Latest news with #U.S.CustomsandBorderProtectionAgency
Business Insider
19 hours ago
- Business
- Business Insider
Gold Gushing to $4,000 an Ounce as Trump Slaps Tariffs on Bullion Bars
The gold price could be on the march to $4,000 an ounce after reports that the U.S. is imposing tariffs on bullion bars. Elevate Your Investing Strategy: Take advantage of TipRanks Premium at 50% off! Unlock powerful investing tools, advanced data, and expert analyst insights to help you invest with confidence. Import Levies The spot gold price climbed 0.4% to $3,401 an ounce and gold futures raced to fresh highs above $3,500 after reports that 1kg and 100-ounce gold bars would be subject to import levies by the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency. The move threatens to disrupt global trade flows from Switzerland and other key trading and refining hubs including London and Hong Kong. Switzerland's gold exports have become a flashpoint in its trade negotiations with the U.S., after a surge in shipments earlier this year caused the U.S.'s trade deficit with the country to spike. Bullion traders had expected gold bars to be exempt from Trump's tariff tirade, including the 39% rate imposed on Switzerland. 'Gold is moved back and forth between central banks and reserves around the world,' said Robert Gottlieb, a former precious metals trader and managing director at JPMorgan Chase, referring to the bars. 'We never ever thought that it would be hit by a tariff.' Safe Haven AJ Bell head of financial analysis Danni Hewson added: 'Sustained by factors like its safe haven credentials and a weakening dollar in 2025 – this latest development will have gold bugs eyeing the $4,000 level.' The gold price has already been on quite the tear this year because of global trade and economic uncertainty. It has surged over 28% as can be seen below. Markets are now increasingly pricing in the chance of a cut next month following weak economic data including a slowdown in the U.S. services sector in July and job numbers. Indeed, there is a 95% chance of a rate cut in September, according to CME's (CME) FedWatch tool. Lower interest rates are good news for gold as they make holding non-yielding assets more attractive. What are the Best Gold ETFs to Buy Now? We have rounded up the best Gold ETFs to buy now using our TipRanks comparison tool.
Toronto Sun
12-06-2025
- Toronto Sun
Canadian apprehended at U.S. border while driving stolen vehicle: Officials
A Porsche Cayenne SUV seized at the Port of Champlain border crossing in New York on Wednesday, June 11, 2025. Photo by U.S. Customs and Border Protection A 39-year-old was arrested at the border and charged after trying to enter the United States in an allegedly stolen vehicle. This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. THIS CONTENT IS RESERVED FOR SUBSCRIBERS ONLY Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada. Unlimited online access to articles from across Canada with one account. Get exclusive access to the Toronto Sun ePaper, an electronic replica of the print edition that you can share, download and comment on. Enjoy insights and behind-the-scenes analysis from our award-winning journalists. Support local journalists and the next generation of journalists. Daily puzzles including the New York Times Crossword. SUBSCRIBE TO UNLOCK MORE ARTICLES Subscribe now to read the latest news in your city and across Canada. Unlimited online access to articles from across Canada with one account. Get exclusive access to the Toronto Sun ePaper, an electronic replica of the print edition that you can share, download and comment on. Enjoy insights and behind-the-scenes analysis from our award-winning journalists. Support local journalists and the next generation of journalists. Daily puzzles including the New York Times Crossword. REGISTER / SIGN IN TO UNLOCK MORE ARTICLES Create an account or sign in to continue with your reading experience. Access articles from across Canada with one account. Share your thoughts and join the conversation in the comments. Enjoy additional articles per month. Get email updates from your favourite authors. THIS ARTICLE IS FREE TO READ REGISTER TO UNLOCK. Create an account or sign in to continue with your reading experience. Access articles from across Canada with one account Share your thoughts and join the conversation in the comments Enjoy additional articles per month Get email updates from your favourite authors Don't have an account? Create Account The U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency claim in a news release that officers at the Port of Champlain crossing in New York, just a few kilometres from the notorious Roxham Rd. crossing that connects with Quebec, made the discovery after screening a Canadian Wednesday at the border. The agency said officers were questioning the driver of a 2023 Porsche Cayenne SUV that was headed to Plattsburg, N.Y., but 'inconsistencies in the driver's story resulted in a referral for a secondary inspection and additional screening.' The CBP said they discovered during the inspection that the vehicle was reported to be stolen in Canada earlier in the day, which they confirmed with Canadian law enforcement officials. This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. Dileen Raad Sadullah was charged with possession of a stolen vehicle and both he and the vehicle were handed over to the RCMP and Canada Border Services Agency. The CBP did not specify where the vehicle was stolen from or where the accused lives. 'I am proud of our CBP officers who continue to utilize their skills and experience to identify illegal activity at the border,' said Champlain Port Director Steve Bronson. 'Working in conjunction with our Canadian law enforcement partners, we continue to keep our communities safe and hold those who break the law accountable.' Read More Toronto & GTA Toronto Blue Jays Toronto & GTA Canada World
