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Epoch Times
19-05-2025
- Health
- Epoch Times
Prediabetes in Teens Can Triple Risk of Premature Heart Damage: Study
Doctors know that heart disease is one of the possible complications of diabetes, but for the first time, research has examined the earliest connection between blood sugar and the heart. It found that persistently high blood sugar levels during the growth period between adolescence and young adulthood can triple the risk of structural and functional heart damage. Girls were affected at five times the rate of boys. The findings indicate that lifestyle and dietary factors are critically important in managing blood sugar levels during this time. How High Blood Sugar Harms the Heart In the Results showed that 6.2 percent of the adolescents at age 17 had fasting blood glucose at or above 5.6 mmol/L, which rose to 26.9 percent by age 24. Approximately 1 percent of the adolescents had fasting blood sugar at or above 6.1 mmol/L at age 17, but the prevalence rose to 5.6 percent by age 24. For both cutoff points, the difference between ages 17 and 24 represented a five-fold increase. The research team also assessed changes in heart size by evaluating left ventricular enlargement using echocardiography, an imaging test that assesses heart structure and function. The left ventricle is the heart chamber that receives oxygenated blood from the lungs via the left atrium and pumps it to the rest of the body through the aorta. Left ventricular hypertrophy refers to thickening of the left ventricular wall, which can result in cardiac disease such as heart failure or abnormal heartbeats (arrhythmias). Prevalence of left ventricle enlargement rose from 2.4 percent at age 17 to 7.1 percent at age 24. Heart dysfunction prevalence increased from 9.2 percent in adolescence to 15.8 percent in young adulthood. High blood glucose was also associated with decreased heart muscle relaxation, altered heart function, and increased pressure in the blood flow returning to the heart. The measurements at ages 17 and 24 showed that fasting blood sugar at or above 5.6 mmol/L was linked to a 46 percent increase in left ventricular enlargement. Additionally, persistent insulin resistance was linked to a 10 percent rise in the likelihood of premature and worsening heart damage. Insulin resistance occurs when cells no longer respond to insulin, leading to elevated blood sugar. Interestingly, the researchers observed a very significant difference between the sexes. The increased blood glucose levels damaged female hearts five times faster than male hearts. Therefore, the authors recommended that special attention be paid to girls in terms of prevention. The team's earlier research suggests that late adolescence is a key period in the development of heart and metabolic disease, said Dr. Andrew Agbaje, a physician and associate professor of clinical epidemiology and child health at the University of Eastern Finland, in a Related Stories 3/8/2024 1/20/2023 'The current findings further confirm that even healthy-looking adolescents and young adults who are mostly normal weight may be on a path towards cardiovascular diseases, if they have high blood glucose and insulin resistance.' Sex Differences in Heart Risk The metabolic system of girls is different from that of boys, Agbaje told The Epoch Times. Muscle plays a major role in blood sugar metabolism, and boys have more muscle mass than girls. Additionally, excess fat mass underlies two-thirds of the relationship between insulin resistance and heart damage, and girls have more fat mass than boys, he said. 'It is physiologic that uncontrolled sugar levels in girls have a more rapidly developing adverse effect on the heart in comparison to boys. Studies among adults have shown that diabetes affects the heart worse in women than men.' Sugar and Heart Enlargement 'High blood glucose implies that the sugar does not reach the cells that need it for fuel and energy, which is likely due to insufficient insulin,' said Agbaje. Abnormally high blood sugar can become toxic to vital organs, including the eyes, kidneys, nerves, and heart. Heart enlargement could occur when high blood sugar pulls more water into the blood vessels by osmosis and subsequently into the heart, he said. When this happens, the heart is forced to overwork to pump more blood volume. This overworking of the heart enlarges the heart chambers and muscle wall, which makes it function less effectively. If excess blood sugar is not reduced to a normal level early, the heart may continue to enlarge and eventually fail and stop working due to long-term stress over several decades. Because the study focused on a young population, heart failure and heart attacks are rarely diagnosed at this stage, Agbaje said. 'However, left ventricle enlargement is a marker of early heart damage that has been clinically proven to predict heart diseases and death. It can lead to heart attacks, heart failure, stroke, kidney and liver failure, and premature death.' Lifestyle Changes to Prevent Prediabetes Adolescents are at risk for prediabetes and diabetes due in large part to their lifestyles, making these modifiable risk factors that can be reversed, Dr. Raeeda Gheewala, a board-certified physician in internal medicine, told The Epoch Times. Gheewala urges routine screenings of blood sugar for early detection of prediabetes. 'This can result in prompt lifestyle interventions before a teen's health deteriorates to full-blown diabetes.' Increase Exercise and Decrease Screen Time Regular physical activity plays a crucial role in lowering the risk of prediabetes, said Gheewala. 