
Cyprus to pay Syrian asylum seekers to return home
Migration Minister Nicholas Ioannides said the financial incentives, beginning next month, would be for a voluntary return to Syria for families seeking asylum or those with international protection.
He told reporters the scheme was being launched in coordination with the European Union. EU member Cyprus is one of the largest receivers of Syrian migrants per capita.
Ioannides noted that Syria was "undergoing a critical transitional period" after Bashar Al Assad's ouster in December.
"The success of the reconstruction depends on political will, international cooperation, and, most importantly, the active involvement of the Syrian people themselves," he said.
Officials in Cyprus say 2,500 Syrians have withdrawn asylum applications or renounced their protection status, and around 2,400 have returned home.
The repatriation scheme allows one person per family or couple to receive a special residence and work permit valid for two years.
Returning family members will receive 2,000 euros ($2,270) for the spouse and 1,000 euros per child.
The scheme will operate from June 2 to August 31.
Cyprus granted asylum to thousands of Syrians who fled the civil war there that began in 2011.
The eastern Mediterranean island is less than 200 kilometres from the Syrian and Lebanese coasts, and has long been a route for refugees seeking a better life in Europe.
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The National
2 minutes ago
- The National
I lost my brother in the Beirut port explosion. Where is the justice?
The people of Lebanon are marking five years since the Beirut port explosion of August 4, 2020 – a blast that has been described as one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history. The detonation pulverised the port, ruined vast sections of the city and was felt as far away as Cyprus. It also claimed the lives of more than 220 people, injured more than 7,000 more and left more than 300,000 homeless. The horror of that day is beyond words – the force of the explosion, the shattered city and the wounded and the dead scattered across and beyond the port. But even that devastation pales in comparison to the nightmare of searching through hospitals the evening of the blast for my brother, who worked at a private company operating inside the port. We searched all night, hospital after hospital, and returned home around 5am, devastated and empty-handed. None of us could sleep. At dawn, we resumed the search, until we eventually found him in the morgue at Rafik Hariri University Hospital. We were forced to bury him without even a final goodbye. Not seeing his face one last time is a pain that words cannot describe. The explosion resulted from the detonation of 2,750 tonnes of ammonium nitrate, with a nitrogen grade of 33.5 per cent. This had been stocked illegally under the supervision of high-level security officials, and with the full knowledge of five different security agencies, despite the danger it posed and in violation of Lebanese law. This clearly suggests a deep level of corruption. It is difficult to assign liability with certainty at this stage. But, in breaking the relevant laws and regulations, a crime was certainly committed. Therefore, legal responsibility must be established for all those implicated in the events that led to the explosion. If these people had done their duty, the storm resulting from the nitrate explosion would not have swept through the city Although the investigation into this crime has faced many challenges and obstructions, Judge Tarek Bitar, who took over in early 2021 after his predecessor Fadi Sawan was dismissed, is perseverant. Since his appointment, he has been the target of several baseless complaints demanding his recusal from the investigation. Judges examining the recusal lawsuits have, in turn, been confronted by recusal lawsuits themselves. This is in addition to claims against the state of purported gross misconduct by investigating judges. The number of such complaints, intended to derail the investigation, has potentially reached more than 40 so far. Several politicians and their allies have used all sort of tactics to hinder the investigation. These have included running campaigns to undermine the probe and daily attempts to discredit judges and generally escape accountability. All these actions and obstructions reflect a pattern in Lebanon, in which political officials and influential figures have grown accustomed to impunity and the absence of legal scrutiny. The political war over Judge Bitar's probe has also produced threats against him personally and violence on the streets. Hezbollah, the Iran-backed party and militant group, together with Amal – a political ally led by Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri – has allegedly been trying to push the judge out since his appointment. However, the investigator's determination to move the case forward led to the issuance of a legal analysis on January 25, 2023. This, Judge Bitar stated, gave