Jordan News
05-05-2025
- Jordan News
How to Secure Your Phone Data Before Traveling Abroad - Jordan News
As the summer travel season approaches, some travelers heading to the United States are increasingly concerned about the possibility of their phones and other electronic devices being searched by border protection officials. This concern has led some to adopt precautionary measures, including using a "temporary phone" while traveling. اضافة اعلان According to a report published by The New York Times, U.S. federal authorities have had the authority to search travelers' personal electronic devices at the border for over a decade, and these searches have noticeably increased in recent years. Just last year, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency reported conducting nearly 43,000 electronic device searches, compared to about 38,000 in 2023. Hilton Beckham, Deputy Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection, explained in a statement that these searches are relatively rare, affecting less than 0.01% of travelers, and are conducted to investigate content related to smuggling, terrorism, and information related to visitor admissions. However, recent incidents have shown that phone data, such as photos of weapons or social media posts, may be grounds for some travelers being denied entry into the United States. In this context, Esha Bhandari, an attorney with the American Civil Liberties Union, expressed concern about certain groups of travelers being targeted for stricter searches, including lawyers and journalists who work to protect their sources. The report offers a set of tips for travelers to reduce the risks of their data being searched, starting with assessing the level of personal risk. If a traveler carries sensitive data or has a background that might raise suspicion, more serious precautions are advised. Tips for Travelers: Low Risk: Use a strong passcode for your phone, disable biometric measures, and delete apps that contain sensitive information, such as encrypted messaging apps and social media apps that may have controversial content. Medium Risk: Make a full backup of your phone's data, wipe the device before traveling, and restore the data after crossing the border. High Risk: Consider using a "temporary phone" — a cheap device that only carries the essential apps for the trip, along with a temporary email account for travel-related information. Some travelers, such as the journalist who wrote the report, resort to this last option to protect their sensitive data and confidential sources from any potential exposure by border officials. This may involve carrying a simple Android phone and activating a temporary eSIM upon arrival at the destination. The report emphasizes that there is no one-size-fits-all solution, and the best approach depends on the traveler's specific circumstances and the type of data they are carrying on their devices. However, caution and awareness of the potential risks remain crucial for all travelers to the United States.
Yahoo
16-03-2025
- Business
- Yahoo
Trump claims tariffs will make the U.S. ‘rich again.' But 5 undisputed facts about how they work throw cold water on that notion
Boarding Air Force One on March 12, President Donald Trump quipped, 'We're going to raise hundreds of billions in tariffs; we're going to become so rich we're not going to know where to spend that money.' Despite hand-wringing from CEOs, the stock market tanking, and widespread condemnation from our trading partners, the President is forging ahead with his trade war. In doing so, he's counting on big windfalls from these import taxes, along with the savings he boasts will flow from Elon Musk's DOGE campaign, to fulfill his promise of sharply reducing America's yawning fiscal deficits. But in examining five facts about how tariffs actually work, it's clear that they will have a huge effect on the economy—just not the one the President is projecting. Trump has always insisted that other nations or foreign companies will pay the full cost of the tariffs that the U.S. collects on imports. During campaign stops in September, he stated, 'It's not a tax on the middle class. It's a tax on another country,' and 'It's not going to cost you, it' going to be a cost to another country.' As a first step, it's important to understand who actually makes the payment. When a Chinese or Canadian exporter ships components or finished goods to one of the 328 US ports of entry, the U.S. importer purchasing the goods—not the exporter or another nation—pays the