young. Marty would often say to me that he delighted in hosting interfaith conversations in his home. His practice of doing so was not to be less of a Lutheran Christian (his first career was actually as a Lutheran pastor), but rather to be overtly proud of his religious identity and encourage others to do the same. 'We are not going to take down the cross or put away the Bible when you come to dinner,' he said to me. 'Instead, I want to share with you how the cross and the Bible inspire me to be a better person, and I want you to share with me how the Quran and the example of the Prophet Muhammad inspire you to be a better person, Eboo.' I was shocked that a scholar so erudite was also so approachable, and also so committed to concrete impact in the real world rather than simply adding another tome to the library. I was not formally a student of Marty's, nor was I enrolled at the University of Chicago, and Marty was mostly helping me with my nonprofit organization, not a scholarly book. Marty represents everything that we need more of in America today. Religion should be a source of inspiration and a bridge of cooperation, not a barrier of division. Scholars and universities should be both learned and accessible. Scholars should serve the broader public, not lock themselves in the ivory tower, and they should never come across as disdainful of the general population. American history should be told in a way that reckons with the sins and flaws of the past, but still inspires people to build on the ideals of the founding and the progress that has been made toward achieving those ideals. America's diversity is a strength. We should engage that diversity by inviting people to proudly share their particular identities and build constructive relationships across differences. Civility is everything. The quality of how we talk to each other, especially across lines of difference, is the foundation of our society. One last story. Interfaith America was considering creating a curriculum on faith heroes. I liked the idea but was a bit afraid that elevating remarkable people such as Mahatma Gandhi from Hinduism, the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. from Protestant Christianity and Dorothy Day from Catholicism could come across as more intimidating than inspiring. I consulted Marty on this. He encouraged me to go ahead and develop the curriculum. He said faith heroes were archetypal figures, and we should take every chance to highlight their exemplary characteristics. An archetype, Marty told me, was like a clearing in the woods. It is the place where the light falls. Marty shed so much light on so many subjects. That is why the one and only Faith Hero award Interfaith America ever gave was to him.
New York Times
02-03-2025
- General
- New York Times
Martin E. Marty, Influential Religious Historian, Dies at 97
Martin E. Marty, a pre-eminent religious historian, prolific author, dependable exponent of mainstream Protestantism and staunch champion of pluralism, died on Tuesday in Minneapolis. He was 97. His death at a retirement home, where he had lived since 2022, was confirmed by his son Peter. In more than 60 books, thousands of articles and as what he described as a 'peregrinating lecturer,' Dr. Marty promoted what he called public theology, or the confluence of fundamental cultural and religious conventions for the common good. He had 'a knack for translating complex ideas into graspable takeaways for diverse audiences,' Peter Marty wrote in an online tribute. Time magazine said he was 'generally acknowledged to be the most influential living interpreter of religion in the U.S.' He disdained extremism and fundamentalism, both by Islamist terrorists and right-wing Protestants. And he warned, in 'The One and the Many: America's Struggle for the Common Good' (1997), that the culture wars had undermined the ideals of e pluribus unum and challenged Americans' shared heritage. The nation had fractured, he wrote, between 'totalists,' who felt left behind and belittled, and 'tribalists,' whose individual pride in race, religion, ethnicity and gender circumscribed their vision of the American mosaic. The threat of such division to the American experiment was a theme he returned to frequently. 'Nothing is more important than to keep the richness of our pluralism alive,' Dr. Marty once wrote. 'To be aware of many different people and different ways, and deal with it.' In a review of Dr. Marty's 1991 book, 'Modern American Religion, Volume Two,' the Stanford historian David M. Kennedy wrote that 'For all the raucous contention he chronicles, Mr. Marty remains an optimist. It is, he concludes in an eloquent peroration, with a nod to James Madison, precisely the plurality of religious voices that has insured the integrity of the social fabric by preventing the lasting dominance of any single group.' Despite its historical ebb and flow, Dr. Marty insisted that mainstream Protestantism exerted profound influence over American public policy, particularly in the 19th century, though he predicted that no single denomination would ever exert the same degree of dominance again. 