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Scientists create ultra-repellent non-stick coating for safer cooking at home
Scientists create ultra-repellent non-stick coating for safer cooking at home

Yahoo

time4 days ago

  • Science
  • Yahoo

Scientists create ultra-repellent non-stick coating for safer cooking at home

Teflon and other PFAS (per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances) have long been prized for making cookware, packaging, and fabrics resistant to water and grease. But these 'forever chemicals' don't break down in nature and tend to accumulate in the human body, posing serious health and environmental risks. Now, researchers at the University of Toronto have created a promising alternative that delivers high performance with much lower risk. Their new coating repels water and oil as effectively as standard non-stick materials, but contains only trace amounts of the least harmful PFAS variant. Silicone base with PFAS twist The team used polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), commonly known as silicone, as the base for their new material. 'PDMS is often sold under the name silicone, and depending on how it's formulated, it can be very biocompatible — in fact it's often used in devices that are meant to be implanted into the body,' said Professor Kevin Golovin, who leads the Durable Repellent Engineered Advanced Materials (DREAM) Lab. However, PDMS on its own falls short of matching PFAS when it comes to repelling oil and grease. The breakthrough came when PhD student Samuel Au developed a method to enhance the material's performance through what the team calls nanoscale fletching. Nanoscale fletching for repellency 'Unlike typical silicone, we bond short chains of PDMS to a base material — you can think of them like bristles on a brush,' Au explained. To improve their oil-repelling power, the team added the shortest possible PFAS molecule, consisting of a single carbon atom bonded to three fluorine atoms, to the tips of those bristles. 'If you were able to shrink down to the nanometre scale, it would look a bit like the feathers that you see around the back end of an arrow, where it notches to the bow. That's called fletching, so this is nanoscale fletching.' When the researchers tested the coated fabric with oil droplets, the material achieved a grade of 6 on a standard repellency scale used by the American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists. That's on par with many commercial PFAS-based coatings. Low risk, commercial potential 'While we did use a PFAS molecule in this process, it is the shortest possible one and therefore does not bioaccumulate,' said Golovin. 'What we've seen in the literature, and even in the regulations, is that it's the longest-chain PFAS that are getting banned first, with the shorter ones considered much less harmful.' 'Our hybrid material provides the same performance as what had been achieved with long-chain PFAS, but with greatly reduced risk.' The team hopes to collaborate with manufacturers to scale up the process and bring the product to market. Meanwhile, research continues. 'The holy grail of this field would be a substance that outperforms Teflon, but with no PFAS at all,' Golovin said. 'We're not quite there yet, but this is an important step in the right direction.' The study is published in the journal Nature Communications. Solve the daily Crossword

Prime Day Deal: I've Finally Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now
Prime Day Deal: I've Finally Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now

CNET

time10-07-2025

  • Business
  • CNET

Prime Day Deal: I've Finally Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now

Amazon Prime Day Deal: The Presto 07062 electric griddle is available for $49 -- a discount of 30% or $21 -- as part of Amazon's Prime Day sale. Although it's more expensive than some other electric griddles, its durability means you'll get more bang for your buck. Nonstick electric griddles and I are frenemies. No matter how much I avoid metal cooking utensils, scratches inevitably render each griddle's nonstick surface unusable within five years. That is, until I found the Presto 07062 Electric Griddle. The last time I retired a griddle, I replaced it with this pricier ceramic model, and that Presto product has been a scratch-free cornerstone of my kitchen ever since. Its staying power makes it an easy recommendation for folks seeking a great gift for themselves or for another home cook. Looking for more deals? CNET Deals texts are free, easy and save you money. The durable nonstick coating is what makes this a long-lasting kitchen appliance Over the last five years, I've seen my cast-aluminum Presto ceramic griddle take a beating without losing its nonstick properties, and its performance easily outshines its few flaws. The biggest shortcoming is that the textured ceramic cooking surface has tiny channels that love to absorb oil. (Even nonstick cookware works best with a little oil.) With enough time and heat, this trapped oil cooks onto the griddle surface above the heating elements and spreads from there. Regular cleaning only slows the oil's progress across your griddle, so this isn't the best fit if you prefer your cookware to look as pristine as the day you bought it. I'll admit that some blame lies with me -- I could've deep-cleaned it more often by making a baking soda paste mentioned by the manufacturer. It really does work, but it's a long process compared to a quick wash in the sink. But despite the battle-worn appearance of my griddle, I haven't noticed a decline in nonstick performance due to the oil deposits forming a coating that's not unlike the seasoning on a cast-iron griddle. (I can't vouch for intentionally seasoning this Presto griddle, but my accidental results suggest that it's possible.) John Carlsen/CNET At the end of the day, I can't complain about its cooking performance relative to other electric griddles I've used. And the durability of its nonstick ceramic surface means it will likely outlast other, less expensive options. For more ways to upgrade your kitchen at a discount, check out our list of the best Prime Day appliance deals.

