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Space photo of the week: Cotton candy clouds shine in one of Hubble's most beautiful images ever

Space photo of the week: Cotton candy clouds shine in one of Hubble's most beautiful images ever

Yahoo18-05-2025
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Quick facts
What it is: The Large Magellanic Cloud, the largest of the Milky Way's satellite galaxies
Where it is: 160,000 light-years away, in the constellations Dorado and Mensa
When it was shared: May 12, 2025
Why it's so special: If you need an excuse to visit the Southern Hemisphere, the Hubble Space Telescope has just provided one. This spectacular new image, taken with Hubble's Wide Field Camera 3, showcases the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), the biggest satellite galaxy of the Milky Way. It is visible only from the Southern Hemisphere.
This dense star field appears as a big, fuzzy patch in the night sky from anywhere in the Southern Hemisphere. Hubble's new view uses five filters to isolate different wavelengths of light, including ultraviolet and infrared light, which the human eye cannot see.
The result is a starry cloudscape of wispy gas that resembles multicolored cotton candy against a background of orange and blue stars. There's also a zoomable version available online.
Related: 42 jaw-dropping James Webb Space Telescope images
Despite being a dwarf galaxy, the LMC may be pivotal in the Milky Way's future. Within the next 10 billion years, our galaxy is expected to collide with Andromeda — a spiral galaxy 2.5 million light-years away and the nearest major galaxy to the Milky Way. In 2019, scientists predicted that the LMC is also heading toward the Milky Way and could begin to interact with it in 2.4 billion years.
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The LMC is one of many dwarf galaxies that orbit the Milky Way, but it's one of only two that are visible to the naked eye. The other is the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), which can be seen close to the LMC between October and February from the Southern Hemisphere.
The LMC and the SMC are connected by a bridge of gas called the Magellanic Bridge, indicating that they may have interacted in the past. Both dwarf galaxies have been orbiting the Milky Way for about 1.5 billion years. Recent research indicates that the SMC is being torn apart and may in fact be two galaxies. Both dwarf galaxies are named after Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan.
For more sublime space images, check out our Space Photo of the Week archives.
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Giant 'X' appears over Chile as 2 celestial beams of light cross
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Giant 'X' appears over Chile as 2 celestial beams of light cross

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'Sleeping giant' fault beneath Canada could unleash a major earthquake, research suggests
'Sleeping giant' fault beneath Canada could unleash a major earthquake, research suggests

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'Sleeping giant' fault beneath Canada could unleash a major earthquake, research suggests

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"Major ancient faults like that can remain as weak zones in the Earth's crust and then focus ongoing tectonic strain," Theron Finley, a geoscientist who conducted the research while earning his doctorate at the University of Victoria in Canada, told Live Science. The Tintina fault is over 620 miles (1,000 kilometers) long and stretches from northeast British Columbia through the Yukon and into Alaska. On its southern end, it connects to the Rocky Mountain Trench fault, which creates a huge valley through southern Canada and northern Montana. Forty million years ago, during the Eocene epoch, one side of the Tintina fault slid 267 miles (430 km) against the other at a rate of about half an inch (13 millimeters) each year. Today, the fault seems quiet, with only occasional small earthquakes of magnitude 3 to 4 in some sections. However, "there has always been a question of whether it's still a little bit active or still accumulating strain at a slower rate," Finley said. 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Over the past 136,000 years, the opposing sides of the fault moved about 250 feet (75 m). It probably took hundreds of earthquakes to accumulate all that movement, Finley said, which translates to between 0.008 and 0.03 inches (0.2 to 0.8 mm) per year. The fault has not had a large earthquake that ruptured the ground surface for at least 12,000 years, according to the study. The researchers estimate that in that period, the fault has accumulated about 20 feet (6 m) of built-up strain — movement that hasn't yet been released in an earthquake. The fault probably breaks at between 3 and 33 feet (1 to 10 m) of strain, Finley said, so it's in the range where it might normally fracture. "It could still be many thousands of years before it reaches the threshold where it ruptures, but we don't know that and it's very hard to predict that," Finley said. 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San Andreas fault could unleash an earthquake unlike any seen before, study of deadly Myanmar quake suggests
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San Andreas fault could unleash an earthquake unlike any seen before, study of deadly Myanmar quake suggests

When you buy through links on our articles, Future and its syndication partners may earn a commission. Faults like San Andreas don't necessarily repeat past behavior, which means the next big earthquake in California has the potential to be larger than any seen before, a new study suggests. The fresh insights into fault behavior came from studying Myanmar's devastating March earthquake, which killed more than 5,000 people and caused widespread destruction. Scientists found that the fault responsible, an "earthquake superhighway" known as the Sagaing Fault, ruptured across a larger area, and in places that they wouldn't have expected based on previous events. Faults are fractures in Earth's crust. Stress can build up along the faults until eventually the fault suddenly ruptures, causing an earthquake. As the Sagaing and San Andreas faults are similar, what happened in Myanmar could help researchers better understand what might happen in California. "The study shows that future earthquakes might not simply repeat past known earthquakes," study co-author Jean-Philippe Avouac, a professor of geology and mechanical and civil engineering at Caltech, said in a statement. "Successive ruptures of a given fault, even as simple as the Sagaing or the San Andreas faults, can be very different and can release even more than the deficit of slip since the last event." Related: Almost half of California's faults — including San Andreas — are overdue for earthquakes The San Andreas Fault is the longest fault in California, stretching about 746 miles (1,200 kilometers) from the state's south at the Salton Sea to its north off the coast of Mendocino. In 1906, a rupture in the northern section of the fault caused a devastating magnitude 7.9 earthquake that killed more than 3,000 people, according to the U.S. Geological Survey. Earthquakes are notoriously unpredictable, but geologists have long warned that the San Andreas Fault will produce another massive earthquake at some point. For instance, the area nearest to Los Angeles has a 60% chance of experiencing a magnitude 6.7 or greater in the next 30 years, according to the USGS. The 870-mile-long (1,400 km) Sagaing Fault is similar to the San Andreas Fault in that they are both long, straight, strike-slip faults, which means the rocks slide horizontally with little or no vertical movement. Geologists were expecting the Sagaing Fault to slip somewhere along its extent. Specifically, they thought that the rupture would take place across a 190-mile-long (300 km) section of the fault where no large earthquakes had occurred since 1839. This expectation was based on the seismic gap hypothesis, which anticipates that a stuck section of a fault — where there hasn't been movement for a long time — will slip to catch up to where it was, according to the statement. RELATED STORIES —First-of-its-kind video captures the terrifying moment the ground tore apart during major Myanmar earthquake —Russia earthquake: Magnitude 8.8 megaquake hits Kamchatka, generating tsunamis across the Pacific —'Sleeping giant' fault beneath Canada could unleash a major earthquake, research suggests However, in the case of Sagaing, the slip occurred along more than 310 miles (500 km) of the fault, meaning that it caught up and then some. The researchers used a special technique to correlate satellite imagery before and after the event. Those images revealed that after the earthquake, the eastern side of the fault moved south by about 10 feet (3 m) relative to the western side. The scientists say that the imaging technique they used could help improve future earthquake models. "This earthquake turned out to be an ideal case to apply image correlation methods [techniques to compare images before and after a geological event] that were developed by our research group," study first author Solène Antoine, a geology postdoctoral scholar at Caltech, said in the statement. "They allow us to measure ground displacements at the fault, where the alternative method, radar interferometry, is blind due to phenomenon like decorrelation [a process to decouple signals] and limited sensitivity to north–south displacements."

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