Chicago's pollution could be keeping river monsters at bay
What's the weirdest thing you learned this week? Well, whatever it is, we promise you'll have an even weirder answer if you listen to PopSci's hit podcast. The Weirdest Thing I Learned This Week hits Apple, Spotify, YouTube, and everywhere else you listen to podcasts every-other Wednesday morning. It's your new favorite source for the strangest science-adjacent facts, figures, and Wikipedia spirals the editors of Popular Science can muster. If you like the stories in this post, we guarantee you'll love the show.
By Lauren Leffer
Silver carp pose a big threat to freshwater ecosystems… and also recreational boaters in the U.S. The invasive fish, which can be more than three feet long and upwards of 20 pounds, feed near the water's surface and are easily startled. When boaters go by, the fish leap out of the water by the dozen, and are liable to hit anything in their path—including people.
Even when they go undisturbed by humans, the fish still manage to sow chaos. They outcompete native species for food, and cause a complete reorganization of local ecosystems in the waterways where they establish. Already, they've triggered native species declines in the Missouri, Ohio, and Mississippi rivers and watersheds. And they're on the cusp of gaining some big ground.
Silver carp are less than 50 miles away from entering Lake Michigan. From there, they could subsequently spread through all of the Great Lakes and the rivers that feed into the lakes. Yet mysteriously, something has been holding them at bay for almost a decade. Unfortunately, science increasingly suggests that thing might be urban water pollution. What's a conservation manager to do? Listen closely to the latest episode of The Weirdest Thing I Learned This Week to ponder this environmental conundrum.
By Rachel Feltman
In October 1968, the deep-sea submersible Alvin was preparing for a routine dive off the coast of Martha's Vineyard. Then a crucial cable snapped. Luckily, the hatch was still open—so everyone made it out okay. But unluckily, the hatch was open—so the vessel sank 5,000 feet to the ocean floor. It would remain there for nearly a year before being recovered. Alvin made it back to the surface in surprisingly good shape… and so did some of its cargo.
Inside the sub, researchers discovered a metal lunchbox packed with apples, thermoses of beef bouillon, and six bologna sandwiches, all remarkably well-preserved. The sandwiches were only slightly soggy, the apples looked 'pickled,' and despite a grayish tint, the bologna was still pink in the middle. Scientists were baffled. How had this meal survived nearly a year without rotting?
In this episode, we explore the incredible journey of Alvin, the strange science of deep-sea decay, and why microbes in the drink just don't seem up to the task of making a sandwich go bad. And, of course, we have to ask the question—who in their right mind actually took a bite?
By Laura Baisis
We know that dolphins and even dogs can surf in the water—according to viral videos in the early YouTube days. Apparently, bats can also surf. But instead of cruising through the water, the spooky little guys surf the air.
A recent study published in the journal Science found that when some of these winged mammals take on long-haul journeys, they will surf along the warm fronts of storms so that they can make it further while spending less energy. They're working smarter, not harder, and taking advantage of the air to travel a longer distance with less work
The study looked at a group of common noctule bats. These bats are found across parts of Europe, Asia, and North Africa and are one of only four bat species that are known to migrate across all of Europe. Using tiny sensors, the team was able to track the bats' migration. They found that changes in air temperature had a strong association with migratory flight. The bats were more likely to begin their movements just before warm fronts came in, leaving on nights where the air pressure dropped and temperature spiked. They appear to be leaving before incoming storms and then 'surfing' along the air movements that come with warm fronts, like drops in barometric pressure, temperature, and better wind.
Importantly, these findings could have implications for bat conservation. Bats can be susceptible to injury from wind turbines, so knowing when migrating bats might be in the area could allow engineers enough time to periodically shut down turbines.
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13 hours ago
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Fresno State professor has 2M Instagram followers. His content? 1,700 science toys
Every room in Ray Hall's home features some kind of science toy. Some of the Fresno State physics professor's vast array of toys are simple, like tippy tops that, when spun, suddenly flip to spin on their narrow stems. Others are more complex, like Tesla coils that generate lightning-like electrical currents. Hall's vast array of toys aren't only used in the classroom — they're the star attraction of one of Instagram's most popular science accounts. In his account @physicsfun, Hall shares demonstrations of these toys and explains the physics behind them to an audience of over 2 million followers. 'My goal is to get these toys into the hands of people because it's one thing to watch me manipulate them. But if they're excited enough to buy it and show it to their kids, show it to their friends. That's when the joy of physics starts to spread,' Hall said. Hall has over 1,700 physics toys. Some are less than $10 and others are worth several hundred dollars. Each of Hall's Instagram videos includes a caption linking to sources for further information. The videos follow a consistent formula: they're short and simple, with the toy clearly taking center stage. They demonstrate concepts like chaos theory, gyroscopic stability and magnetic levitation. 'Almost all of my Instagram videos, especially the ones I'm most proud of, make people go, 'What? That's how it works?'' Hall said. 'They get people more invested in science.' Hall also has a YouTube channel with 610,000 followers that he monetizes as well as a Facebook page with 731,000 followers. 'Everything I try to show on Instagram has that little element of surprise like you weren't expecting for that to necessarily happen,' Hall said. 'I also try to make my videos so that they're not overproduced. It's always my hands and I don't really talk to the camera. Hall first decided to share his toys on Instagram in 2015 after his stepdaughter posted a video of one of his tippy tops and it received a lot of likes from her high school friends. But his Instagram account only started growing significantly after his videos went viral on Reddit from 2016 to 2017. His following grew from 6,000 followers to 20,000 in three days. He reached 1 million followers by 2017. 