tariff, also called an 'import tax,' to the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency. The tariff is assessed as a fixed percentage of the price the exporter's charges pre-tariff. That charge gets added to the price the U.S. importer pays. The real cost of the tariff, however, can fall in part or whole on three parties. If the U.S. just increased tariffs on auto parts by 10%, the overseas producer could reduce its price by a like amount to maintain its sales to Ford or GM. Or, if the exporter tacks the 10% duty onto its selling price, the automakers could absorb the extra expense; they'd keep their car prices the same, and accept lower margins. In theory, if between them, the foreign exporter and the U.S. importer swallow the tariff, the cost won't fall on the U.S. consumer. On the other hand, a U.S. importer shouldering the charge would be making a lot less money, and gain less earnings for building new plants and expanding its workforce. But that's not how it works in practice, according to studies of the real-world impact of past tariff increases. In a paper on the Trump tariff regime of 2018 and 2019 published in the Quarterly Journal of Economics, the four economist-authors analyzed the effect of the increase in tariffs during Trump's first term from an average of 3.7% to 26.8% on almost 18,000 products including many types of steel, aluminum, and appliances, and covering $421 billion or over 18% of all U.S. imports. Their review found that for steel, exporters actually dropped their prices to U.S. importers—a group that would encompass builders, wholesalers, canners, and other customers, fully offsetting the tariffs—thereby ducking a big blow to their U.S. sales. But that was an outlier. Overall, prices for the targeted goods rose 21.9% on average between the time the tariffs struck in 2018 and the close of 2019. The study found that, steel aside, 'U.S. consumers have borne the entire incidence of U.S. tariffs.' Americans at the auto lots and supermarkets shouldered what's known as a "one hundred percent pass-through" of the tariff tax. A second analysis of the first Trump wave from the National Bureau of Economic Research, 'Who's Paying for the Tariffs?' (2020), reached a similar conclusion, noting: 'We have found that in most sectors, tariffs have been completely passed on to U.S. firms and consumers.' The article doesn't posit how much goes to consumer prices versus lower margins, but finds the U.S., not foreign companies, felt the full force of Trump's first round to import taxes. President Trump often trumpets that 'tariffs are going to be the greatest thing we've ever done for our country.' But the experience from his first term doesn't confirm this confidence, according to 'The Return of Protectionism,' as updated in January 2020. The paper details that tariff increases do indeed create winners and losers, but on balance, they hurt the economy more than they help. The authors estimate that domestic producers gained $24 billion in sales per year in 2018 and 2019, as tariffs raised prices for competing imports, making U.S.-produced goods more attractive to consumers and businesses. The duties also generated $65 billion in annual tax revenue. Downside: The tariffs raised prices to U.S. customers by $114 billion each year. Hence, according to the reckoning in the Journal of Economics, the U.S. economy suffered a net loss from the first big experiment of $25 billion (the $114 billion extra spent by consumers less the $89 billion from taxes and increased revenues by U.S. companies). Domestic producers, the study estimates, would have benefited much more if they hadn't lost $8 billion of their own export sales due to retaliation from abroad. All told, the authors estimate that tariffs shaved 0.13% from annual GDP in 2018 and 2019. Upshot: Sans tariffs, our output would have averaged 4.9% over the two-year span instead of the 4.75% the U.S. achieved. Keep in mind that a tariff increase that's a fraction of what Trump's envisioning drove this meaningful zap to GDP. The most in-depth, historical analysis on the topic, an IMF working paper from 2019, appeared too early to assess the duties imposed in Trump's first term. But they were a harbinger for what happened then—and what's ahead. The four authors studied the impact of tariff increases from 1963 to 2014 across 151 nations. Their finding: a rise of 3.5% in import duties shaved 0.4% from annual GDP growth after five years, and led to a 1.5% increase in unemployment. And the authors didn't calculate the extra pounding from our producers' loss of exports triggered by retaliation. A White House fact sheet from February 14 states that the major goal of Trump's 'Fair and Reciprocal Plan' for widespread tariffs is to 'reduce our large and persistent annual trade deficit.' Trump talks constantly about how the import duties will narrow the lopsided exchange of goods between the U.S. and our foreign cohorts, rhetorically multiplying the size of the ravines to bolster his case. But the President's offensive won't work, because it collides with a basic law of economics. The annual trade deficit by definition must match the difference between all U.S. savings and all U.S. investment. For many years, American