Latest news with #earthquakes
Daily Mail
18-05-2025
- Science
- Daily Mail
Massive volcano in Pacific Northwest is showing signs of re-awakening
A volcano in the Pacific Northwest is showing signs of activity with an eruption imminent. The Axial Seamount is a mile-wide underwater volcano that sits 300 miles off the coast of Oregon and more than 4,900 feet below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. Researchers with the National Science Foundation's Ocean Observatories Initiative have been monitoring this inevitable underwater explosion and now say that the volcano is giving off signs of becoming active. Situated along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, a chain of undersea volcanoes extending between Oregon and Alaska, Axial Seamount is a young shield volcano - a broader volcano with a low profile. Based on the 2015 eruption, Chadwick added that this year's magma explosion could produce a lava flow that's nearly as tall as Seattle's Space Needle. However, if Axial Seamount does blow within the next few days, experts say it won't pose any threat to communities along the West Coast. It's too deep and far from shore for people to even notice when it erupts, and it has no impact on seismic activity on land. Although few people have felt the tremors, the region has seen a sharp rise in the number of earthquakes in just the last month, with a major spike in activity recorded on April 13. Since May 6, the number of daily earthquakes under the seamount has been steadily rising. The number of underwater quakes is expected to skyrocket during this event, rising from several hundred per day right now to 10,000 earthquakes within a 24-hour period as magma flows out of the seafloor volcano, according to Interesting Engineering. Mike Poland, a scientist at the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, expressed excitement about the eruption, highlighting Axial Seamount as one of the world's best-monitored submarine volcanoes. 'This particular volcano is probably the best-monitored submarine volcano in the world,' he told Cowboy State Daily. 'It's fascinating and doesn't really pose a hazard.' Despite the growing anticipation among scientists, Axial Seamount's next eruption will likely come as a surprise to everyone tracking it. Wilcock's best guess is that the swelling lava finally erupts later in 2025 or even early 2026, but there's still chance it happens much sooner. Scott Nooner, a professor of geophysics at the University of North Carolina Wilmington, told NBC News: 'It's much harder than forecasting the weather, even though the weather is a very difficult thing to forecast already.' 'There's still so much that we don't understand about what triggers eruptions and how magma moves around underneath the Earth's surface,' he added. Eruptions from Axial Seamount were recorded in 1998, 2011, and 2015, and the volcano has undoubtedly erupted numerous times prior to those events, according to Poland. In November 2024, Chadwick started investigating the volcano when he noticed its surface had swelled to nearly the same height it reached before its last eruption 10 years ago. The swelling that occurred prior to the 2015 eruption allowed Chadwick and his colleagues to predict that event. This time, the researchers' observations told them that Axial Seamount would erupt before the end of 2025. They also found that seismic activity at Axial Seamount had increased, with hundreds of earthquakes generated around the volcano per day and earthquake swarms greater than 500 per day. Wilcock said the first sign that an eruption from this volcano is imminent would be a sharp increase in the number of earthquakes around it - which the area is now experiencing. The team shared their findings at the annual American Geophysical Union conference in December 2024. This impending eruption will be a major research opportunity for Wilcock and other scientists, who plan to use a suite of high-tech instruments to monitor the eruption from start to finish. The University of Washington's College of the Environment hosts one of the largest underwater observatories in the world, comprised of networks of sensors along the seafloor and throughout the ocean waters. When Axial Seamount finally erupts, Wilcock and his colleagues will use this array to gather data and images of the event as it unfolds. Even though Axial is not a dangerous undersea volcano, the forecasting capabilities scientists have gained from studying it could help them predict eruptions from those that are. Nooner pointed out that when forecasters are wrong with their eruption predictions on land, it can cost people bother time and money through unnecessary evacuations. Watching the seamount explode will allow scientists to test out their latest forecasting models without the repercussions of getting it wrong in a populated area.