'Teens should get at least 30 minutes of moderate-intensity exercise (increasing heart rate above 100 beats per minute) on five days a week. This can be accomplished by limiting screen time, prioritizing 8 to 10 hours of sleep, and encouraging outdoor play.' Screen time refers to time spent watching TV and playing nonactive video games on a computer or smartphone. Limiting screen time is necessary, as such activities are popular in this age group and are associated with sedentary behavior. A The authors observed that decreased screen time reduced exposure to unhealthy food advertising and decreased snacking on junk food. Eat a Healthy Diet 'Increasing plant-based nutrition into a teen's daily intake can reduce the likelihood of developing chronic disease and have a lasting impact on long-term health,' said Gheewala. Eating causes blood sugar levels to rise, prompting the body to release insulin to restore them to a normal range. She explained that glycemic index is a marker that rates food from zero to 100 in terms of its ability to raise blood sugar. White bread, white pasta, and sweets tend to have higher glycemic indices. Additionally, packaged, processed food, with its higher salt and sugar content, also causes blood sugar to rise, so limiting these foods along with high-glycemic foods will promote healthier blood sugar levels. Gheewala noted that fiber-rich foods like whole grains and legumes tend to have lower glycemic indices. 'These whole foods will not only help with satiety, making teens feel full longer, but they also help with portion control and promote a healthy weight. Obesity, especially obesity in the trunk, is a risk factor for prediabetes. We need to be mindful of the type and quantity of calories we ingest.' The diet Gheewala advocates for is similar to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), which consists of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, nuts, dairy, poultry, and fish. A Although the DASH diet is rich in plant foods like the one Gheewala recommends, it also includes poultry and fish. Still, because the DASH diet is considered very healthy, she feels comfortable endorsing it. Gheewala noted that the goal is for people to find a healthy diet they enjoy and can maintain long-term. 'If adding fish and poultry will allow more flexibility and variety that makes it easier to create long-term health habits, I'm all for it. Small, consistent steps can have a huge return on investment.'
Daily Mail
12-05-2025
- Health
- Daily Mail
Eating one trendy food during pregnancy may slash risk of food allergies, scientists say
When it comes to avocados, millennials may have actually got it right. Eating the bright green fruit during pregnancy could slash the risk of food allergies in babies, scientists have suggested. Finnish researchers, who tracked more than 2,200 mother and baby pairs, found infants had a 44 per cent lower chance of developing allergies aged one, if their mothers had eaten the avocados while pregnant. Experts today, who labelled the findings 'encouraging', said it adds to a growing body of research exploring the link between maternal diet and allergies in infants. But the scientists, from the University of Eastern Finland, said they couldn't be sure exactly why avocados alone reduced the risk. Dr Sari Hantunen, an expert in public health and clinical nutrition at the University of Eastern Finland and studt co-author, said: 'As a care-giver, the growing prevalence of food allergy feels very scary and out of my control. 'There is no cure for food allergy, but promising prevention and therapeutic strategies are in development as well as emerging research such as this. 'Based on these findings, it's encouraging to know that eating avocados may provide even more value to maternal and children's health, beyond the benefits that have already been established through scientific research.' The number of Britons allergic to everyday foods such as cow's milk, eggs, nuts and shellfish has more than doubled in ten years, the latest research shows. And it's particularly an issue for young children. While just 0.5 per cent of over-45s are affected, around eight times as many preschoolers—four per cent—now have a serious allergy. These can cause significant stress to parents, and can even be life-threatening. Symptoms range from itchy skin, rashes and hives to vomiting, facial swelling, wheezing and chronic conditions such as asthma or eczema. And for some, the reactions can lead to anaphylaxis—a serious over-reaction of the immune system in response to an allergen which causes the throat and mouth to swell up, restricting the ability to breathe. In the fresh research, scientists assessed avocado intake of expectant mothers using online food questionnaires in the first and third trimesters, between 2013 and 2022. After adjusting for factors including education, diet quality, smoking and alcohol consumption, food allergies were 'significantly higher' in infants of non-avocado consumers (4.2 per cent) compared to avocado consumers (2.4 per cent). The findings published in the journal Pediatric Research, also showed that mothers who consumed avocados generally were older, less likely to undergo a Cesarean section, more likely to be non-smokers and first time parents. Researchers theorised that it is the antioxidants in the avocado's that may help guard against allergies. They also suggested that the fibre in the avocado's promoted a healthy gut microbiome and led to less allergies in the participants. Although positive results were found for food allergies, the study did not find an impact of avocados on allergic rhinitis—hayfever—and eczema. Experts estimate that 10 Brits die from an allergic reaction to food each year, with 5,000 people hospitalised for severe reactions. Children with allergies are considered to be especially at risk from severe reactions as, due to their smaller body size, small amounts of allergens provoke bigger reactions. Allergies are also often discovered in childhood meaning parents may not have an emergency injection to hand if an allergic reaction occurs. Bereaved families of those who have lost children to allergic reactions have repeatedly called for the Government to appoint an allergy tsar to improve NHS services and awareness of allergies, to prevent avoidable ill health and death.