Prime Day Deal: Finally, I Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now
Prime Day Deal: Finally, I Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now

CNET

time10-07-2025

  • Business
  • CNET

Prime Day Deal: Finally, I Found an Unscratchable Electric Griddle, and It's 30% Off Now

Amazon Prime Day Deal: The Presto 07062 electric griddle is available for $49 -- a discount of 30% or $21 off its usual price -- as part of Amazon's Prime Day sale. Although it's more expensive than some other electric griddles, its durability means you'll get more for your money. Nonstick electric griddles and I are frenemies. No matter how much I avoid metal cooking utensils, scratches inevitably render each griddle's nonstick surface unusable within five years. That is, until I found the Presto 07062 Electric Griddle. The last time I retired a griddle, I replaced it with this pricier ceramic model, and that Presto product has been a scratch-free cornerstone of my kitchen ever since. Its staying power makes it an easy recommendation for folks seeking a great gift for themselves or for another home cook. Looking for more deals? CNET Deals texts are free, easy and save you money. The durable nonstick coating is what makes this a long-lasting kitchen appliance Over the last five years, I've seen my cast-aluminum Presto ceramic griddle take a beating without losing its nonstick properties, and its performance easily outshines its few flaws. The biggest shortcoming is that the textured ceramic cooking surface has tiny channels that love to absorb oil. (Even nonstick cookware works best with a little oil.) With enough time and heat, this trapped oil cooks onto the griddle surface above the heating elements and spreads from there. Regular cleaning only slows the oil's progress across your griddle, so this isn't the best fit if you prefer your cookware to look as pristine as the day you bought it. I'll admit that some blame lies with me -- I could've deep-cleaned it more often by making a baking soda paste mentioned by the manufacturer. It really does work, but it's a long process compared to a quick wash in the sink. But despite the battle-worn appearance of my griddle, I haven't noticed a decline in nonstick performance due to the oil deposits forming a coating that's not unlike the seasoning on a cast-iron griddle. (I can't vouch for intentionally seasoning this Presto griddle, but my accidental results suggest that it's possible.) John Carlsen/CNET At the end of the day, I can't complain about its cooking performance relative to other electric griddles I've used. And the durability of its nonstick ceramic surface means it will likely outlast other, less expensive options. For more ways to upgrade your kitchen at a discount, check out our list of the best Prime Day appliance deals.

Pocket Almost $1,000 With Up to 30% Off Caraway Cookware Sets for Prime Day
Pocket Almost $1,000 With Up to 30% Off Caraway Cookware Sets for Prime Day