Daily Mail
09-05-2025
- Science
- Daily Mail
Underwater volcano ready to erupt off the West Coast, scientists warn
The most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest could erupt as soon as tomorrow, scientists warn. The Axial Seamount is a mile-wide underwater volcano that sits 300 miles off the coast of Oregon and more than 4,900 feet below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. It last erupted in 2015, triggering roughly 8,000 earthquakes , producing 400-foot-thick lava flows and causing the bottom of the ocean to sink nearly eight feet. 'At the moment, there are a couple hundred earthquakes a day, but that's still a lot less than we saw before the previous eruption,' Wilcock explained. 'I would say it was going to erupt sometime later (this year) or early 2026, but it could be tomorrow, because it's completely unpredictable,' the marine geophysicist added. The region has seen a sharp rise in the number of earthquakes in just the last month, with a major spike in activity recorded on April 13. Since May 6, the number of daily earthquakes under the seamount has been steadily rising. If Axial Seamount does blow within the next few days, it won't pose any threat human communities along the West Coast, experts say. It's too deep and too far from shore for people to even notice when it erupts, and it has no impact on seismic activity on land. However, the number of underwater quakes is expected to skyrocket during this event, rising from several hundred per day right now to 10,000 earthquakes within a 24-hour period as magma flows out of the seafloor volcano, according to Interesting Engineering. Mike Poland, a scientist at the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, expressed excitement about the eruption, highlighting Axial Seamount as one of the world's best-monitored submarine volcanoes. 'This particular volcano is probably the best-monitored submarine volcano in the world,' he told Cowboy State Daily. 'It's fascinating and doesn't really pose a hazard.' Situated along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, a chain of undersea volcanoes extending between Oregon and Alaska, Axial Seamount is a young shield volcano - a broader volcano with a low profile. 'When Axial Seamount erupts, it'll look a lot like a Hawaiian lava flow eruption,' Poland said. 'It's not an explosive eruption, but calm effusions of lava flowing out of the caldera and across the seafloor.' Scientists warned last year that Axial Seamount was going to erupt by the end of 2025. 'Because it's had these three eruptions in the last 30 years, that's why we call it the most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest, because most of the ones on land aren't active that frequently, and they spend a lot of their time slumbering, whereas Axial has a pretty active magma supply,' Chadwick told local CBS affiliate KOIN 6 News. 'So, if it's not erupting, it's inflating and getting ready for the next one. And so that's why we're kind of monitoring what's happening to it all the time.' Eruptions from Axial Seamount were recorded in 1998, 2011, and 2015, and the volcano has undoubtedly erupted numerous times prior to those events, according to Poland. In November 2024, Oregon State University geophysicist William Chadwick started investigating the volcano when he noticed its surface had swelled to nearly the same height it reached before its last eruption 10 years ago. The swelling that occurred prior to the 2015 eruption allowed Chadwick and his colleagues to predict that event. This time, their observations told them that Axial Seamount would erupt before the end of 2025. 'Based on the current trends, and the assumption that Axial will be primed to erupt when it reaches the 2015 inflation threshold, our current eruption forecast window is between now (July 2024) and the end of 2025,' the researchers reported. They also found that seismic activity at Axial Seamount had increased, with hundreds of earthquakes generated around the volcano per day and earthquake swarms greater than 500 per day. Frequent, small earthquakes like these can signal that magma locked beneath the ocean floor is creeping closer to the surface. The team shared their findings at the annual American Geophysical Union conference in December 2024. Wilcock noted that the first sign that an eruption from this volcano is imminent would be a sharp increase in the number of earthquakes around it - which the area is now experiencing. 'That period lasts about an hour, and then the magma reaches the surface,' Wilcock said in a statement last month. After that, 'the seismic activity dies down pretty quickly over the next few days, but the eruption will continue slowly for about a month,' he added. This impending eruption will be a major research opportunity for Wilcock and other scientists, who plan to use a suite of high-tech instruments to monitor the eruption from start to finish. The University of Washington's College of the Environment hosts one of the largest underwater observatories in the world, comprised of networks of sensors along the seafloor and throughout the ocean waters. When Axial Seamount finally erupts, Wilcock and his colleagues will use this array to gather data and images of the event as it unfolds. Even though Axial is not a dangerous undersea volcano, the forecasting capabilities scientists have gained from studying it could help them predict eruptions from those that are. For example, in January 2022, an extremely powerful eruption of the Hunga underwater volcano in the Tonga archipelago in the southern Pacific Ocean triggered a tsunami that caused an estimated $90 billion in damages . This massive wave impacted California, Hawaii, and parts of Canada, Chile, Fiji, Japan, New Zealand, Mexico and Peru. The West Coast won't have to worry about Axial causing an event like that. But its eruption will provide an opportunity for scientists to learn more about how these powerful geological structures work - and now it could come at any time.
