Latest news with #WestNilevirus
.jpeg%3Ftrim%3D0%2C0%2C0%2C0%26width%3D1200%26height%3D800%26crop%3D1200%3A800&w=3840&q=100)
The Independent
25-07-2025
- Health
- The Independent
What is West Nile virus? Symptoms and advice after deaths in Italy
Following the deaths of two people in Italy from West Nile virus earlier this year, holidaymakers may have concerns about the safety of their summer travel plans. The Italian Health Ministry announced on Thursday (24 July) that, alongside the two deaths, 32 other cases of the virus, mainly in the Lazio Region, have been confirmed in 2025 so far. West Nile virus (WNV) is typically found in birds. It is commonly transmitted to humans through the bites of bird-biting mosquitoes. In May, the UK Health Security Agency (UKHSA) detected signs of the West Nile virus in mosquitoes within the UK for the first time, prompting increased disease surveillance. Although the risk to the UK remains 'very low', here's everything travellers need to know to protect against West Nile virus. What is West Nile virus? West Nile virus is a virus that can be transmitted to humans via bites from infected mosquitoes. Mosquitoes get WNV by feeding on infected birds, but people and animals can also get the virus if they come into contact with infected animal blood or tissues. The World Health Organisation (WHO) says that around 1 in 150 people who are infected will develop a severe illness that 'can be life threatening' such as encephalitis (inflammation of the brain) or meningitis. Where is West Nile Virus found? The virus – from the same family as dengue and yellow fever – was first detected in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937. Since then, various regions across the globe, such as Europe, Africa, the Middle East, West and Central Asia, and North America, as well as South America, the USA and Australia, have reported cases. Since a 1996 outbreak in Romania, cases have been identified in European countries including France, Italy and Portugal, says UKHSA. Transmission levels of West Nile virus are at their highest in summer when mosquito activity is high. Is West Nile virus in the UK? In May, fragments of West Nile virus genetic material were collected in mosquitoes in Britain for the first time. However, there have been no locally acquired human cases of WNV reported in the UK aside from seven travel-associated reports since 2000, says UKHSA advice. The health agency added that the probability of a human outbreak in the UK is considered 'very low'. Dr Arran Folly, arbovirologist at APHA and lead of the Vector-Borne RADAR project, said: 'The detection of West Nile virus in the UK is part of a wider changing landscape, where, in the wake of climate change, mosquito-borne diseases are expanding to new areas.' What are the symptoms of West Nile virus? Most people who are infected with the West Nile virus will not show any symptoms. However, the WHO says that 20 per cent of people will develop a fever with other symptoms, including: Headache High fever Neck stiffness Disorientation Nausea and vomiting Muscle weakness Advice from UKHSA says: 'Those aged over 50 years old, or with underlying medical conditions (such as cancer, diabetes, hypertension and kidney disease) are at greatest risk of severe disease.' Is there a vaccine? There is currently no vaccine or specific medicine available for human use against the West Nile virus. According to the WHO, any treatment 'focuses on relieving symptoms and supportive care'. If infected, the health organisation recommends: In severe cases, patients are hospitalised to receive IV fluids and pain medication. How can I protect myself from West Nile virus? Taking the usual package of precautions against mosquito bites will lower the risk of WNV for travellers. WHO advice says this includes wearing light, long clothing, using window screens and mosquito repellents, alongside sleeping in an air-conditioned room. Further preventative steps to prevent mosquitoes breeding around your home include the removal of stagnant water and regularly cleaning water storage containers.