CNET

time09-07-2025

  • Business
  • CNET

Pocket Almost $1,000 With Up to 30% Off Caraway Cookware Sets for Prime Day

CNET often recognizes Caraway's ceramic-coated cookware as one of the best ceramic cookware sets available, and for good reason. The pieces are stylish, easy to clean and are often preferred over traditional non-stick pans. Caraway's sets are currently up to 30% off during Prime Day deals, and Amazon is also offering certain sets and individual pieces from the brand for up to 25% off. In addition to Caraway's sale prices, you can also get an additional 20% off when you spend $875. So, while the largest set -- made up of 31 pieces -- is quite the investment, you can save nearly $1,000 today, making the total price for the entire set $1,408, which is one of the lowest prices we've ever seen. However, if you're not ready for that type of purchase, the smallest cookware set available -- made up of three pans, one Dutch oven and matching lids -- is 30% off for a savings of $190. Hey, did you know? CNET Deals texts are free, easy and save you money. In addition to the cookware and bakeware sets, many of the food storage sets and knife and utensil sets are also on sale, so if you've been wanting to get your hands on certain Caraway products, now is your chance to do so with huge savings. With ceramic cookware, you have the benefits of non-stick without having to worry about the Teflon coating on traditional non-stick pans. Plus, they are also oven-safe for up to 550 degrees Fahrenheit. Caraway's cookware sets are free of PTFE, PFOA, PFAS and heavy metals, but they are often much more expensive than non-stick pans, so you will notice quite the difference between the two price tags. Why this deal matters If you're in need of a new cookware set and are interested in ceramic cookware, you're not likely to find a better deal than this one. Although the sets are on the more expensive side, we've found in our use of the cookware that the pieces are durable and built to last, so we believe they are a worthwhile investment. Plus, with an array of colors, you're sure to find a set that fits your style.

Toxic truth? The cookware craze redefining ‘ceramic' and ‘nontoxic'
Toxic truth? The cookware craze redefining ‘ceramic' and ‘nontoxic'

The Guardian

time09-06-2025

  • Entertainment
  • The Guardian

Toxic truth? The cookware craze redefining ‘ceramic' and ‘nontoxic'