Telegraph
11-05-2025
- Health
- Telegraph
Eating avocados during pregnancy may cut risk of childhood allergies, study shows
Eating avocados during pregnancy may cut the risk of food allergies in babies by two-fifths, a study suggests. The research, involving 2,272 mother-baby pairs in Finland, found that infants had a 44 per cent lower chance of developing food allergies at 12 months old if their mothers had consumed avocados while pregnant. Decades of research have explored the relationship between maternal diet and allergies in infants, but the new study is the first to link avocados in the maternal diet to a lower risk of potentially deadly food allergies, which affect around one in 13 children. Doctor Sari Hantunen, the study author, of the University of Eastern Finland, said: 'As a care-giver, the growing prevalence of food allergy feels very scary and out of my control. 'There is no cure for food allergy, but promising prevention and therapeutic strategies are in development as well as emerging research such as this.' The research team analysed data collected from 2013 to 2022. Avocado intake was assessed using an online food frequency questionnaire during the first and third trimesters. Participants who reported eating any avocado in either trimester were defined as avocado consumers. Infant allergic outcomes, including rhinitis, paroxysmal wheezing and eczema, were evaluated at 12 months old. After adjusting for factors including gestational age at delivery, education, diet quality, smoking, alcohol consumption and breastfeeding, food allergy was found to be 'significantly higher' in infants of non-avocado consumers (4.2 per cent) compared to avocado consumers (2.4 per cent). No associations were found for other allergic conditions when all other factors were considered. The findings, published in the journal Pediatric Research, showed that mothers who ate avocados during pregnancy tended to be older at delivery, less likely to undergo a caesarean delivery, non-smokers, breastfeed for a longer duration, have higher diet quality scores, and have lower BMI levels in the first trimester. Dr Hantunen said findings from the study cannot establish causation or be applied to all audiences, but – while more research was needed to understand the exact mechanism – they 'underscore' the value of avocados. She added: 'Based on these findings, it's encouraging to know that eating avocados may provide even more value to maternal and children's health, beyond the benefits that have already been established through scientific research.' NHS guidelines recommend that pregnant women eat at least five daily portions of a variety of fruit and vegetables, which can be fresh, frozen, canned, dried or juiced.
Daily Mail
29-04-2025
- Health
- Daily Mail
Millions of teenagers may suffer 'ticking time bomb' heart problem due to common diet mistake, experts warn
Millions of seemingly healthy teenagers are at risk of deadly heart failure due to poor diets and lack of exercise, experts have warned. Researchers at the University of Eastern Finland found that teens with elevated blood sugar levels were significantly more likely to have an enlarged heart. The condition, called ventricular hypertrophy, weakens the organ's ability to pump blood effectively, dramatically increasing the chances of a fatal cardiac arrest. Professor Andrew Agbaje, from the University of Eastern Finland, said they found even healthy-looking teens and young adults, of a normal weight, may still be at risk. The team analysed 1,595 volunteers, aged 17 to 24, from the University of Bristol's Children of the 90s cohort—a long-running study tracking the health of thousands born in the early 1990s. They measured blood sugar levels to investigate whether raised glucose could trigger metabolic changes linked to harmful alterations in heart structure. Previous research has shown that high blood sugar in youth is a strong predictor of type 2 diabetes—a condition that doubles heart attack risk—in later life. Now, for the first time, evidence suggests that damage to the heart may start earlier, even before diabetes is diagnosed. Worryingly, the study found that youngsters with a persistent fasting blood sugar level of 5.6mmol/L or higher—still below the NHS threshold for diabetes—were at a 46 per cent greater risk of developing left ventricular hypertrophy. Whilst the condition itself does not cause symptoms, it can put strain on the heart resulting in chest pain, shortness of breath and heart palpitations. Left untreated, this can cause abnormal heart rhythms which can lead to cardiac arrest and sudden death. Other factors that influence heart health—including family history of cardiovascular disease, smoking, and levels of physical activity—were also taken into account. Prof Agbaje suggested his team's findings 'underscore the critical importance of lifestyle, behaviour and dietary habits, especially after adolescents have become independent from their family. 'The findings further confirm that even healthy-looking adolescents and young adults who are mostly normal weight may be on a path towards cardiovascular diseases, if they have high blood glucose and insulin resistance. 'Surprisingly, we observed that high blood sugar may aggressively damage females' hearts five times faster than males'—therefore, special attention should be paid to girls in terms of prevention,' he added. Once considered a disease of middle and older age, type 2 diabetes is increasingly common in young people. In the UK, about 168,000 people under 40 years old currently live with the condition, which also increases the risk of kidney failure, strokes and blindness. Of this group, a significant portion are children and young adults. The number of young people diagnosed with type 2 diabetes has been on the rise, with a 40 per cent increase observed between 2016 and 23. The NHS advises avoiding too much sugary food, findings ways to manage stress and exercising regularly to try to stop blood sugar levels getting too high.