him the authority to resume his work on the Beirut port explosion case. He had been suspended from the investigation since December 23, 2021, amid legal disputes and intense political pressure. Upon resuming his duties, Judge Bitar brought charges against several senior officials, including Lebanon's top public prosecutor, Ghassan Oweidat. In response, Mr Oweidat reversed his prior recusal – a move widely regarded by experts as lacking legal basis or unlawful – and charged Judge Bitar with 'usurping power', summoning him for questioning. He also imposed a travel ban on Judge Bitar and ordered the release of all 17 detainees connected to the blast, leaving one of the largest non-nuclear explosions in history without a single suspect in custody. Under Lebanese law, the authority to decide on the release or continued detention of individuals lies with the investigating judge, not the public prosecutor. In this case, it appears that the Prosecutor General, whose role is to represent the public interest, may have acted beyond his legal powers, potentially committing serious procedural and legal violations, in addition to the charges he already faces in connection with the explosion. Mr Oweidat did not stop at these violations. He went further by issuing an order to the judicial police and the Public Prosecution Office instructing them not to co-operate with Judge Bitar – a move many legal experts have described as lacking legal basis and potentially obstructing justice. However, despite all this, Judge Bitar resumed interrogations on February 10 this year, questioning the remaining defendants, including former prime minister Hassan Diab, politicians, judges and senior security officials. He completed all interrogations and chose to withhold decisions on individuals until a full indictment was issued. The newly appointed public prosecutor, Judge Jamal Hajjar, also reversed the directive previously issued by the defendant, Mr Oweidat, restoring co-operation between the investigative judge and the Public Prosecution Office. As of July 21, Judge Bitar has completed all his questioning and is now awaiting responses to several judicial requests that were sent abroad. The port explosion was a turning point in the lives of the Lebanese people, with many families emigrating after that date, especially after witnessing how the country's political class handled the investigation with disregard for justice and open threats to the judiciary. Many also lost hope of uncovering the truth, as the Lebanese grew accustomed to a prevailing culture of impunity. However, the situation is different for the victims' families. They do not cling to the word "hope" because the justice they are demanding is a victim's right, not an aspiration. Lebanon's new government and new president have pledged, within the powers granted to them by the constitution, to do everything necessary to ensure justice is done in the port case. However, the people are waiting for truth and accountability. Victims' families and their supporters are also ready to resume protests if the investigation is not completed and an indictment is not issued. The investigation into the Beirut port explosion, despite major delays caused by political obstruction, Hezbollah and the defendants will, I am sure, lead to the truth. Every official or civilian who was required to preserve the security of the citizens and did not do so, will be held accountable. If these people had done their duty, the storm resulting from the nitrate explosion would not have swept through the city, destroyed homes and roads, and killed people in this catastrophic way.


The National
5 hours ago
- The National
Middle East businesses brace for higher costs after Trump announces new tariffs
Middle East businesses that trade with the US are preparing for increased costs and operational challenges after Washington introduced a fresh round of tariffs on dozens of countries, including several in the region. US President Donald Trump on Thursday signed an executive order imposing ' reciprocal tariffs ' ranging from 10 per cent to 41 per cent. The latest measures make small reductions to April's announcement but keep overall rates high for Middle Eastern economies. Slight reductions but high costs remain Syria remains the most heavily affected, facing a 41 per cent tariff, unchanged from April. Iraq's rate has been lowered to 35 per cent from 39 per cent, Libya to 30 per cent from 31 per cent and Tunisia to 25 per cent from 28 per cent. Jordan and Israel were each handed a 15 per cent tariff, down from 20 per cent previously. The marginal cuts offer limited relief to companies that export to or import from the US. Businesses across the region are expected to face higher costs, tighter margins and potential disruptions to their supply chains as they adjust to the new trade environment. The modest tariff reductions for countries like Jordan and Iraq offer "little more than cosmetic relief," Peter Middlebrook, chief executive of UAE-based management and investment consultancy