The cookware industry has entered a golden age, largely driven by the wild success of a new generation of 'nontoxic' and 'nonstick' designer ceramic pans backed by stars including Selena Gomez, Stanley Tucci and Oprah Winfrey. The Guardian's journalism is independent. We will earn a commission if you buy something through an affiliate link. Learn more. But the pans are likely not 'nontoxic' some independent testing and research suggests. Nor are they even 'ceramic' – at least not in the way the public broadly thinks of ceramics. Now, regulators are investigating some of the pan sellers' claims. On Instagram, TikTok and their marketing materials, the social media-savvy cookware brands promise 'enchantment', and 'non-toxic materials and thoughtful design' that 'prioritizes the health and safety of you and your family'. In fact, no legal definition for 'nontoxic' or 'ceramic' exists, and the marketing has drawn greenwashing accusations exacerbated by the companies concealing their pans' ingredients. And the blockbuster sellers like Our Place's Always Pan, Caraway and GreenPan are typically made with a material that thinly coats an aluminum substrate and is characterized in one study as 'quasi-ceramic'. Meanwhile, independent testing and research suggests quasi-ceramics may contain toxins like titanium dioxide, siloxanes, lead and mercury. The claims are eliciting regulatory scrutiny. The state of Washington recently ordered quasi-ceramic producers to submit their nonstick ingredients to the state's ecology department as it attempts to learn which chemicals cookware companies are using to replace Teflon or other toxic Pfas, or 'forever chemicals'. The order is about 'transparency', said Marissa Smith, a senior toxicologist with the Washington department of ecology. 'It's challenging for regulators to know when we're moving to safe alternatives, but it's also hard for families who want to buy safer products,' Smith said. 'There's this fundamental challenge of figuring out what's in our products and having the data to make those decisions.' The nonstick, quasi-ceramics have in part quickly blown up because, their producers claim, they cracked the 'nontoxic/nonstick' code. Prior to 2019, nonstick pans largely used toxic Pfas, a class of chemicals that are among the most toxic man-made substances, and linked to cancer and a range of other serious health problems. The quasi-ceramic, design-forward pans with color palettes like 'spice' and a millennial aesthetic burst onto a market ripe for an alternative. Their launches coincided with the rise of wellness culture and the pandemic's outset. With people forced to cook at home and on social media, the cookware became Instagram sensations – Caraway's monthly ecommerce sales jumped 390% between January and May 2020. Celebrity involvement also fueled the quick ascents: Selena Gomez, Tan France, Gwyneth Paltrow, Stanley Tucci and Drew Barrymore now have their own quasi-ceramic pan lines. Gigi Hadid and Kate Hudson promoted their Caraways in the media. Always Pan's order backlog hit 30,000 early on. GreenPan made Oprah's 2024 Favorite Things list, and Caraway's profits grew over 500% between 2020 and 2023. Throughout, the companies have relentlessly touted their products as 'nontoxic'. Ceramic cookware dates back at least 15,000 years. The concept evolved across cultures – the medieval British pipkin, the ancient Roman testum and the Wampanoag Native American decorated pots. Throughout the ages, the basic formula remained the same: some mix of clay, silica and minerals fired at a high heat to create a solid piece. The new quasi-ceramics are something else. The producers use some variation of a material called 'sol-gel' developed in the 1970s, a mix of silica, metals and chemicals. The material is sprayed onto an aluminum substrate – the pan is not quasi-ceramic all the way through. The companies won't tell the public what else is in the pans, and their formulas are shielded by confidential business information laws, making it very difficult to verify their claims. The uncertainty alone raises suspicions among some public health advocates, but sleuthing of peer-reviewed research, legal documents, patents and regulatory documents around the pans raises more questions than answers, and points toward the use of toxic chemicals. Still, Caraway states: 'We believe in full transparency with regard to our products, so we're happy to share testing reports with anyone via email to prove just how safe our products are.' In an email to the Guardian, it declined to share the formula: 'The formulation of Caraway's ceramic cooking surfaces is proprietary.' Responding in 2022 to I Read Labels For You, a consumer protection site that questioned the pan producers' non-toxicity claims, Always Pan maker Our Place conceded the products are not ceramic, but a 'ceramic precursor' with a different formula. 'We are heating it at a lower temperature, it never gets to that ceramic state,' Always Pan wrote. 'Ceramic is totally inorganic whereas our sol-gel has organic and inorganic substances. The inorganic material is glass/silica. The organic material is an organic polymer.' In an email to the Guardian, Our Place said its pans' materials are 'similar in feel to traditional ceramics', and are made with 'a sand-based material, which is why it's commonly referred to as 'ceramic''. It did not immediately respond to a question about why it's marketed as ceramic if it's admittedly not ceramic. The distinction is in part important because the surfaces can potentially melt at heat above 260C (500F), increasing the risk of chemicals leaching into food. The pans have also been reported to wear down and lose their nonstick coating sometimes within months of purchase. True ceramic can withstand much higher heat and is far more durable. Other quasi-ceramic producers use a similar material, all of which include polymers. Polymers may mean any of tens of thousands of chemicals, including