Daily Mail
09-05-2025
- Science
- Daily Mail
Major US volcano predicted to erupt TOMORROW
The most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest could erupt as soon as tomorrow, scientists warn. The Axial Seamount is a mile-wide underwater volcano that sits 300 miles off the coast of Oregon and more than 4,900 feet below the surface of the Pacific Ocean. It last erupted in 2015, triggering roughly 8,000 earthquakes, producing 400-foot-thick lava flows and causing the bottom of the ocean to sink nearly eight feet. Now, researchers with the National Science Foundation's Ocean Observatories Initiative, say there's been another massive uptick in the number of earthquakes under the seamount - signaling a looming eruption. According to William Wilcock, a professor and marine geophysicist at the University of Washington, there have been hundreds of earthquakes in the last few days and the seafloor has already inflated to the level that it reached before the 2015 eruption. The swelling means that dangerously hot magma is building up beneath the surface. 'At the moment, there are a couple hundred earthquakes a day, but that's still a lot less than we saw before the previous eruption,' Wilcock explained. 'I would say it was going to erupt sometime later (this year) or early 2026, but it could be tomorrow, because it's completely unpredictable,' the marine geophysicist added. The region has seen a sharp rise in the number of earthquakes in just the last month, with a major spike in activity recorded on April 13. Since May 6, the number of daily earthquakes under the seamount has been steadily rising. If Axial Seamount does blow within the next few days, it won't pose any threat human communities along the West Coast, experts say. It's too deep and too far from shore for people to even notice when it erupts, and it has no impact on seismic activity on land. However, the number of underwater quakes is expected to skyrocket during this event, rising from several hundred per day right now to 10,000 earthquakes within a 24-hour period as magma flows out of the seafloor volcano, according to Interesting Engineering. Mike Poland, a scientist at the Yellowstone Volcano Observatory, expressed excitement about the eruption, highlighting Axial Seamount as one of the world's best-monitored submarine volcanoes. 'This particular volcano is probably the best-monitored submarine volcano in the world,' he told Cowboy State Daily. 'It's fascinating and doesn't really pose a hazard.' Situated along the Juan de Fuca Ridge, a chain of undersea volcanoes extending between Oregon and Alaska, Axial Seamount is a young shield volcano - a broader volcano with a low profile. 'When Axial Seamount erupts, it'll look a lot like a Hawaiian lava flow eruption,' Poland said. 'It's not an explosive eruption, but calm effusions of lava flowing out of the caldera and across the seafloor.' Scientists warned last year that Axial Seamount was going to erupt by the end of 2025. 'Because it's had these three eruptions in the last 30 years, that's why we call it the most active volcano in the Pacific Northwest, because most of the ones on land aren't active that frequently, and they spend a lot of their time slumbering, whereas Axial has a pretty active magma supply,' Chadwick told local CBS affiliate KOIN 6 News. 'So, if it's not erupting, it's inflating and getting ready for the next one. And so that's why we're kind of monitoring what's happening to it all the time.' Eruptions from Axial Seamount were recorded in 1998, 2011, and 2015, and the volcano has undoubtedly erupted numerous times prior to those events, according to Poland. In November 2024, Oregon State University geophysicist William Chadwick started investigating the volcano when he noticed its surface had swelled to nearly the same height it reached before its last eruption 10 years ago. The swelling that occurred prior to the 2015 eruption allowed Chadwick and his colleagues to predict that event. This time, their observations told them that Axial Seamount would erupt before the end of 2025. 'Based on the current trends, and the assumption that Axial will be primed to erupt when it reaches the 2015 inflation threshold, our current eruption forecast window is between now (July 2024) and the end of 2025,' the researchers reported. They also found that seismic activity at Axial Seamount had increased, with hundreds of earthquakes generated around the volcano per day and earthquake swarms greater than 500 per day. Frequent, small earthquakes like these can signal that magma locked beneath the ocean floor is creeping closer to the surface. The team shared their findings at the annual American Geophysical Union conference in December 2024. Wilcock noted that the first sign that an eruption from this volcano is imminent would be a sharp increase in the number of earthquakes around it - which the area is now experiencing. 'That period lasts about an hour, and then the magma reaches the surface,' Wilcock said in a statement last month. After that, 'the seismic activity dies down pretty quickly over the next few days, but the eruption will continue slowly for about a month,' he added. This impending eruption will be a major research opportunity for Wilcock and other scientists, who plan to use a suite of high-tech instruments to monitor the eruption from start to finish. The University of Washington's College of the Environment hosts one of the largest underwater observatories in the world, comprised of networks of sensors along the seafloor and throughout the ocean waters. When Axial Seamount finally erupts, Wilcock and his colleagues will use this array to gather data and images of the event as it unfolds. Even though Axial is not a dangerous undersea volcano, the forecasting capabilities scientists have gained from studying it could help them predict eruptions from those that are. For example, in January 2022, an extremely powerful eruption of the Hunga underwater volcano in the Tonga archipelago in the southern Pacific Ocean triggered a tsunami that caused an estimated $90 billion in damages. This massive wave impacted California, Hawaii, and parts of Canada, Chile, Fiji, Japan, New Zealand, Mexico and Peru. The West Coast won't have to worry about Axial causing an event like that. But its eruption will provide an opportunity for scientists to learn more about how these powerful geological structures work - and now it could come at any time.