Geopolicity, said. "Key sectors—particularly manufacturing, chemicals, machinery, electronics, and consumer goods—remain under pressure from elevated duties, with limited room to maneuver," he said. "While energy exports such as oil and LNG remain largely insulated, more diversified economies like Tunisia, Jordan, and Iraq will suffer reduced competitiveness, compressed margins, and higher barriers to the US market." Businesses in the region that rely on importing US goods now face higher input costs, especially in pharmaceuticals, high-tech components, and industrial equipment. "This will force difficult choices: either absorb the hit or pass the burden onto consumers. Larger firms may pivot toward alternate suppliers or explore new markets, but for many SMEs, these tariffs create significant headwinds for trade planning, investment certainty, and operational scaling," Mr Middlebrook said. Compounded by policy unpredictability and the risk of further escalation, the long-term outlook for US relations with its trade partners remains "highly uncertain", he added. Limited overall trade exposure The direct impact of the new tariffs is likely to be limited given the region's trade profile, Nassib Ghobril, chief economist at Lebanon's Byblos Bank Group, told The National, noting that exports from the region to the US made up only 4 per cent of its total exports last year, the majority of which were oil. 'Further, oil, natural gas, and petroleum products, which account for about 70 per cent of the Mena region's exports to the world, are exempt from new US tariffs,' he said. For net oil-importing economies such as Egypt, Jordan, Lebanon, Morocco and Tunisia, exposure is also relatively small, Mr Ghobril said. 'Their total exports to the US amounted to $8.2 billion, while their imports from the US reached $16 billion in 2024. 'Also, their exports to the US accounted for 7 per cent of their aggregated total exports in 2024 and most of their exports are in the form of light manufacturing, including textiles, apparel, jewellery and processed food.' Trade stability concerns Dean Mikkelsen, a UAE-based independent maritime and logistics analyst, said the new tariffs have shaken long-standing perceptions of US trade stability across the Arab world. 'For decades, the US was seen as a predictable, cornerstone trade partner,' he told The National. 'This policy of high, fluctuating tariffs changes that perception for everyone … it creates a cloud of economic uncertainty over the whole region.' He said that small reductions in tariffs do little to reassure businesses or investors. 'They don't build confidence,' Mr Mikkelsen said. 'No one is going to make a major, long-term investment based on a 4 per cent tariff reduction when the entire system feels unstable.' The tariff schedule acts as 'a tool of targeted economic pressure', with high rates limiting growth in non-oil sectors in Iraq and Libya, undermining Tunisia's olive oil exports, and disrupting technology supply chains between the US and Israel, according to Mr Mikkelsen. 'The most disruptive move is the 15 per cent tariff on Israel and Jordan,' he said. 'It's a direct shock to the deeply integrated US-Israel technology supply chain … even the most strategic and deeply intertwined partnerships are not immune to this new volatility.' He added that many companies in the region are already pivoting away from reliance on US trade. 'From our vantage point as a global hub, we see this clearly. Companies are building stronger, more resilient trade corridors,' Mr Mikkelsen said. 'This means strengthening ties with Europe for its stability, investing heavily in Africa as the key future growth market, and anchoring their strategy in Asia for its sheer scale.' Minimal effect on start-ups While the impact on traditional trade may be muted, questions have also been raised about how these measures could affect the region's start-up ecosystem, particularly tech companies seeking investment from the US. Fadi Ghandour, executive chairman of Wamda Capital, said the tariffs will have little to no impact on start-ups in the region. 'Most, if not all, of start-ups have regional focus and do not produce physical goods to be exported to the US. They're mostly software or tech based companies,' Mr Ghandour told The National. He added that very little start-up funding comes from the US and is therefore unaffected by trade policies. 'Most of our start-ups in the region raise money from the region,' Mr Ghandour said. 'Besides, tariffs do not affect VCs that have an interest in investing in the region, that is not relevant to regional companies in the tech space.' Industries such as manufacturing, automotive, consumer goods and agriculture are still expected to face pressure due to higher costs, particularly in economies with significant non-oil trade with the US. The tariffs form part of the Trump administration's broader push to reshape global trade relationships and negotiate bilateral deals aimed at securing what it calls fairer terms for the US.


