
‘We know it's wrong, but they're trying to make a living,' say families of arrested illegal miners
Angry Barberton community members have called for the release of the alleged illegal miners who were arrested at the Sheba Mine shaft on Friday.
At least 1 000 alleged illegal miners were arrested during Operation Vala Umgodi, which disrupted the illegal mining operations, resulting in some of them resurfacing.
'It has been discovered through the operation that most of the miners, if not all, are foreign nationals without valid documentation to be in the country,' said Mpumalanga police spokesperson Brigadier Donald Mdhluli.
'It was also discovered that some of these miners could be underage, hence police are working in conjunction with officials from the Department of Home Affairs, the Department of Minerals and Energy, the National Prosecution Authority, as well as other law enforcement agencies.'
ALSO READ: Nearly 1 000 undocumented illegal miners retrieved from MP mine
On Monday, 494 of the alleged illegal miners appeared in the Baberton Magistrate's Court facing a charge of Contravention of the Immigration Act and trespassing.
The case was postponed to Thursday, 7 August, for them to get legal representation.
Illegal miners' families: 'Release them'
Families of the suspects and some community members gathered outside the court in support of the illegal miners, calling for their release.
Speaking to Newzroom Afrika, the community members called for free bail, saying they could not afford to bail their loved ones.
ALSO READ: PICS: Over 100 suspects arrested in illegal mining crackdown in North West and Limpopo
'I am heartbroken. These fathers are trying to make a living for themselves; they have IDs and passports, but they don't get employed. Now they're trying to make a living. The scourge of house breaking, rapes and murders is now low because of these men who are trying to make a living for themselves,' said one of the women who spoke to the news channel.
'How will they survive if they are getting arrested? We request free bail because these men do not have money. They went in yesterday and got arrested. They don't have money. It means once they are released, they must start from scratch. Can they release them on free bail because we do not have money to pay their bail.'
Another one said, though they knew illegal mining was wrong, the men did not have many options and needed to make a living.
ALSO READ: 'The smell of death was everywhere' – Stilfontein mine volunteers recount rescue mission
'They arrested our brothers and husbands. As the community of Bartberton, we are struggling with employment because they tell us we have criminal records because of the issue of trespassing. We are struggling and unemployment. We cannot rely on the R350 and R500 grants. They are trying to make a living. We know it's wrong, but today we are requesting free bail because we do not have money to bail them out.'
Barberton crime
Mdhluli contradicted the community member who claimed crime was down in the community due to these men making a living through illegal mining.
He said the crime was high in the area due to the illegal miners.
'There is a mine that is operating legally, and on the side, there are others conducting illegal mining. Barberton has been a lot of challenges in terms of criminality, with illicit mining, firearms coming on board. And these firearms are the ones that are used to take the lives of people around the area. So we need to deal with crime without fear or favour.'
He said there were more miners underground who refused to resurface.
NOW READ : Illegal mining underneath Snake Road
Hashtags

Try Our AI Features
Explore what Daily8 AI can do for you:
Comments
No comments yet...
