Latest news with #VincentVanEylen
Time of India
3 days ago
- Science
- Time of India
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Astronomers have discovered a massive planet orbiting an unusually small star, defying current theories of planetary formation. The star, TOI-6894 , is located about 240 light-years away in the constellation Leo and has just 21% the mass of the Sun. Yet, it hosts a gas giant roughly the size of Saturn much larger than expected for such a small star. This challenges existing models, which suggest that small stars form only small, rocky planets like Earth. Forming giant planets typically requires large amounts of material in a protoplanetary disk, which small stars aren't thought to possess. 'It's hard to build a giant planet in such conditions,' said study co-author Vincent Van Eylen. The planet completes an orbit in just three days, lying 40 times closer to its star than Earth is to the Sun. Despite its close orbit, it's cooler than typical 'hot Jupiters.' Its mass is 56% hat of Saturn and 17% of Jupiter. Data from NASA's TESS and the ESO's VLT were used for the discovery, with further observations planned using the James Webb Space Telescope.
Daily Tribune
5 days ago
- Science
- Daily Tribune
Huge planet discovered orbiting tiny star puzzles scientists
AFP | Paris Astronomers announced yesterday they have discovered a massive planet orbiting a tiny star, a bizarre pairing that has stumped scientists. Most of the stars across the Milky Way are small red dwarfs like TOI-6894, which has only 20 percent the mass of our Sun. It had not been thought possible that such puny, weak stars could provide the conditions needed to form and host huge planets. But an international team of astronomers have detected the unmistakable signature of a gas giant planet orbiting the undersized TOI-6894, according to a study in the journal Nature Astronomy. This makes the star the smallest star yet known to host a gas giant. The planet has a slightly larger radius than Saturn, but only half its mass. It orbits its star in a little over three days. The astronomers discovered the planet when searching through more than 91,000 low-mass red dwarfs observed by NASA's TESS space telescope. Its existence was then confirmed by ground-based telescopes, including Chile's Very Large Telescope. 'The fact that this star hosts a giant planet has big implications for the total number of giant planets we estimate exist in our galaxy,' study co-author Daniel Bayliss of the UK's Warwick University said in a statement. Another co-author, Vincent Van Eylen, of University College London, said it was an 'intriguing discovery'. 'We don't really understand how a star with so little mass can form such a massive planet!' he said. 'This is one of the goals of the search for more exoplanets. By finding planetary systems different from our solar system, we can test our models and better understand how our own solar system formed.'
Yahoo
5 days ago
- Science
- Yahoo
Ginormous planet discovered around tiny red star challenges our understanding of solar systems
When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. Scientists have spotted a massive planet where one shouldn't be able to exist, according to leading theories of planet formation. A team of researchers discovered a giant planet, dubbed TOI-6894b, orbiting a low-mass red dwarf star about 241 light-years away from Earth. The findings, published June 4 in the journal Nature Astronomy, add another example to a growing list of space objects that challenge standard models of planet formation. "It's an intriguing discovery," study co-author Vincent Van Eylen, an astrophysicist at University College London's Mullard Space Science Laboratory, said in a statement. "We don't really understand how a star with so little mass can form such a massive planet! This is one of the goals of the search for more exoplanets." For years, astronomers thought low-mass stars, less than roughly a third the mass of our sun, would not be able to accumulate enough material to form giant planets. But a few examples that defy these predictions have cropped up, and scientists are looking for others to help revise theories of planet formation. To seek out these planets, study co-author Edward Bryant, an astronomer at University College London, and colleagues turned to the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), a NASA satellite launched in 2018. In a 2023 study, Bryant and colleagues spotted 15 potential giant planets, including TOI-6894b, orbiting low-mass stars. The team homed in on TOI-6894b and its star with additional observations from TESS and several ground-based telescopes. Combining this data, the researchers found that TOI-6894b has about 17% as much mass as Jupiter, or about 53 times as much mass as Earth. The planet's radius is slightly larger than Saturn's, and it orbits its star — which contains about 20% as much mass as the sun — in just 3 