Yahoo
05-02-2025
- Health
- Yahoo
I Can't Stop Thinking About This Fitness Tip From Finland
As a health editor, I spend my days analyzing studies and researching the latest trends around nutrition, weight loss, and fitness. I've covered everything from the 75 Hard Challenge to how many steps a day it really takes to lose weight, but I recently came across a Finnish fitness tip that I can't stop thinking about. Despite temperatures falling to -20°F or even colder (yes, you read that right) in the winter, Finland is consistently ranked one of the fittest, most health-conscious countries in the world. 🩺 SIGN UP for tips to stay healthy & fit with the top moves, clean eats, health trends & more delivered right to your inbox twice a week 💊 As a former Californian and current New Yorker, I know working out is a lot harder when it's cold out. I don't want to run outside when temperatures drop below 50 degrees, and even dragging myself out from under my blankets in the morning can feel impossible. For those reasons, Finland's fitness has always been mind-boggling to me. What gives? Yes, even when it's freezing out. "In Finland, walking to work, the store and during leisure time is a year-round activity, embraced by people of all ages," a professor of exercise medicine at the University of Eastern Finland, tells Parade. "Commuting by bike is equally popular, regardless of the season." Related: 15 Best Workouts for Weight Loss, According to Trainers—and Yes, Walking Counts! If you're thinking you can't possibly imagine navigating sub-zero temperatures in your normal puffy coat and boots, I don't blame you. And Dr. Venojärvi is the first to emphasize that dressing for the weather is key. "Navigating the cold, dark, and slippery winter weather requires some preparation and the right gear," he says. "Layered clothing is the cornerstone of staying comfortable and safe during winter activities. Start with a moisture-wicking base layer to keep your skin dry. Add a middle layer for warmth, such as fleece or wool, and finish with an outer layer that protects against wind and snow. This combination ensures you stay warm without overheating." Visibility is prioritized by people in Finland, too, as the country only gets about 6 hours of daylight in the winter months. "Reflectors on your clothing and bike help ensure you're seen by drivers," Dr. Venojärvi says. "Footwear with good traction is essential to prevent slips and falls on icy surfaces. It's important to protect your head and face, including your nose and mouth, from the freezing wind. Warm mittens keep your fingers warm." Related: If this still sounds terrible to you, Dr. Venojärvi emphasizes that it's not you, it's Finland—people there are accustomed to being active in freezing weather from a very young age. "Outdoor activities are a significant part of Finnish culture and well-being, with Finns spending a lot of time outdoors throughout the year," Dr. Venojärvi says. "While outdoor activities are particularly popular in the summer, they are also common in the winter, despite the challenging weather conditions." Related: Families enjoy sledding and ice skating, while young people also engage in downhill skiing, Dr. Venojärvi says. "Adults and the elderly participate in cross-country skiing, walking, and Nordic walking," he says. "These activities not only promote physical health but also improve mood and social well-being. You can also relax by swimming in an ice hole, as a short dip in cold water boosts energy and relaxes you." Plus, all that snow is just really pretty. "Winter landscapes and nature in Finland are truly beautiful and diverse. In winter, the scenery transforms into a snow-covered wonderland, offering stunning views such as snowy forests, frozen lakes, and beautiful sunsets," Dr. Venojärvi says. "The right of public access, known as 'Everyman's Right,' allows free movement in nature, encouraging people to spend time outdoors in all seasons. This right is a key factor in promoting outdoor activities and enjoying nature in Finland." While I'm personally ready to book a trip to this winter wonderland ASAP, even Dr. Venojärvi says sometimes it's just too cold to exercise outside. In that case, "there are many indoor swimming pools, gyms, and other exercise options in Finland to suit your preferences." Up Next: These Are the Most Health-Conscious Countries. U.S. News and World Report. Dr. Mika Venojärvi, Ph.D., a professor of exercise medicine at the University of Eastern Finland