Related Articles


Daily Maverick
5 hours ago
- Daily Maverick
After 36 years as a stateless person, Primrose Modisane is finally a South African
After 36 years as a stateless person, Primrose Modisane finally collected her South African birth certificate from the Department of Home Affairs, ending a 17-year fight for justice and personhood. Opening a bank account, accessing public healthcare or having your name on your children's birth certificate are everyday, mundane things that millions of South Africans take for granted. However, for Primrose Modisane, these simple formalities were impossible for 17 years because the Department of Home Affairs did not recognise her as a South African citizen. Years of trekking to Home Affairs' offices in Germiston, a documentary about her struggles living as a stateless person, multiple DNA tests, an address to Parliament's home affairs committee and even a court order from the Gauteng Division of the High Court in Pretoria in April, compelling Home Affairs to recognise her as a citizen, did not help. Modisane remained stateless. That was until the Home Affairs called Modisane's employer, Sophia Welz, on Monday, 4 August to inform her that the birth certificate was ready for collection, more than four months after the court ordered the department to register her citizenship, her birth, and to issue her birth certificate and identity document within 30 days. 'When we got the call, Prim just fell to the ground; she could not believe it was finally happening. She just collapsed,' Welz told Daily Maverick on Tuesday, 5 August. Modisane discovered that she was undocumented in 2008, when she was in Grade 11 and had applied for her ID to write her matric exams. While she was born in Zimbabwe when her mother moved there from South Africa, her birth was never registered. After moving back to South Africa with her parents in 1998 to live with her grandmother in Vosloorus, her birth was still not registered because of a legal technicality that required a person to be registered in the place of their birth. A moment of recognition Daily Maverick was at Home Affairs' Germiston office on Tuesday and watched as an official handed Modisane her official birth certificate. Surrounded by her family, Welz and her supporters, Modisane held on to the document and smiled from ear to ear, overjoyed that she had finally been recognised as a South African citizen. 'I have got my birth certificate. I can see my name is on it and my surname like this, is my paper that I am holding in my hand,' Modisane told Daily Maverick, giggling with glee. 'It will take time for me to believe that this is really happening today.' Modisane said the first thing she would do, now that she had been recognised as a South African citizen, would be to open a bank account, have her name added to her children's birth certificates and register her youngest child for school.'Then I will go to my mother's grave and tell her that this suffering is finally over,' she said. Welz, who has fought alongside Modisane for several years, said that she, her family and her father, former Constitutional Court Justice Johann Kriegler, were grateful that the first step had been taken to give Modisane the dignity and opportunity she deserved. 'Just seeing the smile on her gogo's face was more than we can say. Now is a chance to put her life together, to go and get her bank account, to go and get on her first flight, to get her driver's licence, to vote. There are so many opportunities now. This means everything,' Welz said. Daily Maverick spoke to Modisane's grandmother, Barbara Modisane, as she waited for her granddaughter to collect her birth certificate. Speaking in Setswana, Barbara said, 'I am content, I am at peace. We have been fighting this battle for so long, and now we can finally rest.' Justice delayed Going to Home Affairs' offices in Germiston was not the original plan. After waiting for more than four months for Home Affairs to comply with the court order, Modisane and her supporters planned to hold a media conference to shed light on her struggles. Daily Maverick visited Modisane, Welz and Justice Kriegler at their home in the heart of Johannesburg on Monday as they prepared for the media conference where she was to share her years of 'struggle, humiliation and denial of basic rights, including healthcare, education, and financial freedom'. During the interview, Modisane detailed how her mother, who was also an undocumented South African citizen, died from cancer because she was denied medical care, a result of her being undocumented. Modisane shared how she struggled to register her two children's birth because she was not recognised as a citizen, and how she could not finish school because of her documentation status. 'I don't know what I would have done if I were allowed to finish matric, but I know I would have furthered my studies. I was bright in school, but I wasn't given the opportunity to see how far I could go in life,' Modisane said. Justice Kriegler, one of the first judges appointed to the Constitutional Court, said that it was a miscarriage of justice that Home Affairs failed to comply with the order in the time frame stipulated by the court. 'I had assured this young woman that the law would see her right, and I had faith in the law. I lived the law my whole life. To realise that the Department of Home Affairs did not listen to the court left me profoundly disappointed and disenchanted.' Mere hours after the interview, Home Affairs called to say her birth certificate was ready. Even now that Home Affairs has finally complied with the order, Justice Kriegler cannot help but feel disappointment. 