taxpayers and businesses, all in, haven't been saving nearly enough to fund the huge demand for our stocks and privately issued bonds, new factories and data centers, housing project and stakes in PE funds, and sundry other profit-spinning ventures. The reason: gigantic budget deficits expected to reach a staggering $1.9 trillion this year at the federal level. Uncle Sam is paying high rates to hoover up a huge share of America's savings that would otherwise flow into private investments. The U.S. shortage of savings to investment last year hit $971 billion, and it precisely equals the trade deficit in goods of $1.2 trillion, less our services surplus of roughly $300 billion. That savings less investment and the trade deficit must match is called an 'identity' in economic jargon. (Services usually aren't subject to tariffs, so it's the duties on goods that are will reshape the economy moving ahead.) Why must the numbers equal out? Because foreign nations amassed net proceeds of $971 billion selling stuff to the U.S. in 2024. All that money is denominated in dollars, and those dollars are only good Stateside. Hence, foreigners send all that cash back across our borders to fund all the investments we can't cover, mainly because such a big chunk of our savings go to funding the ravenous budget deficit. Foreigners are willing to keep accumulating all those greenbacks because they richly prosper investing in the nation that's generating the world's highest returns. As a result, says economist Steve Hanke of Johns Hopkins, 'The U.S. has been able to finance the difference between our low savings, driven by the budget deficit, and big investments because of our vibrancy, with relative ease.' The big inflows from abroad are a boon to America, he says, because they allow our citizens to spend a lot more than if we had to balance our own federal budget, and at the same time pour money into new factories, fabs, and transforming old-line family outfits into models of modern efficiency. 'We have the reserve currency and biggest and best capital markets,' says Hanke. 'If you can finance deficits with money from abroad, they can be a wonderful thing. They're allowing America to consume much more than we produce.' Hanke adds that Trump has gotten the trade issue topsy-turvy. 'Trump can moan all he wants about foreigners causing our trade deficits,' says Hanke. 'But they're not caused by foreigners engaging in unfair practices. They're homemade. Any country posting a savings-investment deficiency will post a trade deficit the same size.' The upshot: Tariffs could lower imports, but unless the U.S. either saves a lot more or invests far less, the trade balance won't change. In fact, the big legacy from the original Trump tariffs is just that: Exports to China dropped sharply, and overall export expansion lagged the rise in imports. But the trade deficit (including services) expanded 63% since 2019. The independent, nonpartisan Tax Foundation estimates that tariffs, if enacted as currently planned, would raise around $300 billion in 2026. That's big money, equivalent to about one-eighth of what the US collected in personal income taxes last year. The question is whether the downdraft on GDP would flatten or lower folks' incomes to the point where less cash would flow to the Treasury in total than if U.S. didn't resort to tariffs. Most likely, they're a false panacea for our fiscal profligacy. For example, the Tax Foundation predicts that the Trump tariffs would shave around $2 trillion from where annual GDP would be without them by around the late 2020s. That drag on growth could easily reduce the growth in tax receipts by more than the tariffs would collect. Besides, tariffs are widely regarded as a poor tool for raising revenue. 'They don't raise much money unless they're really high,' says Rose. 'And when they're really high, that just encourages smuggling. Tariffs are a really inefficient means of taxation. In the past 70 years, the world has turned to income and VATs to fund their budgets. No large country uses tariffs.' Trump's view that America is getting unjustly skewered by nations that hobble our imports while profiting richly from America's wide-open markets doesn't align with the data. Of course, all of our trading partners impose some especially high charges or technical barriers to protect their favorite products. Canada, for example, deploys a 'supply management' system to keep dairy prices high within its borders, a system that puts an effective limit on U.S. imports. But the U.S. harbors its own market-closing practices as well, including a quota system for sugar imports and barriers shielding many dairy products, including powdered milk. But in general, of our major counterparts mainly embrace free trade just as ardently as we do—or as we used to. For example, pre-Trump and retaliation, the EU put an average charge of 1% on US imports, exactly the same toll we imposed on its exports. Last year, the bloc collected just $3 billion in tariffs on U.S.