days. Related: Scientists have discovered a new dwarf planet in our solar system, far beyond the orbit of Neptune "We did not expect planets like TOI-6894b to be able to form around stars this low-mass," Bryant said in the statement. The red dwarf is the lowest-mass star discovered to host a giant planet so far. "This discovery will be a cornerstone for understanding the extremes of giant planet formation." Though reports of giant planets orbiting red dwarfs are still rare, the discovery suggests that there could be many more of these behemoths in the Milky Way. "Most stars in our galaxy are actually small stars exactly like this, with low masses and previously thought to not be able to host gas giant planets," study co-author Daniel Bayliss, an astrophysicist at the University of Warwick, said in the statement. "So, the fact that this star hosts a giant planet has big implications for the total number of giant planets we estimate exist in our galaxy." TOI-6894b and other giant planets orbiting low mass stars throw a wrench in the core accretion model, the most common theory of how giant planets form. Typically, a giant planet's core grows until it's massive enough to quickly pull in gas from the surrounding protoplanetary disk. But the protoplanetary disks around low mass stars weren't expected to contain enough material for this to occur. RELATED STORIES —What's the largest planet in the universe? —Jupiter is shrinking and used to be twice as big, mind-boggling study reveals —New class of exoplanet — half-rock, half-water — discovered orbiting red dwarf Instead, TOI-6894b could have slowly accumulated gas over time, or it might have formed from a gravitationally unstable protoplanetary disk that collapsed into a planet. Studying the distribution of material in the planet's atmosphere could offer some clues to how it formed, according to the scientists. "This system provides a new challenge for models of planet formation, and it offers a very interesting target for follow-up observations to characterize its atmosphere," said study co-author Andrés Jordán, an astrophysicist at Adolfo Ibáñez University. Researchers will use the James Webb Space Telescope to observe the planet's atmosphere within the next year.
Yahoo
6 days ago
- General
- Yahoo
Massive planet discovered orbiting tiny star, puzzling scientists
Astronomers announced Wednesday they have discovered a massive planet orbiting a tiny star, a bizarre pairing that has stumped scientists. Most of the stars across the Milky Way are small red dwarfs like TOI-6894, which has only 20% the mass of our sun. It had not been thought possible that such puny, weak stars could provide the conditions needed to form and host huge planets. But an international team of astronomers have detected the unmistakable signature of a gas giant planet orbiting the undersized TOI-6894, according to a study in the journal Nature Astronomy. This makes the star the smallest star yet known to host a gas giant. The planet has a slightly larger radius than Saturn, but only half its mass. It orbits its star in a little over three days. The astronomers discovered the planet when searching through more than 91,000 low-mass red dwarfs observed by NASA's TESS space telescope. Its existence was then confirmed by ground-based telescopes, including Chile's Very Large Telescope. "The fact that this star hosts a giant planet has big implications for the total number of giant planets we estimate exist in our galaxy," study co-author Daniel Bayliss of the UK's Warwick University said in a statement. Another co-author, Vincent Van Eylen, of University College London, said it was an "intriguing discovery." "We don't really understand how a star with so little mass can form such a massive planet!" he said. "This is one of the goals of the search for more exoplanets. By finding planetary systems different from our solar system, we can test our models and better understand how our own solar system formed." Planet is unusually cold The most prominent theory for how planets form is called core accretion. The process begins when a ring of gas and dust — called a protoplanetary disc — which surrounds a newly formed star builds up into a planetary core. This core attracts more gas that forms an atmosphere, eventually snowballing into a gas giant. Under this theory, it is difficult for low-mass stars to host giant planets because there is not enough gas and dust to begin building a core in the first place. A rival theory proposes that these planets instead form when their protoplanetary disc becomes gravitationally unstable and breaks up, with the collapsing gas and dust forming a planet. However neither theory seems to explain the existence of the newly discovered planet, TOI-6894b, the researchers said. The planet also interests scientists because it is strangely cold. Most of the gas giants discovered outside our solar system so far have been what are known as "hot Jupiters," where temperatures soar well over 1,000 degrees Celsius. But the newly discovered planet appears to be under 150C, the researchers said. "Temperatures are low enough that atmospheric observations could even show us ammonia, which would be the first time it is found in an exoplanet atmosphere," said study co-author Amaury Triaud of Birmingham University. The James Webb space telescope is scheduled to turn its powerful gaze toward the planet in the next year, which could help uncover some more mysteries of this strange planet. Recent cosmic discoveries The spotting of the giant planet orbiting the undersized star marks the latest in a string of recent celestial discoveries. Last month, a U.S.