Yahoo
08-05-2025
- Science
- Yahoo
An underwater volcano off the coast of Oregon may be about to erupt
About 300 miles off the coast of Oregon, an underwater volcano appears to be rumbling to life. Scientists who have been monitoring the vast submarine volcano for decades say a flurry of recent activity — including an uptick in earthquakes in the vicinity, and swelling of the structure itself — signals that it's ready to erupt. Current forecasts project that the volcano, known as Axial Seamount, could erupt anytime between now and the end of the year, according to Bill Chadwick, a volcanologist and research professor at Oregon State University. Chadwick and colleagues at the University of Washington and the University of North Carolina Wilmington have been using a network of sensors on the seafloor to eavesdrop on the volcano. Over the past few months, the instruments have picked up clues that Axial Seamount is stirring. In late March and early April, for instance, researchers were recording more than 1,000 earthquakes a day. The volcano has also been steadily swelling, a telltale sign that it's filling with molten rock, Chadwick said. 'This volcano is similar to the ones in Hawaii that erupt very fluid lavas,' he said. 'They tend to inflate like a balloon in between eruptions. At Axial, the seafloor is actually rising, and that's a big signal.' But unlike some of Hawaii's volcanoes, there's no real danger to humans if Axial Seamount does blow. In addition to being hundreds of miles offshore, the peak is submerged about a mile deep underwater. The volcano is remote enough that even a strong eruption would be undetectable on land. 'There's no explosion or anything, so it would really have no impact on people,' Chadwick said. 'Even if you were out on a boat right over the seamount when it's erupting, you probably would never know it.' But that doesn't mean the eruption wouldn't be a spectacular event. During Axial Seamount's last eruption in 2015, an enormous amount of magma poured out of the volcano, including one lava flow that was about 450 feet thick, according to researchers. 'For reference, that's about two-thirds the height of the Space Needle in Seattle,' Chadwick said. 'That's a lot of lava.' Axial Seamount formed on what's known as a hot spot, where plumes of molten rock rise from Earth's mantle into the crust. This geological process is not uncommon: Hot spot volcanoes dot the seafloor, and some even create island chains like Hawaii and Samoa. But what does make Axial Seamount unusual is that it is located right at the boundary between the Pacific plate and the Juan de Fuca plate, two giant tectonic plates that are moving apart. The separation of the plates, and the resulting pressure beneath the seafloor, is constantly fueling volcanic activity and producing fresh ocean crust in the region. Chadwick has been tracking activity at Axial Seamount for the past 30 years. Over that period, the volcano has erupted three times: in 1998, 2011 and 2015. As he and his colleagues wait for an impending eruption, they are testing whether repeating patterns of activity at Axial Seamount can produce reliable predictions of when the underwater volcano is ready to go off. But eruption forecasting is a notoriously tricky business. Volcanoes can behave in unpredictable ways, and depending on the type, they can exhibit very different warning signs. 'It's much harder than forecasting the weather, even though the weather is a very difficult thing to forecast already,' said Scott Nooner, a professor of geophysics at the University of North Carolina Wilmington. 'There's still so much that we don't understand about what triggers eruptions and how magma moves around underneath the Earth's surface.' Scientists have had some success with short-term forecasts — usually mere hours ahead of an eruption — that have helped local officials decide whether to evacuate areas or take other precautions. Longer-term forecasts, however, have remained challenging. That's what makes Axial Seamount such a good natural laboratory for refining tools for eruption forecasting, according to Nooner. 'On land, if you make a forecast that a volcano is going to erupt in a week or a month and you're wrong, you've cost people a lot of money and time and worry,' he said. 'But we don't have to worry about that at Axial Seamount because these eruptions don't impact anyone. So it's a nice way to test our models, test our forecast and hold ourselves accountable, but without the same repercussions as with volcanoes on land.' This article was originally published on
Bloomberg
08-05-2025
- Science
- Bloomberg
Many US Cities Are Sinking. But In Texas, It's Worse
Cities across the US are sinking, and the problem is most pronounced in Texas, according to a new study. The research, which examined 28 cities and was published in science journal Nature on Thursday, found all of them were affected by subsidence, a geological phenomenon that increases their exposure to disasters like floods and earthquakes. Urban centers in Texas are among those sinking the most and have some of the largest numbers of buildings facing potential dangers, according to the report.