-made goods, less than half what we charged the EU. Canada and Mexico both exact somewhat higher tariffs on the US than the other way around. The average rate on US goods entering Canada is 3.1%, compared to 2.0% for their products flowing south across our borders. We pay 5.2% to sell stuff in Mexico, 1.8 points more than we our take on goods crossing the Rio Grande. Closing these differences would greatly benefit our exporters. But they're far too slight to justify a trade war—especially since the backlash from both nations could prove a killer for our producers whose fortunes rely heavily on sending the likes of heavy machinery, chemicals, and plastics to those countries. Even China exacted just 2.7% on average pre-trade war, while the U.S. since the Trump bumps in 2018 and 2019 was squeezing 10% on imports from its giant rival, a toll he just doubled. Look at what Trump's announced, and assume he does all of it. Trump's planning 25% across-the-board tariffs on Canada, Mexico, and the EU, except for a 10% charge on Canadian energy imports. He's already doubled the rate on China to 20%. The charge on autos, steel, aluminum, and autos from around the globe, set at the familiar 25%, is already in place, and Trump promises the same rate on all cars, semiconductors, and pharmaceuticals. Lumber, copper, and ag products are also in his sights. This immense list covers an astounding $2.1 trillion in imports or around half the 2024 total of $4.1 trillion. Today, the average tariff charged across all U.S. imports is 2.5%, about double the number before Trump imposed his first round in 2018 and the Biden administration kept most of those levies in place. Now the Tax Foundation estimates that on what's already been announced, the norm will rise by over 11 points to 13.8%. The long-term cost, it forecasts, will be immense, amounting to a 0.55% reduction in annual GDP, about a one-eighth reduction in what the CBO views as our probable rate of expansion in the years ahead. Someone may get rich from this trade war, but it's not going to be America. This story was originally featured on
Yahoo
28-02-2025
- Business
- Yahoo
‘Everyone's in crisis mode': How Canadian companies are rushing to prepare for day one of Trump's tariffs
For the past month, customs broker Steve Bozicevic has been receiving constant inquiries from Canadian companies asking about harmonized tariff schedule (HTS) codes, ten-digit figures that identify goods crossing into the United States and determine duties on imports. 'I wake up every morning and get about ten emails asking which HTS code to use. I used to never get these,' the chief executive of Toronto-based A&A Customs Brokers said. For decades, most Canadian businesses have enjoyed duty-free shipping into the U.S. due to North America's free-trade agreements. But with U.S. tariffs set to come into effect on Tuesday, companies have been working around-the-clock with consultants and customs brokers to figure out everything from how to classify goods and minimize duties to who should pay export levies and how to settle them. 'When the truck arrives on March 4, the U.S. won't let it cross unless it knows who's going to be paying duties and taxes,' Bozicevic said. 'And right now, you have all of these shippers — they don't have accounts with the U.S. Customs and Border Protection Agency (CBP). They don't know how to settle. Everyone's in crisis mode.' Canadian businesses from coast to coast will wake up to a new reality on Tuesday if the U.S. moves ahead with Donald Trump's plan to impose 25 per cent tariffs on all Canadian goods and 10 per cent on energy. 'There is no good-based sector that is insulated from the threat of tariffs,' said Wendy Wagner, partner at Gowling WLG who leads the law firm's international trade and customs practice. There is no good-based sector that is insulated from the threat of tariffs Wendy Wagner 'Things like HTS codes weren't as important before. Now, every little detail matters,' added Tyler Gompf, co-founder and partner of Manitoba-based Global Drain Technologies, which supplies specialty drain products for primarily U.S.-based clients. In recent weeks, the business owner opened an account with the U.S. customs agency and designated his company as the importer who will pay duties 'so that payment happens immediately on March 4 when the product ships across the border,' he said. Bozicevic said that a business that sells rubber floor mats used to declare its goods as articles made of rubber, but if tariffs come into effect, that company may identify it as a rubber floor mat, or a finished product ready for consumption. 'Even though it kind of means the same thing, it may have a different duty rate,' Bozicevic said. The U.S. tariffs due to come into effect Tuesday may only be the start. Trump has also said he will also impose global tariffs of 25 per cent on steel and aluminum imports on March 12 and reciprocal tariffs on all countries with which it has a trade imbalance. Canada, meanwhile, has indicated it will meet U.S. levies with retaliatory 25 per cent tariffs of its own on $155 billion of U.S. imports, which Ottawa said it will apply in two phases. The first package would target food items, appliances and apparel, alongside pulp and paper. The second would come into effect three weeks later and include vehicles, aerospace products, steel and aluminum, fruit and meat products. If those levies come into effect, it will increase costs for companies on both sides of the border, Wagner said. Things like HTS codes weren't as important before. Now, every little detail matters Tyler Gompf Alongside the scramble to manage logistical changes on day one, the threat of a tariff war is also forcing businesses to explore new strategies and workarounds. Among the contingency plans? 