-based trio hunting the elusive "Planet Nine" said they instead stumbled on what appears to be a new dwarf planet in the solar system's outer reaches. Named 2017 OF201, the new object is roughly 430 miles across, according to a preprint study, making it three times smaller than Pluto. Also in May, an international team reported that a newly found celestial object — perhaps a star, pair of stars or something else entirely — is emitting X-rays around the same time it's shooting out radio waves. Meanwhile, scientists announced recently that a new planetarium show about the Milky Way helped them unlock one of the solar system's many secrets. Experts at the American Museum of Natural History in New York were fine-tuning a scene about the Oort Cloud that's far beyond Pluto. Scientists have never glimpsed this region, but when museum experts projected their scene onto the planetarium dome, created using simulation data, they saw a spiral shape. Scientists had long thought the Oort Cloud was shaped like a sphere or flattened shell, warped by the push and pull of other planets and the Milky Way itself. The planetarium show hinted that a more complex shape could lie peek: Where is Jermain Charlo? Baldwin grills McMahon on unallocated funds for students, schools, approved by Congress Hegseth orders Navy to rename USNS Harvey Milk, Jeffries calls it "a complete and total disgrace"
Time of India
6 days ago
- General
- Time of India
Big planet orbiting a small star: Scientists discover rare pairing in Milky Way galaxy
Astronomers say they have discovered a massive planet orbiting a tiny star, a bizarre pairing that has stumped scientists (Image credit: X/AFP) Astronomers on Wednesday have discovered a huge planet orbiting a tiny star. This bizarre pairing has left the scientists puzzled. The small star is called TOI-6894 . Most stars in the Milky Way galaxy are small like TOI-6894. It is a red dwarf with only about 20 per cent of the Sun's mass. Scientists never thought that such tiny stars could support massive planets. However, a team of international astronomers found clear signs of a gas giant planet orbiting the small star TOI-6894. Their findings were published in the journal ' Nature Astronomy '. This discovery makes TOI-6894 the smallest known star to host such a large planet. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like New Container Houses Morocco (Prices May Surprise You) Container House | Search Ads Search Now Undo The planet has a slightly larger radius than Saturn, but weighs only half its mass. It orbits the star very quickly- once every three days. The astronomers discovered the planet while observing more than 91,000 small red dwarf stars from Nasa's TESS space telescope. The existence of the planet was confirmed by ground-based telescopes including Chile's observatory 'Very Large Telescope'. "The fact that this star hosts a giant planet has big implications for the total number of giant planets we estimate exist in our galaxy," said study co-author Daniel Bayliss from the UK's Warwick University. Another co-author, Vincent Van Eylen from University College London, said it was an "intriguing discovery". "We don't really understand how a star with so little mass can form such a massive planet!" Eylen said. "This is one of the goals of the search for more exoplanets . By finding planetary systems different from our solar system, we can test our models and better understand how our own solar system formed", he added. Scientists hope discoveries like this one will help them better understand how planets — including those in our own solar system — are formed. Why is TOI-6894b special? The new planet, named TOI-6894b is special because it is much cooler than most other planets found outside our solar system. The researchers explained that most of the planets are hot, having temperatures more than 1,000°C. However, the newly discovered planet appears to be under 150°C. That cooler temperature means scientists might be able to detect chemicals like ammonia in its atmosphere — something never seen before in planets outside our solar system. The James Webb Space Telescope is expected to observe this planet in the next year, which can help scientists in uncovering more mysteries of this strange planet.