'Their winning — at least through their pioneering adventures on fronts dealing with civil rights, internationalism, ecumenism, many issues of sexuality and gender, friendliness to once-warred-against science, and much more — never meant complete victory,' he wrote in The Christian Century magazine in 2013. 'But it did mean,' he added, 'that through the years, at least, significant leaders risked much to express their faith beyond church walls, in the larger culture.' Dr. Marty was one of those leaders. He marched for civil rights in Selma, Ala., with the Rev. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr., attended the Second Vatican Council as a Protestant observer, and helped found the antiwar organization Clergy and Laymen Concerned About Vietnam. He was president of the American Academy of Religion and the American Society of Church history, His scholarly achievements were legion. With a former student, R. Scott Appleby, he directed the six-year Fundamentalism Project of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences beginning in 1988, which explored conservative religious movements. 'Only an intellectual giant with Marty's combination of multidisciplinary fluency and vast erudition could have foreseen the inbreaking of wave upon wave of modern anti-pluralist, anti-modernist assaults upon the liberal worldviews and institutions from the 'benighted' margins of Western and westernized societies,' Professor Appleby, who teaches global affairs at the University of Notre Dame, said in a statement after Dr. Marty's death. 'Marty stayed true to his instincts to come 'not to condemn, not to praise, but to understand,'' Professor Appleby added. In 1972 Dr. Marty won a National Book Award for 'Righteous Empire: The Protestant Experience in America' (1971). Among his other books were 'A Short History of Christianity' (1959), 'A Cry of Absence' (1983), 'Pilgrims in Their Own Land: Five Hundred Years of Religion in America' (1984), and 'A Short History of American Catholicism' (1995). 'His published output was not only breathtaking but unparalleled among religious historians of any field,' Grant Wacker, an emeritus professor of Christian history at Duke University and a biographer of the Rev. Billy Graham, said in an email. 'His wit was legendary. And his heart overflowed with simple human kindness.' Writing for a Divinity School bulletin in 2018, Professor Wacker quoted an example: 'One of the real problems in modern life is that people who are good at being civil lack strong convictions and people who have strong convictions lack civility.' Martin Emil Marty was born on Feb. 5, 1928, in West Point, Neb. His father, Emil, was a parochial school teacher and organist at Lutheran churches in Nebraska and Iowa. His mother was Anne Louise (Wuerdemann) Marty. A graduate of a Lutheran preparatory school, he attended Concordia College, Washington University and Concordia Seminary, where he earned a bachelor's in divinity in 1949 and a master's in 1952. He received a Master of Sacred Theology degree from the Lutheran School of Theology at Chicago in 1954 and a doctorate from the University of Chicago in 1956. As an ordained minister in the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, he served as a pastor in Washington, D.C., Maryland and Chicago's suburbs. In 1963, he was hired as an associate professor of religious history at the University of Chicago Divinity School, where he taught until 1998. In 1952 he married Elsa L. Schumacher; she died in 1981. In 1982, he married Harriet J. Meyer, a voice coach and the widow of a seminary classmate. In addition to his wife and his son Peter, the publisher of The Christian Century magazine, he is survived by three other sons from his first marriage, Joel, Micah and John, who is a Minnesota state senator; a foster daughter, Fran Garcia Carlson; a foster son, Jeff Garcia; a stepdaughter, Ursula Meyer; nine grandchildren and 18 great-grandchildren. When he retired as a professor on his 79th birthday, the Divinity School honored him by naming the research center he founded in 1979 as the Martin Marty Center for the Public Understanding of Religion. Asked by the University of Chicago Magazine in 1998 how he'd like to be remembered, he said: 'That I was a good teacher. In the Mount Rushmore of American religious history and virtue, Professor Wacker once said fulsomely, Dr. Marty 'might well rank as the fourth member,' after Dr. King, Billy Graham and Jonathan Edwards, the 18th-century Congregationalist theologian. 'For Marty, the only real swear word was tribalism — watching out for my interest, my family, my town, my country, my tribe — at the expense of others,' Professor Wacker said in an email. 'Everyone, and he meant everyone, deserved a seat at the table of public discussion as long as they were willing to play by the rules of civility and reasoned examination of the evidence.'