'Permanent and temporary solutions around how to have a physical presence in the U.S.,' said Mackenzie West, the director of market development at customs broker GHY International. West said a lot more companies are exploring the option of opening up in the U.S. to manage or eliminate cross border flows. Toronto-headquartered Kala Therapy, which makes and sells medical-grade red-light therapy products from face masks to skincare wands, has shifted more inventory to the U.S. to minimize fulfillment disruptions and to prevent sudden cost jumps, said CEO and co-founder Cam Stajer. Kala currently fulfills U.S. orders from its Canadian warehouse. Its direct-to-consumer business makes up the bulk of its sales, with the U.S. accounting for a 'significant portion' alongside Canada and the U.K., Stajer said. Stajer has also sought out new production and shipment hubs beyond China and North America to try to bypass tariffs, and increased orders and renegotiated costs from suppliers to keep its business humming. Other companies are looking to exploit existing loopholes, such as a U.S. trade rule known as 'first-sale for export.' It allows importers to lower U.S. tariffs by basing the value of their items on the first or earliest sale in a string of transactions, such as the initial sale between the manufacturer and the middleman. 'It's a complicated program that was leveraged in textiles, but we're seeing more appetite to learn and deploy it,' West said, though he warned it was not something that could be implemented overnight. 'Businesses have to be very detailed and compliant to even begin thinking about establishing a program like that. But at this point, exporters are looking under every rock to explore all of the available options they have.' Shifting sourcing and manufacturing to the U.S. is another longer-term strategy that hinges on factors such as certifications, lead times and cost considerations, said Don Thompson, the founder and CEO of Beacon Commerce, which helps Canadian businesses sell on Amazon both in the U.S. and Canada. He estimates that 25 per cent of his clients, particularly those in the grocery and natural health sector, are exploring sourcing in the U.S. and searching for U.S. facilities that can produce their goods stateside. One of his clients, a major producer of household essentials, had planned to open a new factory in Florida in 2026, but bumped up its launch to 2025 due to the tariff threat. In the gut of every Canadian exporter … is a pit at the bottom of their stomach on whether this will creep up again Mackenzie West Many other companies are in wait-and-see mode when it comes to the U.S. Beck's Broth, a Guelph-based business that makes high-protein bone broth drinks, delayed its U.S. launch by several months due to the tariff threat, said the company's COO and co-founder Domenique Mastronardi. 'We would have loved to launch in the U.S. already. We planned for the start of 2025. But we've been forced to pump the brakes, take a step back and re-evaluate our timelines,' she said. The company is now aiming to launch in the U.S. in the second-quarter of this year. It will move its goods to U.S. warehouses and absorb the costs of any potential tariffs so the 'burden doesn't fall on the customer,' Mastronardi said. New Brunswick coffee company Saltwinds entered the U.S. market last year through selling on Amazon. But it is now investing all of its ad dollars, inventory and attention on the Canadian market, said Laura Richard, its co-founder and COO. American retailers have been reluctant to talk and aren't necessarily looking to stock Canadian brands given the current trade and political climate, Richard said. The tariff threat, the loss of the U.S. market and rising coffee prices could have been 'disastrous' she said. 'But Canadians have stepped up to the plate and shown us how big the market here can still be for us,' she said. Likewise, Beacon Commerce's Thompson said that about half of his clients are 'betting on the horse we know' and investing in Canada rather than the U.S. until the dust settles. Even if Trump's tariffs fail to materialize, the threat alone means companies may continue to explore contingency plans well into the future. 'In the gut of every Canadian exporter … is a pit at the bottom of their stomach on whether this will creep up again,' West said. As Kristen Hopewell, the Canada research chair and director of the Liu Institute for Global Issues at the University of British Columbia (UBC) who specializes in Canada-U.S. relations and international trade, put it, North America's integrated market is 'clearly in jeopardy. Questions remain on how tariffs will apply to energy Canadian business leaders have lost confidence in the U.S. 'Businesses need predictable and stable trading relationships to operate effectively,' she said. 'And that's exactly what Trump has thrown into disarray.' • Email: ylau@