Time of India
20-07-2025
- Health
- Time of India
Philadelphia confirms first West Nile Virus mosquito pool; know all about the viral disease, symptoms and treatment
The Philadelphia Department of Public Health recently confirmed the first positive mosquito pool for the West Nile virus (WNV) in the city. The same was detected in a sample collected near Pennypack Park in Northeast Philadelphia. While no case of human beings being affected has been yet reported, here's taking a look at the virus, disease, and symptoms... What is West Nile Virus West Nile virus is a viral disease that is transmitted mainly by the bites of infected mosquitoes. This virus can cause illnesses in people, and severe health issues (in rare cases). Let's learn more... Understanding West Nile Virus West Nile virus is a viral disease that is transmitted by mosquitoes. The virus is a member of the Flaviviruses, which also includes Zika, dengue and yellow fever viruses. The virus was first identified in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937, and has since spread to other parts of the world including Africa, Europe, Middle East, North America and Asia. The main hosts of the virus are birds and mosquitoes, which feed on infected birds, who can then transmit the disease to humans and other animals like horses. How Do People Get Infected Most people get infected with West Nile virus through the bites of infected mosquitoes. The virus in the mosquitoes is acquired by feeding on birds that already carry the virus. The virus can also spread through blood transfusions, organ transplants and from mother to child during pregnancy, but these cases remain rare. When and Where Is West Nile Most Common The West Nile virus infections are mostly encountered during the mosquito season that runs from summer to early fall. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like AirSense 11 – Smart tech for deep sleep ResMed Buy Now Undo The cases are reported throughout the year in the warmer areas. West Nile Virus Symptoms Most People Have No Symptoms About 80 percent of people who are infected with West Nile virus, do not have any symptoms. Most people will not even know they were infected. Mild Symptoms About 20 percent of the infected people (1 in 5) will develop mild symptoms of West Nile fever that are known as 'West Nile fever.' These can include: Fever Headache Body aches or muscle pains Tiredness or weakness Skin rash on the trunk (upper body) Swollen lymph glands Nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea Most of the mild cases recover on their own, and do not need any further medical intervention. These symptoms usually start between 3 and 14 days after the mosquito bite, and can last for several weeks. Severe (Serious) Symptoms Less than 1 in 150 infected people (under 1%) will get severe symptoms. The severe symptoms are a result of the virus entering the brain and nervous system, which results in serious conditions like meningitis (swelling of the lining of the brain and spinal cord) or encephalitis (swelling of the brain). Serious signs include: High fever Severe headache Stiff neck Disorientation or confusion Muscle weakness or paralysis Tremors or convulsions (shaking) Loss of consciousness or coma Sensitivity to light Seizures The risk of severe illness is high for the elderly people, people with weakened immune systems and those with chronic diseases. In rare cases, the infection can lead to permanent damage to the nervous or brain systems or can be deadly. Long-Term Effects The people who have had severe infections may experience some effects for months or even years, such as: Persistent tiredness or weakness Memory problems Headaches Trouble with balance How Is West Nile Virus Diagnosed Doctors usually diagnose West Nile virus by: Looking at symptoms Asking about recent mosquito exposure Doing blood tests or testing fluid from the spinal cord to check for the virus or antibodies Treatment for West Nile Virus No Specific Medicine There is no cure or specific treatment for West Nile virus. Antibiotics are not used since the disease is caused by a virus not bacteria. For mild cases: Most people with mild symptoms will recover on their own. Doctors suggest: Rest Drinking plenty of fluids Taking over-the-counter pain relievers for fever and aches, such as acetaminophen or ibuprofen For severe cases: People who have serious symptoms usually have to go to the hospital for supportive care while their body is fighting off the virus. This can include…Patients receive IV (intravenous) fluids for dehydration prevention purposes. Prevention Since a cure does not exist, it is crucial to minimise mosquito bites. This can be done by: Applying mosquito repellents that contain DEET or other authorized ingredients. Wear full sleeved clothes and pants from dusk to dawn, because mosquitoes become most active during these times. The application of screens to windows and doors, functions as an effective barrier against mosquito entry. You must eliminate all standing water from flower pots, buckets and tires throughout your home, since it enables mosquito breeding. Sources Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Johns Hopkins Medicine World Health Organization (WHO) Cleveland Clinic
Time of India
14-07-2025
- Health
- Time of India
West Nile virus found in Fulton County: How it spreads and who is at risk