Pfas, which the sol-gel patent even details. Applying nonstick organic polymers may also create toxic monomer byproducts, Smith noted, but it's impossible to know without having the pan makers' ingredients. Nonstick can linings can create toxic bisphenol-A, for example. A 2019 lawsuit alleged GreenPan's '0% toxins' claim represented false advertising. Citing GreenPan's patent, the suit alleged the pans contained silane, aluminum oxide, tetraethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, and potassium titanate. Regulators classify some of these as hazardous, but the suit was dismissed, though the settlement's terms are unclear. GreenPan has denied using aluminum oxide. It did not respond to a request for comment. Smith said the state of Washington is concerned companies may be using siloxane, a chemical family often used to replace Pfas in consumer goods, but which sometimes pose similar risks. One industry study compared the performance of nonstick properties of siloxanes to Pfas in quasi-ceramic pans, finding Pfas worked better. Independent testing by the consumer protection site Lead Safe Mama detected high levels of titanium in GreenPan, Always Pan and Caraway, pointing to the use of titanium dioxide nanoparticles. A 2016 study also identified titanium dioxide in quasi-ceramic pans, and showed how it can migrate into food. The toxic substance is banned in the European Union for use in food, but not cookware. It's a potential carcinogen that accumulates in organs and is linked to neurotoxicity, intestinal inflammation and other health impacts. Caraway in 2024 acknowledged using nanoparticles, though they didn't say which. But, it claimed without supporting evidence, that the levels it uses doesn't cause health risks. All told, there's evidence that the pans could contain such ingredients as titanium dioxide, lead, mercury, cadmium, siloxanes, potentially toxic monomer byproducts and other unknown substances. Even if the levels of individual toxins are low, there's no research into the health effects of all the toxins combined migrating into food, which raises a whole new set of questions. Caraway in a statement to the Guardian said the company could not 'speak to the conduct or quality of any testing that is not its own'. 'Caraway is proud of the products we have developed and the progress made towards a cleaner home for our customers, there is still much to be done,' the statement added. Public health advocates say the uncertainty is a red flag, and forcing consumers to 'go through tests and patents' to know what they're buying is 'absolutely ridiculous,' said Laurie Valeriano, executive director of the Toxic Free Future non-profit, which has raised concerns about quasi-ceramics. 'It shouldn't be up to consumers to sleuth and try to figure out the ingredients in pans so they can protect the health of themselves and their families,' Valeriano added. Maryland-based Xtrema is one of very few companies producing ceramic pans as they have been traditionally made. Production takes up to 25 days, said owner Rich Bergstrom and produces a solid ceramic piece that can withstand high levels of heat. Companies passing off a softer sol-gel coating as true ceramic 'irks me – it drives me crazy', Bergstrom said. He called it a 'false term', and said it's being 'manipulated from a marketing standpoint to give you the impression that it's ceramic'. Some of the pans also contain lead, testing Lead Safe Mama's Tamara Rubin found. The lids and cooking surfaces of the Always Pan and Caraway showed some of the toxin, which she said suggests aluminum substrates and pieces are to blame. Rubin also found mercury in the Caraway and antimony throughout GreenPan. Caraway still advertises 'metals free', and GreenPan states its products 'lack harmful chemicals and toxins'. Rubin is a polarizing figure for her generally absolutist positions on lead – if a product contains the substance, she recommends against it. This is the most protective approach, but companies and regulators point out that lead is naturally occurring and widespread in the environment, often found at low levels in ceramics' clay, as well as foods. They claim 'trace' levels of lead are OK, especially if it's not in a food contact surface. But there's no definition for 'trace'. No federal limits for lead in ceramic cookware exist. If lead in a ceramic piece isn't leaching at the time a consumer buys it, then there isn't a problem, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) told the Guardian in 2022. However, there's no testing or oversight program, or assurance it doesn't leach once it's scratched, chipped or worn. The FDA has done little to scrutinize cookware materials throughout the decades because it's chronically underfunded and understaffed, said Tom Neltner, director of the Unleaded Kids no-nprofit, who has legally pressured the FDA to act on leaded food materials: 'With all the things coming into the agency, they have not looked at all these lead issues, and there's no public scrutiny of their priorities.' However, the state of Washington is implementing the nation's first limits directly addressing cookware – 90 parts per million (ppm) next year, and 10ppm by 2028. Rubin found levels as high as 70ppm in the Always Pan. Rubin in 2018 also found lead, cadmium and other metals like cobalt in Xtrema pieces, and advises against them for that reason. Bergstrom said he eliminated the highest sources of lead, like the logo on the pan's bottom. He also noted Rubin's testing looks for the presence of lead, but not whether it leaches into food. True ceramic pans are less of a leach risk because the material is more solid than quasi-ceramic, Bergstrom claims. His pans have passed California's Proposition 65 leach tests of new products, and he also pointed to testing that showed no lead leaching from an Xtrema pan that had been used for several years.

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