'This should never have taken this long. It should not take a court order and the threat of a media briefing for a South African citizen to be acknowledged in her own country. While we celebrate this development, we must also reflect on the many other individuals who remain stateless and unheard, and recommit to ensuring that no one else is forced to fight this hard for something that should be automatic and just,' he said in a subsequent media release. Responding to Daily Maverick's inquiry into why it took the department four months to comply with the court order, Thulani Mavuso, spokesperson for the Department of Home Affairs and Deputy Director-General of Operations, said: 'Registration of the birth of the applicant was concluded after the period stipulated by the court because of legal consultations the Department had to undertake in light of the lack of documentation required for foreign births, as per Regulations on the South African Citizenship Act, 1995, as amended. Before the court judgment, the applicant had submitted an application for foreign birth without the required full birth certificate, verified by the country of origin (Zimbabwe).' Statelessness remains a prevalent and under-recognised problem in South Africa. There is no dedicated mechanism for identifying statelessness and no official statistics for statelessness exist. It has been estimated that at least 10,000 people in South Africa are stateless. Thandeka Chauke, a statelessness expert for Catalyst for Change, said that women were disproportionately affected, which resulted in intergenerational cycles of legal invisibility. 'In Primrose's family, four generations have been impacted. It's a stark reminder of how bureaucratic inertia can hollow out the promise of constitutional rights. That she received her first identity document only at the age of 36, and only after relentless advocacy, a parliamentary briefing and a court order, is unconscionable,' Chauke said 'As we mark Women's Month and reflect on the legacy of the march against apartheid pass laws, we are reminded that documentation is not just about legal formality; it is a gateway to dignity and belonging 'South Africa's legal framework is strong, and the Department of Home Affairs has shown its willingness to act in complex cases. Continued investment in training, sensitisation and implementation can help ensure that many others in similar situations are assisted more swiftly and compassionately,' she said. DM

IOL News
8 hours ago
- IOL News
Zama Zamas - a ticking time bomb
The police inspect the Stilfontein mine, in the North West Province, where illegal mining is rife. Armed criminal syndicates frequently control zama zama operations, leading to an increase in violent crime, including gunfights, turf wars, and attacks on law enforcement. Image: Timothy Bernard / Independent Newspapers Illegal mining, driven by zama zamas — illegal or artisanal miners who exploit abandoned or active mines — has become one of the most urgent threats to South Africa's public safety, national security, and economic stability. With thousands of miners working in secret underground shafts, the illicit activity is fueling crime, endangering communities, and severely damaging the environment. The severity of the crisis was underscored in a recent raid at Sheba Gold Mine in Barberton, where nearly 500 illegal miners were arrested during Operation Vala Umgodi, a government initiative aimed at cracking down on illegal mining. Authorities believe more than 1,000 zama zamas were operating in the mine before the operation began. Roughly 400 are still believed to be underground, resisting law enforcement efforts to bring them to the surface. Video Player is loading. Play Video Play Unmute Current Time 0:00 / Duration -:- Loaded : 0% Stream Type LIVE Seek to live, currently behind live LIVE Remaining Time - 0:00 This is a modal window. Beginning of dialog window. Escape will cancel and close the window. Text Color White Black Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Background Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Opaque Semi-Transparent Transparent Window Color Black White Red Green Blue Yellow Magenta Cyan Transparency Transparent Semi-Transparent Opaque Font Size 50% 75% 100% 125% 150% 175% 200% 300% 400% Text Edge Style None Raised Depressed Uniform Dropshadow Font Family Proportional Sans-Serif Monospace Sans-Serif Proportional Serif Monospace Serif Casual Script Small Caps Reset restore all settings to the default values Done Close Modal Dialog End of dialog window. Advertisement Next Stay Close ✕ Ad loading But Sheba is not an isolated case. Illegal mining is widespread across South Africa, particularly in areas rich in gold, platinum, and other minerals. Known hotspots include Dooronkop Mine near Slovoville in Soweto, Randfontein, Krugersdorp, Barberton, Rustenburg, Welkom, Carletonville, the East Rand, and Bloemfontein in the Free State. Smaller towns like Vaal Reef and Witbank have also reported growing illegal mining activity. Mining experts estimate that more than 120 000 zama zamas are currently operating across the country. Many work in disused or abandoned mines, where law enforcement presence is minimal, and entry points are largely unsecured. These makeshift mining operations