Middle East Eye
5 hours ago
- Middle East Eye
Slovenia becomes first EU country to impose arms embargo on Israel
Slovenia on Thursday imposed an arms embargo on Israel citing the European Union's failure to take action to stop Israel's assault on Gaza. "At the initiative of Prime Minister Robert Golob, the Slovenian government confirmed a decision prohibiting the export and transit of military weapons and equipment from or through the Republic of Slovenia to Israel, or the import from Israel to Slovenia," a government statement read. Golob announced the decision after a government meeting, saying that his country is the first EU nation to take such a step. Two weeks ago, Slovenia was also the first EU country to declare two Israeli ministers, Itamar Ben Gvir and Bezalel Smotrich, persona non grata, accusing them of making "genocidal statements" against Palestinians. In June 2024, Slovenia followed Norway, Spain and Ireland in recognising Palestine as an independent state and has been among the most vocal European nations in its criticism of Israel's actions in Gaza, with President Natasa Pirc Musar describing the onslaught as a genocide. New MEE newsletter: Jerusalem Dispatch Sign up to get the latest insights and analysis on Israel-Palestine, alongside Turkey Unpacked and other MEE newsletters In their meeting in mid-July, the EU's 27 foreign ministers failed to agree on the suspension of the controversial EU-Israel Association Agreement, which covers both trade and political relations. They also failed to agree on nine other possible measures against Israel put forward after it was found to have breached the human rights provisions of the trade agreement. The measures that would have been agreed last month included full suspension of the agreement, suspension of its preferential trade provisions, an arms embargo, sanctions on Israeli ministers, or imposing a ban on trade with Israeli settlements in occupied Palestine. Slovenia's Golob has repeatedly stated that his government would act independently if the EU fails to take concrete measures against Israel by mid-July. 'People in Gaza are dying because humanitarian aid is systematically denied them. They are dying under the rubble, without access to drinking water, food and basic medical care," Golob said. "This is a complete denial of humanitarian access and a deliberate prevention of basic conditions for survival. In such circumstances, it is the duty of every responsible state to take action, even if it means taking a step ahead of others.' The government added that more measures will be announced in the coming weeks in response to "serious violations of international humanitarian law" by Israel. Other EU countries urge sanctions On Thursday, Sweden and the Netherlands called on the EU to suspend the trade agreement with Israel over the continued Gaza siege and ban on the UN's humanitarian aid operations. Swedish Prime Minister Ulf Kristersson said that the situation in Gaza had become "utterly deplorable" and that Israel was failing to uphold its obligations with regards to the delivery of aid. Exclusive: Spain and Ireland to join more than 30 states to declare 'concrete measures' against Israel Read More » "Sweden therefore demands that the EU, as soon as possible, freezes the trade component of the association agreement," he wrote on X. "Economic pressure on Israel must increase. The Israeli government must allow unrestricted humanitarian aid in Gaza." Two days earlier, a similar stance was taken by the Netherlands, as Dutch foreign minister Caspar Veldkamp advocated suspending the trade element of the Association Agreement if aid was not stepped up in Gaza. Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez has accused the EU of double standards for failing to apply sanctions to Israel. 'It makes absolutely no sense that we've passed 18 sanction packages on Russia for its aggression against Ukraine and Europe but, with double standards, haven't even been able to suspend the Association Agreement with Israel when they are flagrantly violating Article 2 in terms of human rights,' he said in June. Spain, Ireland and the Netherlands have led efforts calling for the EU to review the Association Agreement since February 2024. Israel's war on Gaza, now widely recognised as a genocide, has killed over 60,000 Palestinians, most of them women and children. Since the full siege imposed by Israel on 2 March, over 150 adults and children died of starvation and over 1,000 aid-seekers were killed while trying to reach the US-Israeli run aid distribution sites in southern Gaza.