'The biggest key to success on Instagram is continuity and that means having a daily post,' he said. 'YouTube is a different beast. I have someone who mashes up my videos and posts them for me because I just don't have the time.' Hall added that what motivates him to keep making videos is to keep trying to get more people curious about the world around them. 'It's more so a cheerleading to get them to think more deeply and go pursue further content,' he said. Hall's interest in physics dates back to his childhood. He grew up watching science documentaries and visiting museums like the Exploratorium in San Francisco. He recalls spending time with his father who worked for the Los Angeles Department of Water and Power and loved being in his tool shed. 'My dad was a jack of all trades, his garage was full of tools and he was always fixing stuff. I would hang around with him and he would explain to me how things worked,' Hall said. 'And physics I think is kind of the ultimate 'how do things work', so it appealed to me.' A first-generation college student, Hall studied physics at Fresno State, earning his bachelor's degree in 1988 and his doctorate from UC Riverside in 1994. His research focused on high energy particle physics. It was around that time that he came across some physics toys at a shop in Occidental and started collecting them. 'Back when I was a grad student, I did have some teaching responsibilities,' Hall said. 'So it hit me when I was at that shop that sold kites and other toys that I could really teach physics with them.' After grad school, Hall got a job at Fresno State and has been a physics professor at the university since 1999. He teaches physics along with critical thinking classes for students who aren't planning to pursue careers as scientists. 'My passion now is trying to convince people that science is a lot more interesting than pseudo science. There's a lot of awful belief in things, like that the Earth is flat, and people that take it seriously. That concerns me,' he said. 'It seems like there's a fundamental misunderstanding on what science is trying to do.' As for the future of his social media content, Hall said he may explore new formats — possibly videos where he speaks directly to the camera. He also plans to keep searching for new physics toys. 'I'm taking everything one day at a time and I'm not looking to stop,' he said.
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Apple Watch 圈圈真的準?美國有研究指 Apple Watch 部份運動數據追蹤表現準度不足
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Iconic Florida plant proposed to be added to Endangered Species list
Rare ghost orchid via YouTube. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has proposed listing the ghost orchid, considered to be Florida's most famous flower, under the Endangered Species Act. The announcement came on Wednesday, more than three years after three environmental groups – the Center for Biological Diversity, The Institute for Regional Conservation and the National Parks Conservation Association— filed a petition requesting that the ghost orchid be listed under the law as a threatened species. The ghost orchid is endemic to southwestern Florida and western Cuba. It is estimated that its population has declined by more than 90% around the world, and by up to 50% in Florida. There are only an estimated 1,500 ghost orchids remaining in Florida, and less than half are known to be mature enough to reproduce. They are located mostly in the Big Cypress National Preserve, Florida Panther's National Wildlife Refuge, Fakahatchee Strand Preserve Park, Audubon's Corkscrew Swamp Sanctuary, and other conservation areas in Collier, Hendry, and possibly Lee counties. Among the factors that have led to the flower decreasing in population are the consequences of poaching as well as recent major storms, such as Hurricane Irma in 2017 and Hurricane Ian in 2022, says Jaclyn Lopez, an attorney with the Jacobs Law Clinic for Democracy and the Environment at Stetson University's College of Law based in Pinellas County, who is representing the conservation groups. Other factors that have led to the ghost orchid becoming more vulnerable include increased development and climate change. The ghost orchid is a leafless plant species that uses its roots to photosynthesize and attach itself to a host tree. 'The habitat changes that happen used to be quite slow over time. As sea levels have changed historically that allowed plants to move,' Lopez said. 'The difference now is that the levels are rising much more quickly, not really giving plants the opportunity to adapt and to migrate on their own, and so the concern is that some of these trees could be lost to sea level rise.' In February 2023, the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission posted on social media that it had apprehended individuals attempting to steal a ghost orchid. In their petition to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the conservation groups noted that one of the chief threats to the ghost orchid was 'overcollection,' and therefore they did not list the exact locations of where the populations of the flower exist. However, Lopez says that the Endangered Species Act requires very specific data to be included in the petition process, so the conservation groups were still able to provide that information to the Fish and Wildlife Service confidentially. 'We understood that the principal threat is poaching, so we had to make sure that we weren't going to be the reason poachers could find out their exact location,' she said, adding that the federal agency was later able to communicate directly with officials at Big Cypress and Corkscrew to provide 'location specific information on the species' right down to the individual plant. In a statement, Elise Bennett, the Florida and Caribbean director and attorney at the Center for Biological Diversity, welcomed the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's announcement on the ghost orchid, but said it was far too early to celebrate. '[W]ith the Trump administration's incessant attacks on landmark environmental laws meant to stop species from going extinct, we know our job here isn't done,' she said. 'We'll continue to do what's necessary to ensure the ghost orchid and every other iconic Florida species has a fighting chance to thrive in our beautiful state.' 'People love plants,' adds Lopez. 'They're part of our own ecosystem and habitat. They're part of the aesthetic of living in Florida. And ghost orchids in particular are like the movie star of that ecosystem, so I imagine that this proposal will be gladly supported. I don't expect any political interference or backlash as a result. so we're just hopeful that the administration is able to move forward without further delay in giving the species finally all the protection that it needs.' The Fish and Wildlife Service is taking public comments on the proposed rule until August 4. SUPPORT: YOU MAKE OUR WORK POSSIBLE