are not only illegal but also extremely dangerous—miners often dig without proper equipment, safety gear, or ventilation, leading to frequent tunnel collapses and deaths. A National Crisis Posing Grave Risks The risks posed by illegal mining extend far beyond those underground. Armed criminal syndicates frequently control zama zama operations, leading to an increase in violent crime, including gunfights, turf wars, and attacks on law enforcement. Police report that many of these groups are heavily armed and deeply embedded in local communities, making enforcement both dangerous and complex. Illegal miners themselves are often victims of exploitation. Many are undocumented foreign nationals who are recruited or forced into the mines by crime networks. They work under harsh conditions for minimal or no pay, with no legal protections or recourse. Injuries and fatalities are common, and the bodies of deceased miners are frequently abandoned underground. The environmental toll is equally severe. Illegal mining operations typically use mercury and other harmful chemicals to extract gold, polluting nearby rivers and groundwater. Waste is dumped indiscriminately, causing soil erosion, vegetation loss, and long-term health risks to residents living near mining areas. In some regions, water sources once used for drinking and farming are now contaminated beyond recovery. Government Response and Community Impact In response, the South African government has stepped up operations through initiatives like Operation Vala Umgodi and proposed reforms under the National Mining Safety Act. The Department of Mineral Resources and Energy has also pledged to formalise parts of the small-scale mining sector in a bid to offer legal pathways and reduce the appeal of illegal operations. However, enforcement remains inconsistent, and progress is slow. Local police forces, especially in smaller towns, are often under-resourced and overwhelmed. Community leaders say zama zamas return shortly after raids end, reoccupying mines and continuing operations. Residents are caught in the crossfire, living in fear of armed groups and suffering from the collapse of local infrastructure, contaminated environments, and rising crime. Barberton, with its deep historical ties to gold mining, has become a flashpoint in the fight against illegal operations. Local officials have called for broader solutions that address the root causes of illegal mining—unemployment, poverty, and lack of economic opportunity. Community groups are urging government investment in legal mining initiatives, job creation programs, and stronger cross-border enforcement to curb the flow of undocumented miners. Without decisive, coordinated action, the threat posed by the estimated 120,000 zama zamas operating across South Africa is likely to intensify — further endangering lives, crippling ecosystems, and undermining lawful mining operations that contribute to the national economy.


The Citizen
9 hours ago
- The Citizen
Another 28 miners surface at Barberton's Sheba Mine
The illegal mining crisis in Barberton came under the spotlight again on Monday (August 4), when 28 more suspects were arrested after emerging from the depths of Sheba Mine. This brings the total number of illegal miners who have surfaced from the area to 546. According to Mpumalanga police spokesperson Brigadier Donald Mdhluli, mine security and law enforcement continue to monitor the situation, but the full extent remains unclear. ALSO READ: WATCH: About 1 000 suspected illegal miners arrested in Barberton 'The 28 suspects were arrested at the mine in Barberton, where 518 alleged illegal miners were taken into custody on Friday, bringing the total to 546. A firearm and ammunition were also recovered from one of the suspects, who will be charged accordingly,' he said. #sapsMP [UPDATE] Today, Monday 04/08, law enforcement agencies, arrested 24 suspects at the mine in Barberton where other illegal miners were arrested on Friday, adding the number to 518 in total. A firearm, with ammo, was also recovered from one of the arrested suspects.… — SA Police Service 🇿🇦 (@SAPoliceService) August 4, 2025 Mdhluli added that it remains difficult to determine how many people might still be underground. 'We'll keep monitoring. As we're not there physically, I can't confirm whether anyone remains underground. The lack of definitive information highlights the undercover nature of these operations and the challenges authorities face in tackling them,' he said. Meanwhile, the Barberton Magistrate's Court has granted bail of R2 000 each to 26 of the accused. The decision was based on several factors, including that they have no prior convictions, fixed addresses and no pending cases. They were strongly warned against reoffending while on bail. ALSO READ: Barberton Court grants bail to 26 suspected illegal miners The state has indicated it will oppose bail for the remaining accused who have previous convictions or pending cases. These individuals have been remanded in custody. The matter has been postponed to August 11 and 12 to allow for address verification and possible further bail applications. #sapsMP [DEVELOPING] Approximately 1000 (or even more) illegal immigrants were apprehended at a certain mine in Barberton today, Friday 01/08 during Operation Vala Umgodi. The collaboration between the National Roving team, K9 (Dog) Unit, Task Force, Vukalanga Security, members… — SA Police Service 🇿🇦 (@SAPoliceService) August 2, 2025