Kavach 4.0 to safeguard Mathura-Kota rail section
Indian Railways
on Wednesday commissioned the indigenous Automatic Train Protection System, Kavach 4.0, on the Mathura-Kota section of the high-density Delhi-Mumbai route.
Highlighting the achievement, railway minister Ashwini Vaishnaw said Kavach 4.0 is a product of Indian innovation.
Developed and manufactured indigenously, the system was approved by the Research Designs & Standards Organisation (RDSO) in July 2024.
It is designed to prevent train collisions by automatically controlling speeds and applying brakes when necessary. It operates at Safety Integrity Level 4 (SIL 4). The system was first tested and deployed in South Central Railway in 2018, and the advanced version, Kavach 4.0, was approved in May 2025 for speeds up to 160 kmph.
The complexity of Kavach is comparable to setting up a telecom network. It includes RFID tags every km, telecom towers with optical fibre connectivity, and integrated systems on locomotives and stations. These components communicate in real-time to ensure safe train operations, even in low visibility conditions like fog.
So far, railways has laid 5,856 km of optical fibre, installed 619 telecom towers, equipped 708 stations and 1,107 locomotives with Kavach, and deployed trackside equipment across 4,001 route km.
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Over 30,000 personnel have been trained, and IRISET has partnered with 17 engineering institutions to include Kavach in their curriculum. With an annual investment of over Rs 1 lakh crore in safety initiatives, Indian Railways is expected to deploy Kavach across the country within six years.
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