West Nile virus (WNV) is spreading through mosquitoes in Fulton County, Georgia. Two mosquito traps – in Hapeville and northwest Atlanta – in Fulton County tested positive for the West Nile virus, according to the Fulton County Board of Health. The virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, which acquire the virus by feeding on infected birds. With no vaccine or targeted antiviral treatment available for humans, prevention and awareness are the primary defenses. While most people don't experience severe symptoms, those over 50 and individuals with weakened immune systems are at higher risk for complications like encephalitis or meningitis. Let's delve into the science behind WNV transmission, its impact, and how individuals can stay vigilant and safe. What is West Nile Virus? West Nile virus is a single-stranded RNA virus that causes West Nile fever. It is a member of the family Flaviviridae, from the genus Flavivirus, which also contains the Zika virus, dengue virus, and yellow fever virus. The virus is primarily transmitted by mosquitoes, mostly species of Culex. Why the name? The virus was initially identified in the West Nile district of Uganda in 1937. by Taboola by Taboola Sponsored Links Sponsored Links Promoted Links Promoted Links You May Like The Most Beautiful Women In The World Undo It has since spread globally, including Africa, Europe, the Middle East, Asia, Australia, and North America. How does WNV spread? West Nile virus (WNV) is primarily spread to humans through the bite of an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes become infected when they feed on birds that carry the virus. Humans, horses, and other mammals can then contract WNV from the bite of an infected mosquito. Mosquitoes, particularly certain species of Culex mosquitoes, are the main vectors for WNV. They become infected when they bite birds that carry the virus. Birds, especially certain species like crows and jays, are considered amplifying hosts, meaning they can carry high levels of the virus in their blood, making them efficient transmitters to mosquitoes. When an infected female mosquito bites a human or other mammal, it injects saliva, which can contain the virus, into the bloodstream. While mosquito bites are the primary route, WNV can also be transmitted through blood transfusions and organ transplants, as well as from mother to child during pregnancy, delivery, or breastfeeding. There have also been rare cases of transmission in laboratory settings and through oral-fecal routes in alligators and crocodiles. However, West Nile virus is not spread through casual contact with infected individuals or through the air. Moreover, mammals like humans are "dead‑end hosts" because they typically don't carry enough virus in their blood to facilitate further mosquito infection. Peak transmission occurs between July and October, a period marked by warm, humid weather that favors mosquito breeding and bird activity. Who are at risk? Although most people infected with West Nile virus remain asymptomatic (~80%), around 20% experience West Nile fever – flu‑like symptoms including fever, headache, fatigue, and sometimes rash. Less than 1% develop neuroinvasive disease (meningitis or encephalitis), marked by high fever, neck stiffness, confusion, tremors, or paralysis – conditions that can be fatal in about 10 % of these cases. Individuals over 60, organ transplant recipients, and those with weakened immune systems or certain chronic (comorbid) conditions like diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney disease are at higher risk of severe West Nile virus illness. While anyone can be bitten by an infected mosquito, these groups are more likely to experience serious complications if infected. Additionally, people with weakened immune systems, due to conditions like HIV/AIDS, cancer, or undergoing chemotherapy, are more susceptible to severe illness. Individuals who have received organ transplants are at increased risk due to the immunosuppressant medications they take to prevent organ rejection. While not a direct risk factor for acquiring the virus, pregnant women and breastfeeding mothers should be cautious and consult with their doctor if they experience symptoms. Precautions and safety tips To prevent West Nile virus (WNV) infection, the most important precaution is to minimize mosquito bites. This involves using insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, and reducing mosquito breeding sites. Additionally, limiting outdoor activities during peak mosquito hours (dusk and dawn) and ensuring proper screening of windows and doors can help reduce exposure. Department of Public Health and the CDC recommend: Avoid peak mosquito activity: Be cautious at dusk and dawn, when Culex mosquitoes are most active. Use EPA‑registered insect repellents: DEET, picaridin, IR3535, or oil of lemon eucalyptus are recommended. Dress smart: When outdoors, especially during peak mosquito hours, wear long sleeves, long pants, and a hat to cover as much skin as possible. Eliminate standing water weekly: Dump water from flowerpots, gutters, and water bowls, as mosquitoes need only a bottlecap's water to breed. Maintain screens and doors: Install and repair screens on windows and doors to keep mosquitoes out. Use mosquito netting: If you are sleeping outdoors or in an unscreened area, use mosquito netting to prevent bites. Be informed and report: Stay updated on local alerts and report stagnant water or dead birds to county health officials. Be aware of travel risks: If traveling to an area with known WNV activity, take extra precautions and consult with your doctor about necessary preventative measures. Georgia: Fulton County election workers testify about harassment
The Hindu
16-06-2025
- Health
- The Hindu
Protecting your health from mosquito-borne diseases this rainy season
The monsoon season brings with it heavy rainfall, high humidity and also some major health issues such as mosquito-borne diseases that are spread through the bites of female mosquitos. The pathogen (virus or parasite) is consumed by the female mosquito when it bites an infected human or animal. The pathogen grows and enters the mosquito's salivary glands, where it is spread by further bites. Some examples of viruses caused by mosquito bites are dengue, chikungunya, Zika, West Nile virus and yellow fever. Malaria is a parasitic disease spread by plasmodium through Anopheles mosquitoes. Lymphatic filariasis (elephantiasis), is a parasitic worm disease spread by a number of genera of mosquito (e.g., Culex, Anopheles). Studies show that over 7,00,000 people die each year from vector-borne illnesses, which make up around 17% of infectious diseases worldwide. About 80% of people are at risk, and the number of cases is increasing as a result of travel, urbanisation, climate change, and mosquito adaptation. The Aedes mosquitoes are the primary cause of regular dengue and chikungunya outbreaks in India, particularly during the monsoon season. Vector control, diagnosis, and surveillance is spearheaded by the National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP). Recognising symptoms . Dengue virus symptoms include fever, headache, eye pain, muscle pain, and rash. If not treated promptly, it can lead to severe complications including dengue haemorrhagic fever, plasma leakage, and shock syndrome, which can be fatal. The symptoms for Chikungunya virus include sudden high fever, severe joint pain, and rash. It can also lead to chronic joint pain lasting for months, with rare cases involving neurological complications.. Zika and Aedes virus symptoms are typically mild, including rash, fever, conjunctivitis, joint pain, and headache. However, it can cause serious complications including birth defects (microcephaly) in pregnant women and neurological syndromes in adults. Most people infected with the West Nile Virus won't show symptoms. When symptoms occur, they can include fever, headache, muscle pain, and rash. In rare cases, it can cause severe diseases like encephalitis, meningitis, or paralysis. Malaria symptoms include fever, chills, headache, vomiting, anaemia and jaundice. If it progresses to cerebral malaria, it can cause organ failure and even death, if left untreated. Lymphatic filariasis often doesn't show symptoms early on, but later it can cause lymph swelling, elephantiasis, and associated health risks, often followed by social stigmatisation. Disease management and care The majority of these illnesses are mainly managed with supportive care, which includes rest, fluids, and analgesics. Early detection to prevent major illness or death from developing (example -- dengue shock, cerebral malaria, neuro-invasive WNV) also enables supportive care and prompt interventions, lowers the viral load, which also prevents further transmission (e.g., dengue). To stay safe from these diseases we recommend using bed nets, sleeping in air-conditioned or screened rooms, and dressing in long-sleeved shirts and slacks. Lower the amount of standing water in homes. At the level of public health and the community, In India, the NVBDCP encourages the following: fogging during outbreaks; larvicidal measures like Abate and the use of larvivorous fish; indoor residual spraying (DDT, IRS). Community mobilisation and public education; promoting community involvement through awareness campaigns, clean-up drives, and surveillance are also encouraged. (Dr. Anu Preethi Dorai is a family physician at Apollo Medical Center, Anna Nagar, Chennai. preethivirgo91@
Yahoo
15-05-2025
- Climate
- Yahoo
How do I avoid ticks and mosquitoes this summer?
ROCKFORD, Ill. (WTVO) — The mild winter season was great for drivers, but residents can expect an influx of insects this summer as a result. The Winnebago County Health Department recently mosquitoes containing West Nile Virus, but it came earlier than expected. 'We've seen West Nile in our area for over 25 years,' Environmental Health Supervisor Ryan Kerch said. 'This is a bit earlier than we normally see it, so we're just sending out the reminder to everybody that mosquitoes can carry this disease.' Kerch is encouraging homeowners to limit areas of water around the house. 'The mosquitoes that can transmit West Nile virus like to lay their eggs in areas of stagnant water around the home; anything that can hold rainwater,' Kerch said. 'So, getting rid of those things will do a lot to get rid of bad mosquitoes.' Tick season is also underway, and experts from the Boone County Conservation District are extending warnings to those looking to hit the trails this summer. 'Wear long sleeves, long pants, and tuck your pants into your socks,' Executive Director Josh Sage said. 'Any type of bug repellent also helps.' Ticks like to hide in the hairline, behind the ears, behind the kneecaps, and on the backs of the arms, according to Sage. He encouraged hikers to check themselves and their backpacks for ticks. 'As long as you are diligent about doing tick checks after you come in from being outside, you'll be fine,' Sage said. 'One other thing you can do when you're out hiking is walk down the middle of the trail and try and avoid the tall grass or the trees overhead.' Both Sage and Kerch said they aren't trying to stray people away from going outside. 'We're not telling people not to enjoy the outdoors again,' Kerch said. 'Just take those precautions, use those protective measures to try and avoid it, too, in the first place.' Copyright 2025 Nexstar Media, Inc. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed.
